MCQs for Dentistry Third Edition MCQs for Dentistry Third Edition Kathleen FM Fan PhD, MBBS, BDS, FDSRCS (Eng), FRCS (Ed), FRCS (OMFS) Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon King’s College Hospital, London Judith Jones BDS, MSc, FDSRCS (Eng), PhD, FDS (OS), FHEA Reader / Honorary Consultant Department of Oral Surgery, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry Barry F. A. Quinn BDS, MSc, LDSRCS (Eng), MRDRCS (Ed), FDSRCPS(Glas), FFDRCS (Irel), FHEA Senior Specialist Clinical Teacher / Honorary Consultant Department of Restorative Dentistry and Integrated Clinical Care King’s College London Dental Institute © 2014 PASTEST LTD Egerton Court Parkgate Estate Knutsford Cheshire WA16 8DX Telephone: 01565 752000 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner. First Published 2014 ISBN: 1 905635 87 7 978 1 905635 87 0 ePub ISBN: 978 1 909491 81 6 Mobi ISBN: 978 1 909491 80 9 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. The information contained within this book was obtained by the authors from reliable sources. However, while every effort has been made to ensure its accuracy, no responsibility for loss, damage or injury occasioned to any person acting or refraining from action as a result of information contained herein can be accepted by the publishers or authors. PasTest Revision Books and Intensive Courses PasTest has been established in the field of postgraduate medical education since 1972, providing revision books and intensive study courses for doctors preparing for their professional examinations. Books, courses and online revision available for: Medical undergraduates, MRCGP, MRCP Parts 1 and 2, MRCPCH Parts 1 and 2, MRCS, MRCOG, DRCOG, DCH, FRCA, Dentistry. For further details contact: PasTest, Freepost, Knutsford, Cheshire WA16 7BR Tel: 01565 752000 www.pastest.co.uk Fax: 01565 650264 Contents Introduction 1 General Dentistry 2 Human Disease 3 Oral Medicine 4 Oral Pathology 5 Oral Surgery 6 Child Dental Health and Orthodontics 7 Therapeutics 8 Dental Materials 9 Radiology and Radiography 10 Restorative Dentistry Index Contributors Sanjeev Sood (3rd Ed) Senior Specialist Teacher (Honorary Teacher) Paediatric Dentistry King’s College Dental Institute, London Julia Costello BDS MSc (1st and 2nd Ed) Clinical Demonstrator, Department of Periodontology Guys Hospital, King’s College London Mandeep Ghuman BDS BSc (Hons) MFDS RCS (Eng) (1st and 2nd Ed) Senior House Officer Kent & Canterbury Hospital Canterbury, Kent Introduction Multiple choice questions have been used for many years as a way of testing a candidate’s knowledge and recall of information. Over the years, they have been in and out of vogue but a lot of courses have seen a resurgence in their usage recently. The cynics amongst you may think that MCQs are popular because they are easy to mark. Whatever the reason, they are an accepted and frequently used method of testing knowledge. The MCQs in this book are of the “true/false” variety. The questions will start with a statement or stem followed by a group of phrases. You need to mark each statement as to whether you think it is true or false. Each phrase is independent of the others in the group and there can be any combination of true and false phrases in a question. The aim is to get as many marks as possible so it is necessary to know how the questions are going to be marked. For example, if negative marking is used then you receive a mark for each correct answer and have a mark deducted for each wrong answer. This is important to know as guessing in this type of test will cause you to lose marks. However, if there is no negative marking it is possible to guess answers without losing marks. When doing MCQs, it is important to read the questions carefully and read what is written and not what you expect to read. For example, there are often little things in them to trip you up like double negatives. Rest assured, we have tried not to incorporate them in the questions in this book. Another tip is to look for questions that include words like “always” and “never” as these are often false. Each question usually has the same amount of marks so it is important to do the whole paper. As with most things, the only way to get good at MCQs is to practise them and this book will provide you with an opportunity to do that. Each question has the true answers listed on the following page and a short explanation about the questions to help your revision. This book is intended to help you practise MCQs to prepare for examinations in dentistry and is suitable for both undergraduates and postgraduates students. We hope you find it useful and wish you every success in your forthcoming examinations. Judith Jones, Kathy Fan & Barry Quinn 1 General Dentistry In May 2013 the General Dental Council (GDC) changed the regulations 1.1 regarding direct access. Which of the following statements are correct with regard to current direct access regulations? Dental nurses may participate in a preventive programme without the patient seeing the A dentist and prescribing this programme first Dental hygienists may prescribe and provide tooth whitening without the patient seeing B the dentist first Dental nurses may prescribe and take radiographs in order to streamline the C appointment when a patient is seen at a dental practice Dental therapists may see and provide treatment plans for patients and carry out D treatment within their scope of practice without the patient seeing the dentist first Orthodontic therapists may see patients and carry out an index of orthodontic treatment E need (IOTN) without the patient having to see the dentist first Fluoride application 1.2 Which of the following statements about 2.2% fluoride (F) varnish application are correct? A F varnish is contraindicated in patients who have ulcerative gingivitis B F varnish is contraindicated in children who have caries-free deciduous teeth F varnish is contraindicated in children who use toothpaste containing 1500 parts per C million (ppm) D F varnish is contraindicated in children who have contact dermatitis to iodine E F varnish is contraindicated in patients with amelogeneis imperfecta 1.1 ADE Dental nurses may participate in preventive programmes without the patient seeing the dentist and prescribing this programme first, provided that the dental nurse has been appropriately trained and is participating in a structured programme that provides dental public health. Tooth whitening may be carried out by dental hygienists provided that it has been prescribed by a dentist and the first application must occur under direct supervision of a dentist (this means that the dentist must be present on the premises at least when it occurs). Dentists (or hygienists) must prescribe radiographs although a suitably trained dental nurse may take radiographs after they have been prescribed. As with all things the individuals in these roles must be adequately trained and skilled before they undertake these duties. 1.2 A Fluoride varnish is best avoided in patients with ulcerative gingivitis and stomatitis. The Department of Health document, Delivering Better Oral Health. An evidence-based toolkit for prevention (2009), recommends that children aged 0–6 should have 2.2% fluoride varnish applied twice yearly, irrespective of whether they have caries-free deciduous teeth. Colophony contained in the varnish can cause allergic reactions in some individuals and hence it is advisable not to use F varnish on patients who have had allergic episodes requiring hospital admission. With regard to the scope of practice of different healthcare 1.3 professionals: A Clinical dental technicians (CDTs) provide complete dentures direct to patients B CDTs provide partial dentures direct to patients Dental technicians may provide repairs to dentures only if it prescribed by a C dentist D Dental therapists carry out all items of dental treatment direct to patients E Orthodontic therapists always work under prescription from a dentist Which of the following procedures may be undertaken by a registered dental 1.4 nurse provided that they have been appropriately trained? A Record dental charting and oral tissue assessment carried out by other registrants B Process dental radiographs C Take intra- and extraoral photographs D Take shades E Take radiographs The cusp or trait of Carabelli is normally found on which of the following 1.5 tooth/teeth? A Mandibular primary first molars B Mandibular secondary/permanent first molar