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Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity by NK Cells PDF

641 Pages·1985·15.013 MB·English
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Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity by NK Cells Edited by Ronald B. Herberman Biological Therapeutics Branch Biological Response Modifiers Program National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Frederick Maryland ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (Harcourf Brace Jovanovich, Publishers] Orlando San Diego New York London Toronto Montreal Sydney Tokyo COPYRIGHT © 1985, BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Orlando, Florida 32887 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS INC. (LONDON) LTD. 24-28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 85-70441 ISBN 0-12-341370-2 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 85 86 87 88 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contributors Numbers in parentheses indicate the pages on which the authors' contributions begin. E. W. Ades (231), Department of Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laborator- ies, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268 Paola Allavena (617), Biological Therapeutics Branch, Biological Response Modi- fiers Program, DCT, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21701 Sumio Arai (489), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Medical School, Kumamoto, Japan Emira Ayroldi (421), Institute of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy Theodore F. Beals (195), Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Veterans Administration Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 J. G. Bekesi (117), Department öf Neoplastic Diseases, Mount Sinai Medical School, New York, New York 10029 Philip J. Bierman (465), Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center and the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68101 Isaac Bianca (335), Biological Response Modifiers Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21701 Robert Blumenthal (305), Laboratory of Theoretical Biology, NCI, National Insti- tutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205 Reinder L. H. Bolhuis (543, 631), Rotterdam Radio-Therepeutic Institute, Rotter- dam and Radiobiologieal Institute TNO, Rijswijk, The Netherlands Benjamin Bonavida (323, 477), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 91701 Claudio Bordignon (93), Department of Pathology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214 Colin G. Brooks (245, 263, 645), Basic Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104 Michael J. Brunda (397), Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, New Jersey 07110 xiii XIV Contributors Gordon F. Burns (589), Lions Clinical Cancer Research Laboratory, Clinical Re- search Unit of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Mel- bourne, Victoria, Australia Denis M. Callewaert (17, 381), Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48063 Kathleen Carine (213), UC San Diego Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 Olli Carpen (185), Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland William H. Chambers (351), Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Van- derbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37203 Allan R. Chen (287), Division of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27706 M. Culwell (231), Department of Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laborator- ies, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268 John P. Daley (93), Department of Pathology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214 Viveca Davatelis (397), Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, New Jersey 07110 Richard L. Deem (155), Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Wads- worth VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California and Departments of Medi- cine, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90024 Gino Degliantoni (29), The Wistar Institute for Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Günther Dennert (173), Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033 Patricia A. Fitzgerald (125), Laboratory of Herpesvirus Infections, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York James T. Forbes (351), Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37203 Guido Forni (433), Istituto di Microbiologia Universität, degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy Luigi Frati (433), Istituto di Patologia Generale Universität, degli Studi "La Sapienze", Rome, Italy Yoshiaki Fujimiya (521), Departments of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90007 Antonio Giampietri (421), Institute of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Peru- gia, Italy Ronald H. Goldfarb (137, 205, 263), Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Central Research Division, Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut R. J. van de Griend (631), Rotterdam Radio-Therepeutic Institute, Rotterdam and Radiobiological Institute TNO, Rijswijk, The Netherlands Maryanna Henkart (305), Immunology Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205 Contributors XV Pierre Henkart (305), Immunology Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205 Ronald B. Herberman (1, 335, 421, 433, 617), Biological Therapeutics, Biological Response Modifiers Program, DCT, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21701 J. P. Hester (507), Department of Hematology, The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston, Texas A. Hinson (231), Department of Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laborator- ies, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268 JohnC. Hiserodt (195), Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 Dorothy Hudig (71, 213), Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Uni- versity