MERCHANT AND PRIVATELY COUNTERMARKED COINS Gregory G. Brunk © 2006 © oo MERCHANT AND PRIVATELY COUNTERMARKED COINS Gregory G. Brunk © 2006 is THAN i 7R Mo Az i TàM ANÉ NaDt FRA thy ÑQ + « Th d E É i i a ARl x © be, - The author gives blanket permission to other researchers to cite or to quote small portions of these two manuscripts. If you wish to do so, would you please follow these conventions: 1. A large number of people have contributed to my efforts. Whenever an individual provided me with a new identification, | have given that person or persons the credit but putting their names in parentheses somewhere in the description. If you wish to publish any of the numerous new identifications that have been made since the publication of Merchant and Privately Countermarked Coins (2003), please give credit to my contributors, and please note my book manuscript. My contributors deserve the credit for their work. 2. A revised edition of Merchant and Privately Countermarked Coins probably will be published in 2010, with new submissions needed by 2009. As a way to further to this effort, from time to time would you please advise others of my manuscript, and publish my mailing address so they can contact me (PO Box 125, Hudson, lowa 50643). 3. I’m working on another book tentatively titled Coins Countermarked with Political Messages. (No publisher as yet, and | might submit this as a long article). In any event, it is very difficult to find information on such items because so little has been published on them. Contributions and suggestions regarding political countermarks would be greatly appreciated! So far as | can tell, | have included all the previously published information, but | may have missed something - perhaps a great deal! Gregory G. 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(to beraiiduq need esr athl oe saussed ermis Wasiy od iow ahanmneinyoo lestillon Yiibranes poser S Yiauotverg eff TE bəbuloni svsri i lis? neo | 26 wit og betaine igs s ageme ~ gnirtamoe beselm wad yom | tud motaniotn baigiidug > = F l iiaar Eg SI und BOwo mesd BS! xogos Gregory G. Brunk (PO Box 125, Hudson, lowa 50643) June 2006 Draft - Comments Invited AUSTRALIA During the nineteenth century millions of British copper He mentioned the following amusing story. Soon coins were sent to Australia because of a lack of small change after the tokens were called in his store was broken there. Many of these were 1797 cartwheel pennies, which into; there was a man sleeping on the premises for sometimes had been countermarked by British merchants for protection, who heard the thieves break in, but kept advertising or for use as trade tokens before arriving in quiet, and after it was all over came out. Two Chinamen Australia. This makes the identification of some apparently had entered the store and the first thing they found Australian countermarks difficult because it is unclear where was a large box full of tokens. They began to jabber they really were issued. and chuckle, thinking they had struck the bank; they took the lot away but as they were not in circulation A&S they would be of little use. They were never caught or anything found out about them and that plant of tokens The stamped numbers so far noted on the reverse of A & S has yet to be found (Chitty 1907: 10019). countermarked coins are 4 and 6. Their purpose is not known. A. BUSH A&S Australian Token: UK (3) Rev: Number Australian Token: UK (2) FREDERIC CADE East Melbourne, Victoria AUSTRALIAN STEAM NAVIGATION CO. Sydney, New South Wales Frederick Cade was a pharmacist at 134 Collins Street (Deacon 1955). In 1867 the Australian Steam Navigation Company was located on Sussex Street. It is likely that these countermarked F. CADE coins are patterns meant to test a token die (Andrews 1921: Australian Token: UK (6) 30). ALFRED CHITTY A. S. N. CO. / Three Men in a Boat Adelaide, South Australia Australian Token: UK British Halfpenny: 1853 UK (2) During the early twentieth century Alfred Chitty published a British Penny: UK number of important papers on Australian coins and tokens. He stamped these pieces sometime before 1912 (Deacon 1955). WILLIAM ALLAMBY East Melbourne, Victoria A. C. Australian Token: UK (8) Allamby was an East Melbourne green grocer on British Halfpenny: 1806 UK Queensberry Street in 1860 (Henderson 1981: 10). T. COKER ALLAMBY Melbourne, Victoria Australian Token: UK (4) In 1855 T. Coker operated a green grocery on Lonsdale B Street. Victoria T. COKER This is seen as a single letter, two letters or three letters as Australian Token: UK (10) "B. B. B." on various Australian tokens (Henderson 1981: 11). Its purpose is unknown, but such simple counterstamps often W. COOK were used when a merchant