NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This fonn is for use in nominating or requesting detenninations for individual properties and dist~icts. See ilfililf'l.i~ in National Relg!ilslit9er 8Q Bulletin, How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. If any ttem does nJn1GVIrl'fVe~ documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of sig;';mcancc, c!n1'er~ categories and subcategories from the instructions. NOV 0 6 2015 1. Name of Property Nat R · t f Historic name: Lincoln Place Apartments . eg_IS er 0 Historic Places Other names/site number: Natrona! Park Service ------------------------------------- Name of related multiple property listing: N/A (Enter "N/A " if property is not part of a multiple property listing 2. Location Street & number: Lake A venue, Frederick Street, Penmar Av enue and an alley on the south City or town: Los ADngel es SDtate: ___ _C,""A"-"---County: Los Angeles Not For Publication: Vicinity: 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this __x_ nomination _ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property _x_ meets _does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant at the following level(s) of significance: national _statewide _!_local Applicable National Register Criteria: _!_A B _!_C _D ~ ~ State Historic Preservation Officer ~,nature of certifying officialrfitlc: Date oq- alifornia Office of Historic Preservation ?;o 'V1i\ ( State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government In my opinion, the property _ meets _ does not meet the National Register criteria. Signature of commenting official: Date Title: State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government Sections 1-6 page I United States Department of the Interior National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Lincoln Place Apartments Los Angeles, California Name of Property County and State 4. National Park Service Certification r herci1(c ertify that this property is: -~- en1tt:erred in the National Register _determined eligible for the National Register _determined not eligible for the National Register _removed from the National Register _other (explain:) _________ Si Date of Action 5. Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as0 app ly.) Private: D Public - Local 0 Public- State D Public-Federal Category of Property (Check only one box.) 0 Building(s) D District D Site D Structure D Object Sections 1-6 page 2 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Lincoln Place Apartments Los Angeles, California Name of Property County and State Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count) Contributing Noncontributing 122 (45 apartments + 77 ancillary buildings) 16 ____ buildings 1 _______ _____________ sites _______ ____ _____________ structures _____________ _____________ objects 123__________ 16______ ____ Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register _________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) Domestic-Multiple Dwelling ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) Domestic-Multiple Dwelling ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ Sections 1-6 page 3 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Lincoln Place Apartments Los Angeles, California Name of Property County and State _____________________________________________________________________ 7. Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions.) _Modern Movement: Mid-century Modern ___________________ ___________________ Materials: (enter categories from instructions.) Principal exterior materials of the property: Cement plaster, wood, concrete block Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current physical appearance and condition of the property. Describe contributing and noncontributing resources if applicable. Begin with a summary paragraph that briefly describes the general characteristics of the property, such as its location, type, style, method of construction, setting, size, and significant features. Indicate whether the property has historic integrity.) ______________________________________________________________________________ Summary Paragraph The Lincoln Place Apartments (Lincoln Place) is a garden apartment complex located in the Venice community of the City of Los Angeles, immediately south of the City of Santa Monica and approximately 1.5 miles from Venice Beach. It occupies an approximately 38-acre site bounded by Lake Avenue on the north, Frederick Street on the west, Penmar Avenue on the East and an alley on the south. Originally, there were 52 multi-family apartment buildings (795 residential units) on the site designed in a simplified, Mid-Century Modern style. In 2003, seven buildings (99 units) were demolished, leaving 45 original apartment buildings on the site. There are an additional 77 original ancillary structures (primarily garages and laundries), which are concentrated behind the residential buildings and accessible from alleys. Lincoln Place overall retains a high degree of integrity, and the recent rehabilitation and new construction comply with the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation. The Lincoln Place Apartments complex retains integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. ______________________________________________________________________________ Narrative Description The Lincoln Place Apartments is composed of a series of garden apartment buildings, garages and laundries representing the postwar expression of Garden City planning principles and the Garden City movement in America. The approximately 38-acre property is a large, trapezoidal- shaped superblock. Within the complex, apartment buildings are set back from curved streets and oriented around ample green space with over 350 mature trees. Building entrances are oriented inwards, away from the major streets. The open spaces within the