Description:Responding to the belief that typology was a later development of the early church, and not applicable to the earliest canonical Gospel, Jonathan Robinson stresses that typology has deep Jewish roots, and that typological modes of thought were a significant part of the Gospel’s historical and cultural background. He brings this insight to bear on four of the most dramatic miracles in Mark’s Gospel, discovering a surprisingly consistent typological approach.Essential to Robinson’s argument is the discovery of distinctive words and phrases taken from the Septuagint, that serve as unique indictors of Mark’s intent to refer back to miracles from the Jewish scriptures, pointing to influence from Jonah, David, Elisha and Moses. These references in turn provide insight into Mark’s Christology, revealing that Mark presents Jesus as both the fulfilment of scriptural human types and as assuming the narrative form of Israel’s God. Robinson argues that rather than imposing categories extracted from earlier Jewish literature like “divine identity” and “exalted human figures”, Mark should be allowed to speak on its own terms and with its own unique voice.In this study I argue for the presence of typological scripture use in the composition of four adjacent miracle accounts in Mark’s Gospel (4:35-41; 5:1-20; 5:21-43; 6:30-45). These episodes make sustained use of literary-narrative allusion to corresponding miracle accounts from the Jewish scriptures. While some of these allusions have been suggested before, this study argues for hitherto unnoticed allusions, as well as a consistent typological approach within Mark’s Gospel over several miracles. These miracle accounts contain verbal, narrative and thematic correspondences that, I will argue, are best explained by the presence of a scriptural typology. This compositional approach, which is here called literary typology, also reveals underlying theological and Christological convictions. These convictions situate Mark’s Jesus firstly as the denouement of salvation history through, what I will call, fulfilment typology; and secondly identify him with the God of Israel, which is expressed by, what I will call, theomorphic typology.Following an introductory chapter, I will show that elements of this typological approach are evident in several early Jewish texts prior to or contemporaneous with Mark, in order to demonstrate the historical plausibility of Mark employing such an approach. Then, a chapter will argue that this typological approach to scripture use is congruent with scripture use in other Christologically significant episodes of Mark’s Gospel. Following, the heart of this study consists of four exegetical chapters which argue for literary, fulfilment and theomorphic typologies in the four miracle accounts considered. These will suggest extended typological allusions to the scriptural narratives of Jonah, David, Elisha and Moses. They will also discuss the Christological significance of recognising each miracle’s implicit typology. Finally, the results of this study will be considered within the contemporary early high Christology debate, focussing especially on the work of Richard Bauckham, Richard Hays and Daniel Kirk. The applicability of their respective early Jewish paradigms of ‘divine identity’ and ‘exalted human figures’ to the Gospel of Mark will be evaluated, as well as suggestions of pre-existence Christology. The study will conclude that the presentation of Jesus in Mark’s Gospel is best understood according to its own categories and not according to those distilled from the diverse corpus of extant early Jewish writings. This study exposes a startlingly creative approach to scriptural typology which presents Mark’s Jesus as God’s unique eschatological representative, typologically figured as both servant and son, both human and divine. Thus, this study seeks to make an original contribution to the scholarly understanding of miracles, use of scripture, and Christology in the Gospel of Mark.