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Mandaic Incantation Texts PDF

433 Pages·1967·6.242 MB·English
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AMERICAN ORIENTAL SERIES VOLUME 49 EDITOR ERNEST BENDER AssociATE EDITORS WILLIAM W. HALLO GEORGE F. HOURANI EDWARD H. SCHAFER AMERICAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY NEW HAYEN, CONNECTICUT 1967 MANDAIC INCANTATION TEXTS BY EDWIN M. YAMAUCHI AMERICAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY NEW HAYEN, CONNECTICUT 1967 To KIMIE YAMAUCHI COPYRIGHT 1967 BY AMERICAN ORIENT.\L SOCIETY PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CUSHING•MALLOY, INC., ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS v ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS • • viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS • X Chapter . . . . . . . . . . I. INTRODUCTION 1 . . . . A. Aramaic Magical Bowls 2 . B. Mandaic Magical Incantations 4 . . . . . . c. The Clients 12 . . . . D. The Magicians 14 E. The Cursers 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . F. The Maleficent Agents 22 . . . . G. The Propitious Agents 35 H. The Incantations 44 . . . . I. The Praxis 54 . . . . J. Cultural Affinities 62 THE MANDAIC ALPHABET • 68 II. ORTHOGRAPHY 69 III. PHONETICS 75 IV. NUMERALS 84 v. PRONOUNS • 87 VI. NOUNS 95 VII. PARTICLES 103 . . . . VIII. PARADIGMATIC OUTLINE • 109 IX. VERBS 115 x. . . . . SYNTAX 136 v . . . . . . . . XI. TEXTS AND TRANSLATIONS • 153 . . . . . . . . . 1. Pognon, 1898, 1 154 . . . . 2. Pognon, 1898, 2 156 . . . . . 3. Pognon, 1898, 3 158 . 4. Pognon, 1898. 7 162 . . . . 5. Pognon, 1898, 13 164 . . . . 6. Pognon, 1898, 14 168 . . . . . 7. Pognon, 1898, 15 172 . . . . 8. Pognon, 1898, 16 176 . . . . . . . . 9. Pognon, 1898, 18 182 . . . . . . . . . 10. Pognon, 1898, 22 186 . . . . 11. Pognon, 1898, 23 190 . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. Pognon, 1898, 24 194 . .. . . 13. Pognon, 1898, 27 198 . . . . 14. Pognon, 1898, 28 202 15. Pognon, 1898, 29 204 . . . . 16. Pognon, 1898, 31 208 . . . . . . . . . 17. Pognon, 1892 212 . . . . . . . . . . . . 18. Lidzbarski, 1902, I 216 . . . . . 19. Lidzbarski, 1902, II 222 20. Lidzbarski, 1902, IV 226 . . . . . . 21. Liazbarski, 1902, v 230 . . . . . . . . . 22. Lidzbarski, 1909 234 23. Montgomery, 1913, 38 256 . . . . 24. Montgomery, 1913, 39 260 25. Montgomery, 1913, 40 262 . . . . . . . . 26. Gordon, 1937. M 266 . . . . . . . . . 27. Gordon, 1937. N • 272 vi . . . . . . 28. Gordon, .1,.937, 0 276 . . 29. Gordon, 1941, Fitzwilliam 280 . . 30. Gordon, 1941, Hilprecht 284 . . 31. Gordon, 1941, MalmB 288 . . . . . 32. Gordon, 1941, Princeton 292 33. Yamauchi, 1966, Yale 296 GLOSSARIES A. General Glossary 306 B. Angels, Gods, and Demons 364 C. Proper Names 368 D. Magical Formulae 372 BIBLIOGRAPHIES I. MANDAICA A. Sources 373 B. Discussions • 374 II. MAGIC A. Mandaic 378 B. Aramaic and Syriac 379 C. Mesopotamian 383 D. Egyptian 387 E. Graeco-Egyptian 388 F. Coptic and Ethiopic • 39C G. Greek and Roman • 391 H. Ancient • 392 Isra~lite I. Jewish 393 J. Muslim· 395 SELECTED PLATES 39E INDEX OF AUTHORS • 41{ vii ABBREVIATIONS AND SYJI1BOLS £.f0 Archiv f~r Orientforschugg. ArO Archiv Orientalnl. ~ Bullet~! the American Schools of Oriental Research. Ges. Gesenius, W., Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch and A. E. Cowley, (1960). Harvard Theological Review. Hebrew Union College Annual. Journal of the American Oriental Socie1I. Journal of Egyptian Archaeologl• Journal of Near Eastern Studies. Journal of the Rolal Asiatic Societl· Ma. Macuch, Rudolf, Handbook of Classical and Modern Man daic. Mo. Montgomery, James, Aramaic Incantation Texts from Nipnur. MANL Memorie dell'Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. Hitteilungen de£ altorientalischen Gesellschaft. Monatsschrift fUr Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums. MIO Mitteilungen des Instituts fUr Orientforschugg. N. NBldeke, Theodor, Mandaische Grammatik. Or Orientalia. P. Pognon, Henri, Inscriptions mandaites des Coupes d~ Khouabir. viii Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeologl· ~~ Res. Rossell, William H., A Handbook of Aramaic Magical Texts. ~~ssyriologie et d'archeologie orientale. a a Recueil de travaux relatifs la philolog!e et .! 'archeologie egyptie!ill_!Let a.§_§,yri~. Studia Biblica et Orientalia. ~ Tidi Theologische Literaturzeitung. Transactions of the of Biblical ArchaeoloSl• ~ Socie~ ZA Zeitschrift fUr Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete. Zeitschrift der Deutschen morgenlAndischen Gesellschaft. ~ [ ] Restorations. [N.B. When a superscribed x ( ) Scribal omissions. appears, see pp. 418 ff. for ( } Scribal plusses. addenda and errata.] M Uncertain readings. Text references in brackets, e.g. [1:13] are to the Man daic texts in the writer's doctoral dissertation, Mandaean Incan tation Text2, which forms the basis for the present work. Copies of the latter, which incorporates all of the hitherto published Mandaic magic bowl texts, may be obtained from University Micro films, Ann Arbor, Michigan. The Mandaic alphabet and our system of transcription into Hebrew letters may be found on p. 68. Just before the MS. went to the printers, Professor Macuch pointed out that my arbitrary use of n instead of ~ for Mandaic Ha, and my use of ~ instead of ~ for final Eh may cause confusion. For a clarification of both the phonology and the orthography involved see sections 2.3 and 3.16. ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I should like to acknowledge my indebtedness to those who have helped to make this study possible. My greatest debt has been to Professor Cyrus H. Gordon for his stimulating instruction and for his expert guidance in the field of Mandaic and Aramaic magical texts. I should also wish to thank my other professors for their rewarding instruction: Dr. Dwight Young in Akkadian and in E~yp­ tian, Dr. Joseph de Somogyi in Arabic, and Dr. Baruch Levine in Aramaic and in Syriac. My thanks go also to Dr. William W. Rallo and Dr. Franz Rosenthal of Yale University, and to Dr. Ferris J. Stephens of the American Oriental Society for their encouragement and advice during the preparation of this manuscript for publication. I am grateful to the Rutgers Research Council for subvention funds to aid in the publication of this work. X

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