wanted to convert another's Sandridge, Victoria tokens for his own use. The Sandridge Sugar Works was a large processing plant B. (Often Multiple Stamps) for refining sugar. W. Cook also issued a struck penny token for Australian Token: UK (6). his "Odd Fellows Store." Some believe these countermarked \ coins are the earliest merchant tokens of the state of Victoria. J. E. BONNEY SUGAR WORKS / BY / W. COOK / BAY ST / SANDRIDGE / J. E. BONNEY -TREACLE DELIVERED. Australian Token: UK (2) British Penny: UK (4) British Halfpenny: UK ALBERT BUSH Sandhurst, Victoria E. COTTRILL Bush had a stable at 181 Elizabeth Street in 1856. In 1857 E. COTTRILL / LATE COTTRILL & CO a Mr. Ferris became his partner, and they opened a grocery at Australian Token: UK (4) the corner of Williamson and Myers Streets in Sandhurst. The mines in this area were called the Bendigo Goldfields, but from E. COVERLID 1853 to 1891 the township and later the city were called Sandhurst. The numismatist Alfred Chitty knew Albert Bush and E. COVERLID recalled: Australian Token: UK (2) JOHN EDWARD CROCKFORD Gregory G. Brunk (PO Box 125, Hudson, lowa 50643) June 2006 Draft - Comments Invited Sandridge, Victoria J. A. G. John Edward Crockford was associated with the Fountain J. A.G. Inn on Bay Street. The hotel is still standing, although the town Australian Token: 1857 UK of Sandridge is now a part of Port Melbourne. Crockford was a city councilman in 1860 (Deacon 1955, Henderson 1981: 11). W. H. G. J. E. C. (Curved) Deacon (1955: 21) argues that this is the counterstamp of Australian Token: UK (7) W. H. Geary of Sydney. J. E. C. (Straight) W. H. G. Included above Australian Token: UK (2) JD GARDNER & CO. Sydney, New South Wales The usual assumption made about this sort of stamp is that "J D" is a person's name, and "G" represents a city. If so, one In 1867 this firm was on the Pacific Wharf, Druitt Street. It possible issuer was J. Daniel of Geelong. sold marble, cement, shell, and lime. JD/G GARDNER & CO / SYDNEY Australian Token: UK (2) British Halfpenny: 1883 1. DANIELS GEELONG VOLUNTEER FIRE BRIGADE North Melbourne, Victoria Geelong, Victoria Mrs. Daniels was a grocer on Leveson Street (Henderson These countermarked halfpennies were used by the 1981: 13). Geelong Volunteer Fire Brigade to purchase refreshments at fires (Chitty 1918: 6). One of them has a small "3" in the loop of 1. DANIELS the number "6". Australian Token: 1858 UK G VF B around 6 DOVER CASTLE British Halfpenny: UK (2) North Adelaide, South Australia JOHN HOLLAND The Dover Castle Hotel was located at 47 Archer Street Melbourne, Victoria from 1850 to 1984. Another hotel of the same name was located in Melbourne (Deacon 1981, Henderson 1981: 13). In 1855 John Holland was manager of the Globe Inn, which had "4 tables in the billiards room." In 1861 he was associated DOVER CASTLE / Stag's Head / Crown with the Stork Hotel at 288 Elizabeth Street (Andrew 1921: British Penny: UK 143, Henderson 1981: 14). GORDON EVANS J. HOLLAND Melbourne, Victoria Australian Token: UK In 1846 this Melbourne stock broker was located in the HOLLAND & MEAD Commerce Hall on Collins Street (Deacon 1955). The inscription of this countermark is unclear. Another GORDON EVANS / STOCK & SHARE BROKER / MELBOURNE possible reading is "Hammond & Mead." British Cartwheel Twopence: 1797 HOLLAND/ & / MEAD THOMAS FAX Australian Token: UK Adelaide, South Australia British Halfpenny: George III Fax's firm was founded in 1840, and by the 1860s was A. HOLMES located on Leigh Street. He sold leather goods, shoemaking and Geelong, Victoria bridery tools. Holmes was a grocer in Geelong (Chitty 1907). FAX / LEATHER / CUTTER Australian Token: 1857 (2) 1858 UK (5) A. HOLMES / -o-/ GEELONG British Cartwheel Penny: 1797 Australian Token: UK PETER FLEIG C. HYDE Aldgate, South Australia Victoria Peter Fleig is a contemporary coin collector, who stamped While Hyde's countermark appears on Victoria tokens, he coins, tokens, and cut coins with single letter punches during was not listed in 1860s Melbourne directories. So it is likely the 1970s. The initials indicate "Peter Fleig, South Australia." that he was from a small, provincial town (Henderson 1981: 15). PF/SA Various World Coins and Tokens C. HYDE Australian Token: 1857 1862 UK (8) Gregory G. Brunk (PO Box 125, Hudson, lowa 50643) June 2006 Draft - Comments Invited Knight's countermark only is known on well worn holey CHARLES JENKINS dollars of New South Wales (Deacon 1955: 20; W. J. D. Mira Adelaide, South Australia and W. J. Noble The Holey Dollars of New South Wales, 1988). C. JENKINS / ADELAIDE T. KNIGHT Australian Token: UK (4) Eight Reales Made into Holey Dollar: 1785 1799 1803 1808 C. JENKINS / AUCTIONEER / ADELAIDE