Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the World Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque  Umesh Patil Ákos Máthé Editors Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of South America Brazil 1 23 Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the World Volume 5 Series Editor Ákos Máthé University of West Hungary Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) have been utilized in various forms since the earliest days of mankind. They have maintained their traditional basic curative role even in our modern societies. Apart from their traditional culinary and food industry uses, MAPs are intensively consumed as food supplements (food additives) and in animal husbandry, where feed additives are used to replace synthetic chemicals and production-increasing hormones. Importantly medicinal plants and their chemical ingredients can serve as starting and/or model materials for pharmaceutical research and medicine production. Current areas of utilization constitute powerful drivers for the exploitation of these natural resources. Today’s demands, coupled with the already rather limited availability and potential exhaustion of these natural resources, make it necessary to take stock of them and our knowledge regarding research and development, production, trade and utilization, and especially from the viewpoint of sustainability. The series Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the World is aimed to look carefully at our present knowledge of this vast interdisciplinary domain on a global scale. In the era of global climatic change, the series is expected to make an important contribution to the better knowledge and understanding of MAPs. The Editor of the series is indebted for all of the support and encouragement received in the course of international collaborations started with his ISHS involvement, in 1977. Special thanks are due to Professor D. Fritz, Germany for making it possible. The encouragement and assistance of Springer Editor, Mrs. Melanie van Overbeek, has been essential in realizing this challenging book project. Thanks are due to the publisher - Springer Science+Business Media, The Netherlands - for supporting this global collaboration in the domain of medicinal and aromatic plants. We sincerely hope this book series can contribute and give further impetus to the exploration and utilization of our mutual global, natural treasure of medicinal and aromatic plants. Budapest, Prof. Dr. Ákos Máthé. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11192 Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Umesh Patil • Ákos Máthé Editors Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of South America Brazil Editors Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Umesh Patil Departamento de Botânica, Natural Product Research Laboratory Centro de Biociências Dr. Hari Singh Gour University Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Sagar, India Recife, Brazil Ákos Máthé Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture & Food Science West Hungarian University Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary ISSN 2352-6831 ISSN 2352-684X (electronic) Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the World ISBN 978-94-024-1550-6 ISBN 978-94-024-1552-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1552-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018958340 © Springer Nature B.V. 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature B.V. The registered company address is: Van Godewijckstraat 30, 3311 GX Dordrecht, The Netherlands Preface This book gathers information about a small variety of medicinal and aromatic plants that spontaneously grow or are cultivated in South America, and it is part of the series Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the World, conceived by Prof. Dr. Ákos Máthé. The plants are described in the form of short monographs and were selected according to the following criteria: (1) plants that are widely used in South America, and preferentially but not exclusively included in official programs of primary health care or (2) plants that are being investigated in the laboratories of researchers who accepted our invitation to collaborate on the present volume. We tried to present state-of-the-art information for each of the 43 species included in this book. The reader will realize that although some species were extensively studied, several popular claims about their therapeutic potential have not been sci- entifically determined. In South America, we only study a very small fraction of the available plants with alleged medicinal properties and do not even exhaust all of the research possibilities in these cases, which is likely true in other continents as well. We believe that several actions are required to change this scenario, including performing ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological studies that are more theo- retically and methodologically rigorous and performing systematic long-term stud- ies of the species that exhibit at least one interesting biological activity. In the meantime, the present book, together with the remaining volumes of this series, may constitute a reference guide for future research and public health professionals. Some chapters of this book are a contribution of the INCT Ethnobiology, Bioprospecting and Nature Conservation, certified by CNPq, with financial support from FACEPE (Foundation for Support to Science and Technology of the State of Pernambuco - Grant number: APQ-0562-2.01/17). Recife, Brazil Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Sagar, India Umesh Patil Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary Ákos Máthé v Contents Part I M edicinal and Aromatic Plants of South America South American Biodiversity and Its Potential in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Alissandra Trajano Nunes and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Chemical Diversity and Ethnopharmacological Survey of South American Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Species . