David V. Keyson · Olivia Guerra-Santin Dan Lockton Editors Living Labs Design and Assessment of Sustainable Living Living Labs David V. Keyson · Olivia Guerra-Santin Dan Lockton Editors Living Labs Design and Assessment of Sustainable Living 1 3 Editors David V. Keyson Dan Lockton Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering School of Design Delft University of Technology Royal College of Art Delft London The Netherlands UK Olivia Guerra-Santin Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands ISBN 978-3-319-33526-1 ISBN 978-3-319-33527-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-33527-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016943822 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland Contents Part I Introduction 1 Towards Sustainable Living . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Arjan van Timmeren and David V. Keyson 2 The Emergence of Living Lab Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Natalia Romero Herrera 3 Social Practices as a Main Focus in Living Lab Research . . . . . . . . . 23 Marco Hasselkuß, Carolin Baedeker and Christa Liedtke 4 Green Economy as a Framework for Product-Service Systems Development: The Role of Sustainable Living Labs . . . . . . . 35 Carolin Baedeker, Christa Liedtke and Maria Jolanta Welfens Part II Research Methods for Living Labs 5 Living Labs to Accelerate Innovation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 David V. Keyson, Gregory M. Morrison, Carolin Baedeker and Christa Liedtke 6 Splashing: The Iterative Development of a Novel Type of Personal Washing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Lenneke Kuijer 7 Design with Intent and the Field of Design for Sustainable Behaviour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Dan Lockton 8 Architectural Research in Living Labs: Exploring Occupier Driven Changes in Homes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Paula Femenias, Liane Thuvander, Cecilia Holmström, Lina Jonsdotter and Madeleine Larsson v vi Contents Part III Sustainable Living Labs 9 DARE2Build . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Shea Hagy, Peter Selberg, Larry Toups and Paula Femenias 10 The Storyline for the Design Process that Shaped the HSB Living Lab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Peter Elfstrand, Gregory M. Morrison, Larry Toups and Shea Hagy 11 Exploring the German Living Lab Research Infrastructure: Opportunities for Sustainable Products and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Justus von Geibler, Carolin Baedeker, Christa Liedtke, Holger Rohn and Lorenz Erdmann Part IV Living Labs and User Engagement 12 In-Situ and Mixed-Design Interventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Natalia Romero Herrera 13 Co-creation in Living Labs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Shea Hagy, Gregory M. Morrison and Peter Elfstrand 14 Participatory Drawing in Ethnographic Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Flora Bowden, Dan Lockton, Rama Gheerawo and Clare Brass 15 Actor and Network Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Carolin Baedeker, Marco Hasselkuß and Johannes Buhl 16 Design Participation in Sustainable Renovation and Living . . . . . . . . 205 Stella Boess 17 Supporting Iterative Research and Design Explorations in the Living Lab Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Tomasz Jaskiewicz, David V. Keyson and Jantien M. Doolaard 18 Recruitment of Participants (Households in City District and Companies) for Insight Research and Prototyping . . . . . . . . . . . 241 Kamil Folta, Dan Lockton and Flora Bowden Part V Sustainable Production and Consumption 19 Analysing Social Milieus and Lifestyles—Their Contribution to a Better Understanding of Heating Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Johannes Buhl, Kathrin Greiff, Carolin Baedeker and Christa Liedtke 20 Material and Carbon Footprint of Household Activities . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Kathrin Greiff, Jens Teubler, Carolin Baedeker, Christa Liedtke and Holger Rohn 21 FoodWatch and Food Resource Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 Jesper Knutsson Contents vii Part VI C ase Studies on Exploring Energy Feedback and Visualisation with Users 22 Making Energy Feedback Understandable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 David V. Keyson and Natalia Romero Herrera 23 Powerchord: Exploring Ambient Audio Feedback on Energy Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 Dan Lockton, Flora Bowden and Claire Matthews 24 Designing Ampul: Empowerment to Home Energy Prosumers . . . . . 