UK (2) Australian Token: UK (3) JM JOHNSON & CO. Melbourne, Victoria J.M Australian Token: UK (2) This was a photographic company at 62 Little Collins Street near the back of the town hall, and later on Emerald Hill in G. MITCHELL South Melbourne (Deacon 1955). G. MITCHELL / MRCVS JOHNSON & CO MELBOURNE Australian Token: UK (2) British Penny: UK (2) Planchet (1) N Tasmania? W. H. KERNOT Chilwell and Geelong, Victoria These may be from Tasmania since they are found on tokens of Tasmania, Victoria, and New South Wales. Kernot had a chemist shop at La Trobe Terrace in Chilwell, which is now a Geelong suburb. Later he was located at the top N in Serrated Circle of Mooraboo! Street in Geelong (Chitty 1907). His firm was Australian Token: UK (6) established in 1853, and he died in 1892. R. NURSE Kernot advertised his specialities as "Easy Butter Maker, for Producing Good Butter. Kernot's Rosemary, for the Complexion R. NURSE and Hair. Soothing Powders, for Children Teething. Extra Strong British Halfcrown: UK Seidlitz, Double the Usual Strength. Pitt's Patent Wheat, Kills British Halfpenny: UK Sparrows, Mice and Rats. Curative Oils, for Sprains, Bruises, British Penny: UK etc. Pills of Health, the Best Medicine, Etherial Ginger; for Wind, Australian Token: UK Spasms, etc." He had a number of different stamps, which he used in various combinations on coins and tokens. OWEN & SON Geelong, Victoria W. H. K. Australian Token: 1857 UK (5) It seems likely that this countermark was issued by pharmacists who specialized in treating venereal diseases KERNOT / CHILWELL (Henderson 1981: 16). Australian Token: 1857 UK With THOMAS / AGENT / GEELONG OWEN & SON Australian Token: UK Australian Token: UK W. KERNOT Australian Token: UK (7) W. P. W. KERNOT Australian Token: UK (5) Rev: W. H. K. Australian Token: UK WILLIAM PATTISON Sydney, New South Wales KERNOT / W. KERNOT / CHILWELL / W. H. K. Rev: CHILWELL In 1848 Pattison lived on King Street (Andrews 1921: 145). Australian Token: UK (2) In 1867 he was a gun maker at 233 Macquaire Street. W. H. KERNOT / CHILWELL PATTISON / GUNSMITH / SYDNEY Australian Token: UK (3) British Halfpenny: UK (2) PETER A. KING T. ROBINSON Prahran Melbourne, Victoria Peter A. King managed the Crown Hotel on High Street Robinson and Company produced ale. In 1859 it was (Henderson 1981: 15). located at 122 Collins Street (Andrews 1921: 146). Crown / KING T. ROBINSON / BREWER / MELBOURNE Australian Token: 1857 UK (2) Australian Token: UK T. KNIGHT S. ROW New South Wales S. ROW Gregory G. Brunk (PO Box 125, Hudson, lowa 50643) June 2006 Draft - Comments Invited Australian Token: UK (4) 1981: 19). The Geelong Historical Records Centre told the writer that it was aware of such pieces, but could not locate an T. SALSBURY example to be photographed. This die cutter's name is spelled two different ways in his V. CO. own stamps. Australian Token: UK (2) T. SALISBURY / ENGRAVER / & STAMPCUTTER A. WALKER Australian Token: UK A WALKER T. SALSBURY / ENGRAVER / & STAMPCUTTER Australian Token: UK (2) Australian Token: UK W. WATSON A. C. SCARFEL Orroroo W. WATSON Australian Token: UK (2) A. C. SCARFEL GROCER / ORROROO British Penny: UK WILLIAM WILSON Sydney, New South Wales J. SMITH William Wilson was listed in the 1867 directory as an J. SMITH engraver at this address. His pieces are the most often seen Australian Token: UK (2) Australian countermarked coins. W: SMITH WILSON / ENGRAVER / 390 PITTS Australian Token: 1857 (2) 1858 UK (20) The writer does not know if the countermarks on British coins are from the same stamp. WILSON / ENGRAVER / 390 PITT S / SYDNEY Australian Token: UK (3) W. SMITH Austrian Kreuzer: 1816 Australian Token: UK (3) French Sou: 1791 British Halfpenny: 1799 Russian Five Kopeck: 1816 British Penny: UK J. THOMAS Geelong, Victoria In 1865 J. Thomas was a chemist on Malop Street. His shop was managed by a Mr. Owen, who also seems to have countermarked coins. Thomas' stamps often appear on the tokens of Professor Holloway, a patent medicine dealer in London, England. This suggests Thomas was the Victorian agent for Holloway's pills. He died in 1906 (Chitty 1907, Deacon 1955). JT Australian Token: 1861 (2) UK (6) THOMAS / AGENT / GEELONG Australian Token: 1857 (4) UK (6) With KERNOT / CHILWELL Australian Token: UK JT / THOMAS / AGENT / GEELONG Australian Token: 1857 UK (5) J. TOWNSEND East Melbourne, Victoria Andrews (1921: 147) assigns this countermark to a fruit dealer who was located at 125 Elizabeth Street. J. TOWNSEND Australian Token: UK VOLUM BREWERY Geelong, Victoria In 1857 the well known Geelong Brewery was purchased by James Volum, who renamed it Volum Brewery. He stamped various Australian tokens with the mark "V. Co." (Henderson