complex feature meandering Section 7 page 4 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Lincoln Place Apartments Los Angeles, California Name of Property County and State paths for pedestrian circulation, removed from automobile circulation. Access to parking and the garages is via a system of small alleyways traversing the perimeters of each section of the development. Co-located laundries further differentiate commercial and automobile space from residential space. The apartment buildings are largely composed of a building module repeated and combined in U-, L-, C-, Z-, and I-shapes to yield diversified spatial arrangements while maintaining architectural unity throughout the complex. The basic building module is a rectangular block of two stories, wood frame construction, and smooth cement plaster exterior wall cladding with panels of horizontal wood siding. The roofs are shallow, nearly flat hipped roofs with a broad overhangs and rolled asphalt roof cladding. There are balconies at the upper story units with wood trim and patios with low cement block walls. The color of the cement plaster and wood trim and the decorative details vary between buildings. Some blocks feature one-story “bungalow” units on their flanks that lend variation to the scale and massing of the complex. There is both symmetrical and asymmetrical placement of entrances, with unique wood-frame decorative elements at each entrance. Above each entrance is a large, fixed wood window with a unique geometric pattern of wood and glass, lending individuality to each apartment block. Other fenestration consists of wood frame, one-over-one, double-hung windows in singles or pairs. Other common building typologies on the site include one-story, free-standing laundry buildings and long, single-loaded, one-story parking structures. The apartment buildings comprise four different unit plan layouts (A, B, C, D). The most common plan is Unit A, a one-bedroom/one-bath layout. Units B and D are two-bedroom/one- bath layouts. Unit C apartments are one-story, two-bedroom/one-bath bungalows, attached to the two-story buildings. The majority of Unit A apartments have a patio on the ground floor with a corresponding balcony above. Most Unit C cottages have a ground floor patio, while few B and D units have patios. Each of the apartments has a living room and an eat-in kitchen. These designs allow a free flow between rooms as well as from indoors to outdoors. The site plan, architectural design, and unit plan layouts reflect the FHA guidelines set forth for properties receiving FHA-insured loans under Section 608 of Title VI of the Housing Act of 1934. Revised to reflect postwar needs, the 1947 guidelines included the location of complexes near the business districts of a city and offer complete facilities for family life. The guidelines did not set standards for specific architectural styles, but stated clear preferences for simple, direct designs that relied on scale, mass and proportions for their effect and avoided ornamentation. Garden-types of apartment complexes were encouraged, reflecting the national planning interest in the English Garden City movement and its ongoing adaptation to housing needs in America. Section 7 page 5 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Lincoln Place Apartments Los Angeles, California Name of Property County and State Character-defining features of the Lincoln Place Apartments include: • Site planning in the superblock concept • Curved walkways • Park space/green open space • Separate circulation systems for pedestrians and automobiles • Orientation of apartment buildings away from streets toward courtyards and green spaces or buildings facing streets with deep setbacks • Irregular landscaping • Low-scale development • Communal facilities such as courtyards, collective parking areas and laundry buildings • Rectangular volumes (block like massing of buildings) • Simple, Modernist materials like stucco and wood • Varied geometric windows and openings with wood trim at entrances of buildings, unified by a consistent architectural language • Geometric openings at balconies • Wood-framed windows grouped in twos and threes • Double-hung windows with two-over-two horizontally divided lights • Indoor/outdoor living spaces such as patios, balconies and landscaped recreation areas The addresses of the buildings that contribute to the significance of Lincoln Place are: • Building 1, 960-968 Elkland Place • Building 2, 972-980 Elkland Place • Building 3, 1048-1058 Doreen Place • Building 4, 1040-1044 Doreen Place • Building 5, 1002 Elkgrove Avenue, 1032-1036 Doreen Place • Building 6, 1006-1012 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 7, 1016-1026 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 8, 1403-1407 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 9, 1411-1417 Elkgrove Circle • Building 10, 1419-1427 Elkgrove Circle • Building 11, 1431-1437 Elkgrove Circle • Building 12, 1434-1446 Elkgrove Circle • Building 13, 1430-1434 Elkgrove Circle • Building 14, 1422-1426 Elkgrove Circle • Building 15, 1410-1418 Elkgrove Circle • Building 16, 1402-1406 Elkgrove Circle • Building 17, 1034-1042 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 18, 1046-1054 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 19, 1056-1062 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 20, 1064-1070 Elkgrove Avenue Section 7 page 6 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Lincoln Place Apartments Los Angeles, California Name of Property County and State • Building 21, 1072-1076 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 22, 1080-1086 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 23, 1088-1092 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 24, 1110-1114 Lake Street • Building 25, 1118-1120 Lake Street • Building 26, 1130-1138 Lake Street • Building 27, 1505-1515 Penmar