of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89507 Margot M. Ip (253), Grace Cancer Drug Center, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York Donald R. Johnson (361), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Eppley Institute for Research on Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, 68105 Joseph Kaplan (61, 103), Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201 Klas Karre (81), Department of Tumor Biology, Karolinska Institute, S-104 01 Stockholm, Sweden H. David Kay (263, 465), Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center and the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105 M. J. Keating (507), Department of Hematology, The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston, Texas Tatsuo Kiyohara (223), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Queen s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Lynell W. Klassen (465), Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105 Eva Klein (443), Department of Tumor Biology, Karolinska Institutet, S-104 01 Stockholm, Sweden Michiko Kobayashi (29), The Wistar Institute for Anatomy and Biology, Phil- adelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Hillel S. Koren (253, 287, 373, 607), Department ofMicrobiology and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27706 Katsuo Kumagai (489), Department of Microbiology, Tohoku University, School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan Abraham Kupfer (173), Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 Lewis L. Lanier (563), Becton Dickinson Monoclonal Center, Inc., Mountain View, California 94043 XVI Contributors Edmund C. Lattime (409), Immunobiology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Robert J. Lauzon (223), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Queen s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada KamH. Leung1 (253), Grace Cancer Drug Center, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York T. Juhani Linna (49), Central Research and Development Department, Glenolden Laboratory, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Glenolden, Pennsylvania Lucille London (29), The Wistar Institute for Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Carlos Lopez (125), Laboratory of Herpesvirus Infections, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York E. Lotzovä (507), Laboratory of I mmuno genetics, Department of General Surgery, The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston, Texas Stuart Macphail (409), Immunobiology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Norma H. Mahle (381), Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48063 E. J. Margalioth (117), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassh Uni- versity Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel Llewellyn Mason (617), Biological Therapeutics Branch, Biological Response Mod- ifiers Program, DCT, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21701 Maria-Grazia Masucci (443), Department of Tumor Biology, Karolinska Institutet, S-104 01 Stockholm, Sweden Graziella Migliorati (421), Institute of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Peru- gia, Italy Paul Millard (305), Immunology Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Be- thesda, Maryland 20205 Lory Minning (71, 213), UC Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 Madhavan P. N. Nair (453), Departments of Pediatrics and Epidemiology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 Ichiro Nakamura (93), Department of Pathology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214 Walter Newman (655), Department of Molecular Immunology, Ortho Pharmaceuti- cal Corporation, Raritan, New Jersey 08869 Thomas Oeltmann (351), Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37203 'Present address: Central Research and Development Department, Glenolden Laboratory, E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Glenolden, Pennsylvania. Contributors XVll John R. Ortaldo (335, 617), Biological Response Modifiers Program, DCT, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21701 Mahadev R. Patel (49), Central Research and Development Department, Glenolden Laboratory, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Glenolden, Pennsylvania Paul K. Pattengale (521), Departments of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90007 Graham Pawelec (655), Immunology Laboratory, Medizinische Klinik, D-7400 Tübingen, West Germany Peter Pereira (499), Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105 Bice Perussia (29), The Wistar Institute for Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Howard T. Petrie (465), Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center and the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68101 Joseph H. Phillips (563), Becton Dickinson Monoclonal Center, Inc., Mountain View, California 94043 Mario Piccoli (433), Istituto di Patologia Generale Universita, degli Studi "La Sapienze", Rome, Italy Sylvia B. Pollack (39, 499), Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105 Hugh F. Pross (529), Departments of Radiation Oncology and Microbiology and immunology, Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, Canada Oscar Ramos (443), Department of Tumor Biology, Karolinska lnstitutet, S-104 01 Stockholm, Sweden Doug Redelman (213), Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Navada 89507 Craig Reynolds (305), Biological Therapeutics Branch, NCI, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21701 Carlo Riccardi (421), Institute of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy Claire P. Robles (499), Department of Biological Structure, University of Washing- ton, Seattle, Washington 98105 John C. Roder (223), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Queen s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Robert C. Roozemond (477), Laboratory of Histology and Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Eero