309 Natalia Romero Herrera, Jaap Rutten and David V. Keyson 25 Energy Feedback Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 Tomasz Jaskiewicz, Aadjan van der Helm and David V. Keyson Part VII Understanding Comfort and Energy Practices in Residential Buildings 26 Relationship Between Building Technologies, Energy Performance and Occupancy in Domestic Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 Olivia Guerra-Santin 27 Influence of User-Behavior on Energy Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 Tanja Lovrić and Viktor Grinewitschus Part VIII The Way Forwards: Business Models for Living Labs 28 Concept House Village; A Next Step in the Development of Sustainable Housing in the Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371 Sacha Silvester, Bert Hooijer, Ria van Oosterhout and Floor van der Kemp 29 Commercial Consortia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 Maria Ådahl 30 Business Models for Sustainability in Living Labs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 Mike Burbridge, Gregory M. Morrison, Menno van Rijn, Sasha Silvester, David V. Keyson, Lali Virdee, Carolin Baedeker and Christa Liedtke 31 Reflecting on LivingLabs and Future Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 David V. Keyson and Carolin Baedeker Contributors Maria Ådahl Johanneberg Science Park, Göteborg, Sweden Carolin Baedeker Wuppertal Institute for Climate Environment Energy, Wuppertal, Germany Stella Boess Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands Flora Bowden SustainRCA, Royal College of Art, London, UK Clare Brass SustainRCA, Royal College of Art, London, UK Johannes Buhl Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment, Energy, Wuppertal, Germany Mike Burbridge Curtin University Sustainability Policy (CUSP) Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia Jantien M. Doolaard Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands Peter Elfstrand Tengbom Architecture, Gothenburg, Sweden Lorenz Erdmann Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, Karlsruhe, Germany Paula Femenias Department of Architecture, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden Kamil Folta Innovation City Management GmbH, Bottrop, Germany Justus von Geibler Wuppertal Institute for Climate Environment and Energy, Wuppertal, Germany Rama Gheerawo Helen Hamlyn Centre for Design, Royal College of Art, London, UK Kathrin Greiff Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy, Wuppertal, Germany ix x Contributors Viktor Grinewitschus University of Applied Science Ruhr West, Mülheim, Bottrop, Germany Olivia Guerra-Santin Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands Shea Hagy Building Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden Marco Hasselkuß Wuppertal Institute for Climate Environment Energy, Wuppertal, Germany Aadjan van der Helm Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands Natalia Romero Herrera Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands Cecilia Holmström Tengbom Architects, Stockholm, Sweden Bert Hooijer Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Tomasz Jaskiewicz Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands Lina Jonsdotter Department of Architecture, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden Floor van der Kemp Building Changes, Rotterdam, The Netherlands David V. Keyson Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands Jesper Knutsson Chalmers University of Technology, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gothenburg, Sweden Lenneke Kuijer Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of T echnology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands Madeleine Larsson Department of Architecture, Chalmers University of Technol- ogy, Gothenburg, Sweden Christa Liedtke Wuppertal Institute for Climate Environment Energy, Wuppertal, Germany Dan Lockton Royal College of Art, London, UK Tanja Lovrić University of Applied Science Ruhr West, Mülheim, Bottrop, G ermany Claire Matthews Independent, London, UK Gregory M. Morrison Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia Ria van Oosterhout Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Menno van Rijn Bax and Willems, Barcelona, Spain Holger Rohn Trifolium – Beratungsgesellschaft mbH, Friedberg, Germany Contributors xi Jaap Rutten Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands Peter Selberg Building Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden Sacha Silvester Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands Jens Teubler Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy, Wuppertal, Germany Liane Thuvander Department of Architecture, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden Arjan van Timmeren Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands Larry Toups Johnson Space Centre, NASA, Houston, Texas, USA; Chalmers U niversity, Gothenburg, Sweden Lali Virdee Institute for Sustainable Futures, London, UK Maria Jolanta Welfens Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment, Energy, Wuppertal, Germany