Media and Crime in the U.S. 2 3 Media and Crime in the U.S. Yvonne Jewkes University of Brighton Travis Linnemann Eastern Kentucky University 4 FOR INFORMATION: SAGE Publications, Inc. 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 E-mail: [email protected] SAGE Publications Ltd. 1 Oliver’s Yard 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom SAGE Publications India Pvt. Ltd. B 1/I 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area Mathura Road, New Delhi 110 044 India SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd. 3 Church Street #10-04 Samsung Hub Singapore 049483 Copyright © 2018 by SAGE Publications, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Jewkes, Yvonne, author. | Linnemann, Travis, author. Title: Media and crime in the U.S. / Yvonne Jewkes, University of Brighton, Travis Linnemann, Eastern Kentucky University. Description: Thousand Oaks : Sage, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017009813 | ISBN 9781483373904 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Mass media and crime—United States. | Mass media and criminal justice—United States. | Crime in mass media. Classification: LCC P96.C742 U639 2018 | DDC 364.0973—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017009813 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Acquisitions Editor: Jessica Miller Editorial Assistant: Jennifer Rubio Content Development Editor: Laura Kirkhuff Marketing Manager: Amy Lammers Copy Editor: Rachel Keith Typesetter: C&M Digitals (P) Ltd. Proofreader: Dennis W. Webb 5 Indexer: Jean Casalegno Cover Designer: Scott Van Atta 6 Brief Contents 1. Acknowledgments 2. Introduction 3. Chapter 1 Theorizing Media and Crime 4. Chapter 2 The Construction of Crime News 5. Chapter 3 Media and Moral Panics 6. Chapter 4 Media Constructions of Children: “Evil Monsters” and “Tragic Victims” 7. Chapter 5 Media Misogyny: Monstrous Women 8. Chapter 6 The Police Image and Policing the Image 9. Chapter 7 Crime Movies and Prison Films 10. Chapter 8 Crime and the Surveillance Culture 11. Chapter 9 The Role of the Internet in Crime and Deviance 12. Chapter 10 (Re)Conceptualizing the Relationship Between Media and Crime 13. Glossary 14. References 15. Index 16. About the Authors 7 Detailed Contents Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1 Theorizing Media and Crime • Overview • Key Terms Media “Effects” Mass Society Theory Behaviorism and Positivism The Legacy of Effects Research Strain Theory and Anomie Marxism, Critical Criminology, and the “Dominant Ideology” Approach The Legacy of Marxism: Critical Criminology and Corporate Crime Pluralism, Competition, and Ideological Struggle Realism and Reception Analysis Late Modernity and Postmodernism Cultural Criminology • Summary • Study Questions • Further Reading Chapter 2 The Construction of Crime News • Overview • Key Terms News Values for a New Millennium Threshold Predictability Simplification Individualism Risk Sex Celebrity or High-Status Persons Proximity Violence or Conflict Visual Spectacle and Graphic Imagery Children Conservative Ideology and Political Diversion Two Examples of Newsworthy Stories Par Excellence The Murder of the Clutter Family and Truman Capote’s In Cold Blood 8 Anders Behring Breivik and the Spree Killing of 77 People in Norway News Production and Consumption in a Digital Global Marketplace: The Rise of the Citizen Journalist News Values and Crime News Production: Some Concluding Thoughts • Summary • Study Questions • Further Reading Chapter 3 Media and Moral Panics • Overview • Key Terms The Background of the Moral Panic Model How the Mass Media Turn the Ordinary Into the Extraordinary The Role of the Authorities in the Deviancy Amplification Process Defining Moral Boundaries and Creating Consensus Rapid Social Change—Risk Youth Problems With the Moral Panic Model A Problem With “Deviance” A Problem With “Morality” Problems With “Youth” and “Style” A Problem With “Risk” A Problem of “Source” A Problem With “Audience” The Longevity and Legacy of the Moral Panic Model: Some Concluding Thoughts • Summary • Study Questions • Further Reading Chapter 4 Media Constructions of Children: “Evil Monsters” and “Tragic Victims” • Overview • Key Terms Children as “Evil Monsters” Children as “Tragic Victims” Guilt, Collusion, and Voyeurism Moral Panics and the Revival of “Community”: Some Concluding Thoughts • Summary • Study Questions • Further Reading Chapter 5 Media Misogyny: Monstrous Women • Overview • Key Terms 9 Psychoanalytic Perspectives Feminist Perspectives Sexuality and Sexual Deviance Physical Attractiveness Bad Wives Bad Mothers Mythical Monsters Mad Cows Evil Manipulators Non-agents Honorable Fathers Versus Monstrous Mothers: Some Concluding Thoughts • Summary • Study Questions • Further Reading Chapter 6 The Police Image and Policing the Image • Overview • Key Terms The Mass Media and Fear of Crime The Police Image: Television and Film Cops and Reality TV Policing and Social Media Image Management • Summary • Study Questions • Further Reading Chapter 7 Crime Movies and Prison Films • Overview • Key Terms The Appeal of Crime Movies The Crime Movie: Masculinity, Autonomy, the City The “Prison Film” The Prison Film and the Power to Reform? The Documentary Documentary as Ethnography The Remake The Taking of Pelham One Two Three and The Taking of Pelham 123 Discussion Concluding Thoughts • Summary • Study Questions 10