Saksela (185), Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland Angela Santoni (433), Istituto di Patologia Generale Universita, degli Studi "La Sapienze', Rome, Italy C. A. Savary (507), Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of General Surgery, The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hos- pital and Tumor Institute, Houston, Texas XV111 Contributors Thomas E. Schindler2 (125), Laboratory of Herpesvirus Infections, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York M. Schlesinger (117), Hubert H. Humphrey Center for Experimental Medicine and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Hadassh Medical School, Jeru- salem, Israel Stanley A. Schwartz (453), Departments of Pediatrics and Epidemiology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 William Seaman (245), Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, California, 94143 J. S. Singer (173), Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 Osias Stutman (409), Immunobiology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Ryuji Suzuki (489), Department of Microbiology, Tohoku University, School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan Satsuki Suzuki (489), Department of Microbiology, Tohoku University, School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan Stephan Targan (155), Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Wads- worth VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California and Departments of Medi- cine, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90024 Tuomo Timonen (599), Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland William W. Travis3 (607), Division of Immunology, Duke University Medical Cen- ter, Durham, North Carolina 27706 Tony Triglia (589), Lions Clinical Cancer Research Laboratory, Clinical Research Unit of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Giorgio Trinchieri (29), The Wistar Institute for Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Ismo Virtanen (185), Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland Elizabeth A. Wayner (263), Basic Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104 Monica Weitzen (477), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 21701 2Present address: Xytronyx, Inc., 10 West 35th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616. 3Present address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Hous- ton, Texas 77030. 4Present address: The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia. Contributors XIX Jerome A. Werkmeister (529, 589), Departments of Radiation and Oncology and Microbiology and Immunology, Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, Canada and Clinical Research Unit of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Peter Wernet (655), Immunology Laboratory, Medizinsche Klinik, D-7400 Tu- bingen, West Germany Stanley M. Wilbur (323), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 21701 Janet Woodcock (245), Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 Pascale Wortley (499), Department of Biological Structure, University of Washing- ton, Seattle, Washington 98105 Susan C. Wright (323), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 21701 Preface About a dozen years have elapsed since the first reports appeared of cytotoxic reactivity of lymphocytes from normal donors against tumor cell lines. While the phenomenon of natural cytotoxicity was at first considered by many immunologists to be an in vitro artifact and for several years was only studied by a few investigators, recent rapid advances in our understanding of these cells, coupled with mounting evidence for multiple in vivo functions, have catapulted work on NK cells into a major aspect of modern immunological research. In addition to their likely role in antitumor defenses, NK cells appear to play an important role in natural resistance to some viral and other microbial infections, in rejection of bone marrow transplants, and in regulation of other immune responses, including antibody production. Increasing suggestions for the in vivo importance of NK cells, along with rapid advances in the ability to purify and characterize NK cells, have stimulated the interest of increasing numbers of immunologists as well as scientists from other disciplines who, in turn, have applied new techniques to further enhance our under- standing of these cells and their functions. There have also been parallel advances in our insight in other natural effector cells, which also may make important contribu- tions to natural immunity against disease. The availability of highly purified popula- tions of effector cells, of monoclonal antibodies reactive with them, and of homogenous recombinant cytokines that affect their reactivity has led to particularly impressive progress in our understanding of the mechanism(s) by which NK cells lyse susceptible target cells and of the mechanisms of the regulation of NK activity. Attempts to help the scientific community stay abreast of the latest developments in this field have led to the publication of several review articles on different aspects of natural cell-mediated immunity, and up-to-date detailed summaries of findings from leading investigators in the field have been compiled in two major volumes: ''Natural Cell-Mediated Immunity against Tumors" (R. B. Herberman, editor; Academic Press Inc., 1980) and "NK Cells and Other Natural Effector Cells" (R. B. Herber- man, editor; Academic Press, Inc., 1982). The length of the latter work (over 1500 pages) and the continued rapid increase in the number of relevant publications in peer-reviewed journals attest to the fact that work in this field has become so extensive that it can no longer be adequately reported in breadth as well as depth. This volume is based on an international workshop on these topics, devoted to an extensive summary xxi

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