MICRO WAVE ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS MICROWAVE ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS Edited by J. S. Hollis, B.E.E., M.S.E.E. T. J. Lyon, B.E.E., M.S.E.E L. Clayton, Jr., B.S., M.S., Ph.D. REVISED Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia, USA November 1985 Microwave Antenna Measurements Published 1969 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia, USA Second Edition Published 1970 Third Printing (with minor revisions) 1972 Fourth Printing 1978 Fifth Printing 1980 Sixth Printing 1981 Seventh Printing 1983 Eighth Printing (with revisions) 1985 Ninth Printing 1987’ Third Edition Published 1985 Copyright 1969, 1970, 1985 by Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. AUTHORS J. M. Best? L. Clayton, Jr. J. H. Cook, Jr. H. L. Crispin C. H. Currie D. M. Fraley R. A. Heaton L. H. Hemming T. G. Hickman J. S. Hollis S. F. Hutchins T. J. Lyon C. C. Morris R. E. Pidg’eon, Jr. T. D. Smith LIST OF CHAPTERS 1. FOREWORD 2. INTRODUCTION J. S. Hollis, T. J. Lyon, and L. Clayton, Jr. 3. POLARIZATION THEORY J. S. Hollis, T. G. Hickman, and T. J. Lyon 4. SIGNAL DETECTION, NOISE, AND DYNAMIC RESPONSE R. E. Pidgeon, Jr. 5. COORDINATE SYSTEMS AND ANTENNA POSITIONERS S. F. Hutchins 6. ANTENNA PATTERN MEASUREMENTS J. H. Cook, Jr., L. H. Hemming, and T. D. Smith 7. MEASUREMENT OF DIRECTIVITY J. S. Hollis and R. E. Pidgeon, Jr. 8. MEASUREMENT OF GAIN T. G. Hickman and R. A. Heaton 9. PHASE MEASUREMENTS IN ANTENNA SYSTEMS H. L. Crispin and J. S. Hollis 10. POLARIZATION MEASUREMENTS T. G. Hickman, J. S. Hollis, and L. Clayton, Jr. Il. BORESIGHT MEASUREMENTS T. J. Lyon and D. M. Fraley 12. RADOME MEASUREMENTS, T. J. Lyon 13. REFLECTIVITY MEASUREMENTS J. M. Beste 14. ANTENNA RANGE DESIGN AND EVALUATION T. J. Lyon, J. S. Hollis, and T. C. Hickman 15. ANTENNA TEST EQUIPMENT C. H. Currie, W. L. Tuttle, and J. H. Pape CHAPTER 1 FOREWORD This book was originally written for use as a text for a short course of the same title at San Fernando Valley State College, Northridge, California, July 14-18, 1969. The original was edited and revised for a second short course, this time at the Georgia Institute of Technology, in Atlanta, Georgia, July 20-24, 1970. This revision (1985) reflects current Instrumentation available for antenna testing including new trends in automation. The editors recognize that further revisions and extensions are desirable and they welcome specific suggestions. The contributions of a number of people in addition to the authors were necessary in the preparation of this text. The course was jointly conceived and outlined by Professor E. S. Gillespie of San Fernando Valley State College and by Scientific-Atlanta. Background material for the courses was presented in a monograph by Dr. Gillespie. * Thanks are due to the Printing Department of Scientific-Atlanta, to Mrs. Barbara B. Smith and Mrs. Jean A. Nichols, who typed the bulk of the manuscript, and to Mrs. Dianne Beaumont who typed the revised material. Thanks are also due to Messrs. Ying-Tung Chou and Kai Hsu for preparation of the Index and for proof reading the original text and to Mr. Wayne K. Rivers of Georgia Tech for his criticisms and suggestions. The rationalized MKS system is used throughout the text. Notation and terminology are defined at the point of introduction. * See Reference 3, Chapter 2.