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Rodney Alexandre Ferreira Rodrigues, Glyn Mara Figueira, Adilson Sartoratto, Lais Thiemi Yamane, and Verônica Santana de Freitas-Blanco Part II M edicinal and Aromatic Plants of Brazil Introduction to Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Ákos Máthé and José Crisólogo de Sales Silva Medicinal Plants and State Policy in South America: The Case of Colonial Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Maria Franco Trindade Medeiros Part III Selected Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Brazil Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Gabriela Granghelli Gonçalves, Maria Izabela Ferreira, and Lin Chau Ming Adiantum raddianum C. Presl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Rafael Corrêa Prota dos Santos Reinaldo, Ivanilda Soares Feitosa, Augusto César Pessôa Santiago, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque vii viii Contents Aloysia citriodora Palau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Julio Alberto Hurrell Anemopaegma arvense (Vell.) Stellfeld ex De Souza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Fúlvio Rieli Mendes and Luis Carlos Marques Aniba canellila (Kunth) Mez. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Lidiam Maia Leandro, Paula Cristina Souza Barbosa, Simone Braga Carneiro, Larissa Silveira Moreira Wiedemann, and Valdir Florêncio da Veiga-Junior Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Daniel Garcia, Marcos Roberto Furlan, and Lin Chau Ming Bauhinia forficata Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Valdir Cechinel Filho Byrsonima intermedia A. Juss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Raquel de Cássia dos Santos, Larissa Lucena Périco, Vinícius Peixoto Rodrigues, Miriam Sannomiya, Lúcia Regina Machado da Rocha, and Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Rogério de Aquino Saraiva, Izabel Cristina Santiago Lemos, Patricia Rosane Leite de Figueiredo, Luiz Jardelino de Lacerda Neto, Cícera Norma Fernandes Lima, Mariana Késsia Andrade Araruna, Renata Evaristo Rodrigues da Silva, Roseli Barbosa, Cícero Francisco Bezerra Felipe, Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes, and Marta Regina Kerntopf Clinopodium gilliesii (Benth.) Kuntze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Julio Alberto Hurrell Croton zehntneri Pax & K. Hoffm (Euphorbiaceae) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida, Ana Carolina Murta Ramalho, and Fernanda Guerra da Silveira Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 Wendy Marisol Torres-Avilez, Flávia dos Santos Silva, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Julio Alberto Hurrell Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth) Micheli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Maria Izabela Ferreira, Gabriela Granghelli Gonçalves, and Lin Chau Ming Contents ix Equisetum giganteum L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Ivanilda Soares Feitosa, Rafael Corrêa Prota dos Santos Reinaldo, Augusto César Pessôa Santiago, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Heteropterys tomentosa A. Juss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Fúlvio Rieli Mendes and Eliana Rodrigues Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 André Sobral, Alessandro Rapini, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Justicia pectoralis Jacq. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Carles Roersch Kalanchoe brasiliensis Camb. and Kalanchoe pinnata (Lamk.) Pers. . . . . . 265 Rosilene Gomes da Silva Ferreira, Nilma de Souza Fernandes, and Valdir Florêncio da Veiga-Junior Lantana camara L. and Lantana montevidensis (Spreng.) Briq. . . . . . . . . . 275 Erlânio O. de Sousa, Sheyla C. X. de Almeida, Sarah S. Damasceno, Camila B. Nobre, and José Galberto M. da Costa Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 Renata Evaristo Rodrigues da Silva, Isabel Cristina Santiago, Vanessa de Carvalho Nilo Bitu, Marta Regina Kerntopf, Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes, and Roseli Barbosa Lonchocarpus araripensis Benth. (Fabaceae) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida, Ana Carolina Murta Ramalho, and Fernanda Guerra da Silveira Lychnophora pinaster Mart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 Paulo Sérgio Siberti da Silva, Maria Aparecida Ribeiro Vieira, and Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques Marrubium vulgare L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 Valdir Cechinel Filho Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 Larissa Lucena Périco, Vinícius Peixoto Rodrigues, Luiz Fernando Rolim de Almeida, Ana Paula Fortuna-Perez, Wagner Vilegas, and Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima Mikania glomerata Spreng. & Mikania laevigata Sch.Bip. ex Baker . . . . . 337 Letícia M. Ricardo and Maria G. L. Brandão Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 Andrêsa Suana Argemiro Alves, Gilney Charll Santos, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Oxalis adenophylla Gillies ex Hook. & Arn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 Juan J. Ochoa and Ana Haydeé Ladio x Contents Phyllanthus niruri L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367 Valdir Cechinel Filho Pluchea carolinensis (Jacq.) G. Don . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 Carles Roersch Polygonum punctatum Elliott . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 Maria Izabela Ferreira, Gabriela Granghelli Gonçalves, and Lin Chau Ming Ptychopetalum olacoides Benth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 Leonardo Frasson dos Reis and Fúlvio Rieli Mendes Punica granatum L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413 André dos Santos Souza, José Ribamar de Souza Jr., Daniel Carvalho Pires Sousa, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421 Ana Cláudia Dantas Medeiros, Laianne Carla Batista Alencar, and Délcio de Castro Felismino Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431 Letícia Mendes Ricardo and Maria G. L. Brandão Tabebuia avellanedae Lorentz ex Griseb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439 Rainer W. Bussmann Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex Schult.) DC. and Uncaria guianensis (Aubl.) J.F. Gmell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453 Izaskun Urdanibia and Peter Taylor Valeriana carnosa Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465 Soledad Molares and Ana H. Ladio Ximenia americana L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477 Ana Cláudia D. Medeiros and Francinalva D. de Medeiros