NUTRITION Rothkopf Metabolic • Nusbaum • Metabolic Medicine Haverstick Medicine Surgery and The first comprehensive overview of an emerging field, Metabolic Medicine and Surgery M and introduces a new paradigm in patient management that crosses existing subspecialty e boundaries. This approach is necessitated by the challenges of treating patients with t obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and prediabetes, as well as those a with maldigestion, malabsorption, malnutrition and nutritional deficiencies. This book Surger y b teaches physicians and surgeons what they need to know about clinical nutrition, o metabolism and the metabolic effects of bariatric surgery. It is also applicable to those l i in primary care, including physicians, residents, medical students, nurses and nurse prac- c titioners, physician assistants, and dietitians who are on the front lines of treating patients M with obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. e The book is presented in four sections: I. An Overview of Metabolic Medicine and Surgery; II. Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance and Obesity; III. Diseases of Undernutrition and d Absorption; IV. A Nutritional Relationship to Neurological Diseases. It contains chapters i c from world-renowned experts who are widely published in major medical journals. The i n book also benefits from the contributions of clinicians with extensive experience and per- spective in the field, including many who have been witness to its major developments. e This book’s strength lies in the cross-specialty consensus created by the collaboration of a n the editors and further developed by their renowned contributors. It demonstrates how d medicine, surgery, therapeutics, and nutrition can be combined synergistically to impact patient outcomes. It crystallizes the efforts of a multitude of physicians and scientists trying S to control the linked pandemics of obesity, type-2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. u This book is an attempt to develop comprehensive solutions to diseases afflicting vast r g numbers of patients worldwide. e r y K16311 Edited by Michael M. Rothkopf, MD, FACP, FACN 6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487 Michael J. Nusbaum, MD, FACS, FASMBS 711 Third Avenue New York, NY 10017 an informa business 2 Park Square, Milton Park Lisa P. Haverstick, RDN, CNSC, FAND www.crcpress.com Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK w w w . c r c p r e s s . c o m Metabolic Medicine and Surger y Metabolic Medicine and Surger y Edited by Michael M. Rothkopf, MD, FACP, FACN Metabolic Medicine Center Atlantic Health System Morristown, New Jersey, USA Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Mount Sinai Health System New York, New York, USA Michael J. Nusbaum, MD, FACS, FASMBS Metabolic Medicine Center Atlantic Health System Morristown, New Jersey, USA Lisa P. Haverstick, RDN, CNSC, FAND Metabolic Medicine Center Atlantic Health System Morristown, New Jersey, USA Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2015 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20140818 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-6712-2 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. 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For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copy- right.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identifica- tion and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com We dedicate this book to our mentors, colleagues, and patients. We have learned much from all of you and treasure your ongoing support. Michael M. Rothkopf Michael J. Nusbaum Lisa P. Haverstick To Amy, Rebecca, Zachary, Max, Ariel, and Jacob. You have witnessed the determination needed to forge a new specialty. Be bold in your lives. Be creative. Don’t let others define you. Find out what you love to do and pursue it with tenacity and courage. Michael M. Rothkopf Michael J. Nusbaum As senior editor, I have the privilege of offering a personal dedication to my wife Gail who has been a constant source of clarity and virtue—thank you for renewing my contract, year after year. Michael M. Rothkopf Contents Surgical Foreword .............................................................................................................................xi Metabolist Foreword ......................................................................................................................xiii Preface..............................................................................................................................................xv Acknowledgments ...........................................................................................................................xix Editors .............................................................................................................................................xxi Contributors .................................................................................................................................xxiii Section i Metabolic Medicine and Surgery—A new Paradigm in Healthcare Chapter 1 An Overview of Metabolic Medicine ...........................................................................3 Michael M. Rothkopf, Lisa P. Haverstick, and Michael J. Nusbaum Chapter 2 Practice of Metabolic Medicine .................................................................................23 Michael M. Rothkopf, Lisa P. Haverstick, and Michael J. Nusbaum Chapter 3 Concept of Metabolic Surgery ...................................................................................47 Michael J. Nusbaum, Michael M. Rothkopf, and Lisa P. Haverstick Section ii Metabolic Syndrome, insulin Resistance, and obesity—An opportunity to Prevent, control, and Reverse Disease Chapter 4 Metabolic Syndrome ..................................................................................................69 Amrita G. Sawhney and Michael M. Rothkopf Chapter 5 Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ............................................................................115 Olga A. Melzer, Michael M. Rothkopf, and Lisa Ganjhu Livia S.A. Augustin, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Arash Mirrahimi, Stephanie Nishi, and David J.A. Jenkins vii viii Contents Chapter 7 Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease ......................................................................141 Miguel A. Martinez-Gonzalez and Maira Bes-Rastrollo Chapter 8 Risk Relationship between Insulin Resistance, Diabetes, and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ............................................................................................165 Serena Del Turco, Rosa Sicari, and Amalia Gastaldelli Chapter 9 Strategies for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes .....................................................183 Harry G. Preuss and Jeffrey M. Preuss Chapter 10 Bariatric Surgery for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Resolution .....................................207 Geltrude Mingrone and Marco Castagneto Chapter 11 Incretin Response after Bariatric Surgery ...............................................................221 Roxanne Dutia and Blandine Laferrère Chapter 12 Medical Obesity Management .................................................................................239 Lisa Marie DeRosimo Chapter 13 Peripheral Endocrine Response to Weight Loss ......................................................251 Priya Sumithran and Joseph Proietto Chapter 14 An Overview of Surgical Weight Loss Options .......................................................265 Amrita G. Sawhney and Michael Fishman Chapter 15 Diabetes Surgery ......................................................................................................285 Alpana Shukla, Rajesh T. Patel, and Francesco Rubino Chapter 16 Metabolic Changes Post-Bariatric Surgery ..............................................................299 Juliana S. Simonetti and Caroline Apovian Chapter 17 Metabolic Monitoring of the Bariatric Surgery Patient ...........................................315 L.E. Sasha Stiles Chapter 18 Hypoglycemia after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery .........................................335 Shannon Roque, Sridhar Nambi, and Michael M. Rothkopf Chapter 19 Micronutrient-Deficient Encephalopathy after Bariatric Surgery ............................349 Olga A. Melzer and Michael M. Rothkopf