Avenue • Building 28, 1521-1533 Penmar Avenue • Building 29, 1601-1613 Penmar Avenue • Building 30, 1621-1633 Penmar Avenue • Building 31, 1701-1713 Penmar Avenue • Building 32, 1721-1733 Penmar Avenue • Building 33, 1741-1753 Penmar Avenue • Building 34, 1037 Doreen Place and 1070 Frederick Street and 971-979 Elkland Place • Building 35, 1021 Doreen Place and 1032 Frederick Street and 970-978 Elkhart Place • Building 36, 1030-1038 Lake Street • Building 37, 1061-1077 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 38, 1049-1057 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 39, 1033-1041 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 40, 1025-1029 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 41, 1017-1023 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 42, 1007-1013 Elkgrove Avenue • Building 43, 1003 Elkgrove Avenue and 1018-1022 Doreen Place • Building 44, 1000-1014 Doreen Place • Garages, 1-73 The following building(s) do not contribute to the significance of the property: • Building 45, 1002-1012 Frederick Street, 934-936 Lake Street, 973-977 Elkhart Place • Building 46, Pool House/Fitness Center, 1024 Lake Street • Building 47, Leasing Center, 1050 Frederick Street • Building 48, 1042 Frederick Street • Building 49, 1056 Frederick Street • Building 50, 1023 Doreen Place • Building 51, 1027 Doreen Place • Building 52, 1033 Doreen Place • Building 53, 942 Lake Street • Building 54, 948 Lake Street • Building 55, 956 Lake Street • Building 56, 982 Lake Street • Building 57, 1000 Lake Street • Building 58, 1008 Lake Street Section 7 page 7 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Lincoln Place Apartments Los Angeles, California Name of Property County and State • Building 59, 1016 Lake Street • Building 60, 1020 Lake Street Integrity The period of significance for the Lincoln Place Apartments is 1949-1951, reflecting the original construction period as established through historic building permits and certificates of occupancy. Although the first permits were issued in 1949, alteration permits were applied for and granted as the architects and developers refined the placement of the buildings, floor plans for the units, and designs for the exterior spaces. In 2001, seven buildings along the perimeter of the Lincoln Place complex were demolished, and one building (973 Elkhart Place) was significantly altered. Exterior alterations to 973 Elkhart Place include the removal of decorative details from the façade, the addition of other decorative details, and the enclosure of outdoor space. In 2015, the construction of 15 new residential buildings (housing 99 new residential units) and 17 garage buildings was completed; these buildings were constructed in place of the buildings that had been demolished in 2001. The remainder of the complex was rehabilitated according to the Secretary of the Interior Standards utilizing Federal Rehabilitation Tax Credits. The exterior wall cladding was cleaned and repaired as necessary where cracks and inconsistent patching existed. All windows, with the exception of Building 45, were repaired and retained. The original windows in Building 45 were replaced with double-hung vinyl windows. All wooden details were repaired, replaced in-kind, and/or repainted as necessary. Existing ornamental railings were repaired, restored, and/or painted as necessary. Although there has been infill construction completed outside the period of significance, the Lincoln Place Apartments overall retains integrity and continues to convey its historic significance. The buildings individually and collectively retain significant character defining features of their original designs. The Lincoln Place Apartments retains all seven aspects of historic integrity: Location: The garden apartment complex remains in its original location. Design: The site plan retains the design intent of the original architects and the superblock concept consistent with Garden City planning principals. The circulation patterns for both pedestrian and automobile traffic remain as important characteristics of Lincoln Place. The consistent use of simple materials and lack of ornamentation provide the architecturally unity called for in FHA-insured Section 608 postwar guidelines. The Lincoln Place Apartments retains integrity of design. Setting: Although there have been new buildings constructed in place of previously demolished structures and some of the historic landscaping has been removed, overall the complex retains integrity of setting. The new buildings are located on the periphery of the property, and Section 7 page 8 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Lincoln Place Apartments Los Angeles, California Name of Property County and State significant landscape and other site features remain that convey the complex’s original garden setting. Materials and Workmanship: Contributing buildings retain all of their original exterior materials and reflect the physical evidence of period construction techniques and standardization. Therefore, the Lincoln Place Apartments retains integrity of materials and workmanship. Feeling: The Lincoln Place Apartments retains the significant aspects of its site plan and the significant physical features of its garden apartment building type. The communal nature of the complex remains intact. It therefore retains integrity of feeling. Association: The Lincoln Place Apartments Historic District continues to convey its historic association with the FHA’s Section 608 postwar housing loan program and its design guidelines, along with the principals associated with garden apartment design of the period. It therefore retains integrity of association. Section 7 page 9 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Lincoln Place Apartments Los Angeles, California Name of Property County and State Section 7. Building Number Location Map . Section 7 page 10