Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Movement Disorders A Guide for Clinicians and Scientists Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Movement Disorders A Guide for Clinicians and Scientists Paul Tuite DirectorofMovementDisordersandAssociateProfessorintheDepartmentofNeurologyatthe UniversityofMinnesota,Minneapolis,MN,USA Alain Dagher AssociateProfessor,MontrealNeurologicalInstitute,McGillUniversity,Montreal,QC,Canada UniversityPrintingHouse,CambridgeCB28BS,UnitedKingdom PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversity Press,NewYork CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthe pursuitofeducation,learningandresearchatthehighestinternational levelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107026360 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2013 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2013 PrintedinSpainbyGrafosAS,Artesobrepapel AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationdata Magneticresonanceimaginginmovementdisorders:aguidefor cliniciansandscientists/[editedby]PaulTuite,AlainDagher. p.;cm. Includesbibliographicalreferences. ISBN978-1-107-02636-0(Hardback) I. Tuite,Paul II. Dagher,Alain. [DNLM:1. MovementDisorders. 2. MagneticResonanceImaging– methods. 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Contents List of contributors vi Preface ix List of abbreviations x List of key words xii 1 Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) 10 Neuroimaging of Gilles de laTourette methodsin Parkinson’sdisease 1 syndrome 121 Yulia Worbe and Andreas Hartmann Silvia Mangia, Shalom Michaeli, and Paul Tuite 11 Dystonia 134 2 Imaging iron in Parkinson’sdisease 14 BernhardHaslinger W. R. Wayne Martin 12 Tauopathies 147 3 Motor Parkinson’sdiseaseand structure 26 Jennifer L.Whitwell and Keith A. Josephs StephaneLehericy,Cyril Poupon, 13 Magnetic resonance imagingof multiple and Cecile Gallea system atrophy 167 4 MR imaging of Parkinson’sdisease Klaus Seppi, Christoph Mueller, GregorK. Wenning,and MichaelSchocke with cognitive impairment and dementia 44 RichardCamicioli 14 Ataxia 204 5 FunctionalMRI of motor signs in Kathrin Reetz and FerdinandBinkofski Parkinson’s disease 57 15 Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Tobias Wächter Parkinson’s disease 229 6 FunctionalMRI of cognition andmood Uzay E. Emir andGülin Öz in Parkinson’sdisease 72 16 Theimageofessentialtremor:current Alison Simioniand Alain Dagher neuroimagingandcluestodisease 7 Networks andresting state in localization,pathogenesis,anddiagnosis 238 Parkinson’s disease 84 Hiral Shah andElan D.Louis Nazanin Baradaran and 17 Clinicalapplications 246 Martin J. McKeown Michael Samuel andJozef Jarosz 8 MRI for targeting in surgical treatment of 18 MRI inclinical trials 264 movement disorders 94 Norbert Schuff Aviva Abosch andNoam Harel 9 Magnetic resonance imagingand spectroscopy in Huntington’sdisease 106 Isabelle Iltis and Janet Dubinsky Index 271 v Contributors AvivaAbosch, MD, PhD Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota Medical Department of Neurosurgery, University School, Minneapolis, MN, USA of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, AndreasHartmann MN, USA Département de Neurologie, Pôle des Maladies du Nazanin Baradaran, MD Système Nerveux, and Centre de Recherche de Pacific Parkinson’s Research Centre, University of l’Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada UPMC/INSERM, Paris, France FerdinandBinkofski Bernhard Haslinger Division for Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience, NeurologischeKlinikundPoliklinik,Klinikumrechts Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen derIsar,TechnischeUniversitätMünchen,München, University, Aachen, Germany Germany Richard Camicioli, MD Isabelle Iltis, PhD Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA AlainDagher,MD Jozef Jarosz Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, DepartmentofNeuroradiology,King’sCollegeHospital, Montreal, QC, Canada King’sHealthPartners,DenmarkHill,London,UK Janet Dubinsky, PhD Keith A.Josephs, MD, MST, MSc Department of Neuroscience, University of Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA MN, USA Uzay E. Emir, PhD StephaneLehericy, MD, PhD Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), ICM – Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Department of Radiology, Medical School, CENIR – Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Cecile Gallea, PhD Centre de Recherche de l’Institut du Cerveau ICM – Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, et de la Moelle épinière; Inserm and CNRS, CENIR – Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche, Paris, France Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere; Université ElanD.Louis, MD, MS Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière; Department of Neurology; the Taub Institute for Inserm and CNRS, Paris, France Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain; the GH Sergievsky Center, College of Noam Harel,PhD Physicians and Surgeons; and Department of vi Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Radiology and Department of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA Listofcontributors Silvia Mangia,PhD NorbertSchuff,PhD Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Minneapolis, MN, USA Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, W. R. WayneMartin,MD, FRCPC San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada Klaus Seppi,MD Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical Martin J. McKeown, BEng,MD, FRCP(C) University, Innsbruck, Austria Pacific Parkinson’s Research Centre; Departments of Neuroscience, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hiral Shah, MD and Medicine (Neurology), University of British Department of Neurology, College of Physicians Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA Shalom Michaeli, PhD Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Alison Simioni Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Minneapolis, MN, USA Montreal, QC, Canada Christoph Mueller,MD Paul Tuite, MD Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical Department of Neurology, University, Innsbruck, Austria University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Gülin Öz, PhD TobiasWächter,MD Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), German Centre of Neurodegenerative DepartmentofRadiology,MedicalSchool,University Diseases (DZNE), and Department of of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Neurodegenerative Diseases at the Centre of Cyril Poupon,PhD Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, CEA, NeuroSpin, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France Tübingen, Germany Kathrin Reetz JARA – Translational Brain Medicine, Department Gregor K. Wenning,MD, PhD,MSc of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical Germany University, Innsbruck, Austria MichaelSamuel Jennifer L.Whitwell,PhD Department of Neurology, King’s College Hospital, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, King’s Health Partners, Denmark Hill, London, UK MN, USA MichaelSchocke, MD Yulia Worbe, PhD Department of Radiology, Innsbruck Medical Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University, Innsbruck, Austria Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK vii