TCM 8906 Quality Resources for Every Classroom Instant Delivery 24 Hours a Day Thank you for purchasing the following e-book –another quality product from Teacher Created Materials Publishing For more information or to purchase additional books and materials, please visit our website at: www.tcmpub.com For further information about our products and services, please e-mail us at: [email protected] To receive special offers via e-mail, please join our mailing list at: www.tcmpub.com/emailOffers 5301 Oceanus Drive Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030 800.858.7339 FAX 714.230.7070 www.tcmpub.com Table of Contents Exploring the West Exploring the West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 In 1803, the United States bought the Louisiana Territory (lu-ee-zee-AN-uh TAIR-uh-tor-ee) from France . America America Doubles in Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4–5 suddenly had thousands of new miles in the West . Meriwether Lewis and Preparing for the Journey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6–7 William Clark led an expedition Finally Underway in May . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8–9 (eks-puh-DISH-uhn) to explore this area . They drew maps of the Making Friends on the Plains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10–11 land and the rivers . They wrote about the plants and animals . The Adventures on the River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12–13 expedition taught Americans about Struggling Through the Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14–15 the wonderful new lands . A Welcome Sight in Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16–17 The Long Trip Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18–19 A Happy Homecoming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20–21 An Open Door to the West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22–23 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25   America Doubles in Size France had a huge area of land in the West . This territory was called Louisiana . Napoleon offered to sell it to the United States . The Louisiana Purchase cost America 15 million dollars . For that, Thomas Jefferson became the third president of the United the country got almost 828,000 square miles (2 million sq . km) . All of States in 1801 . The country was much smaller then than it is today . a sudden, America was twice as big! America did not have any land west of the Mississippi River . Jefferson wanted to know all about America’s new lands . He Jefferson wanted to make the United States bigger . He decided to send a group of men on an expedition . They would travel dreamed of the country reaching across the continent through the Louisiana Territory . Then, they would come home and (KON-tuh-nuhnt) . In 1803, part of this dream came true . tell about everything they saw . France had a very powerful leader named Napoleon Bonaparte . He wanted to make money for his country . So, he Side Project decided to sell some land to the Jefferson had another job United States . for the expedition. He wanted them to find a river route from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. This would help Americans travel west to trade furs. This map shows how large the Louisiana Purchase was. Thomas Jefferson   Preparing for the Journey This is a list of items that Lewis and Clark bought to give as gifts The Men of the Corps to Indians on their trip. Jefferson knew just who he wanted to lead the trip . He Most of the men in the Corps of Discovery were from the army. The had known Meriwether Lewis all his life . Their families were oldest was about 35 years old. The neighbors in Virginia . For a while, Lewis was in the army . youngest was only 17. There was one black man in the crew. He was Now, he was Jefferson’s personal secretary . Jefferson knew Clark’s slave, a man named York. Lewis was brave, strong, and curious . Lewis was happy to take the job . He started choosing the rest of his crew . First, he asked an old army friend to be his co-captain . William Clark was from Kentucky . He had a lot of experience traveling in the wilderness and along rivers and lakes . Lewis did a lot of studying to get ready for the expedition . Five different scientists taught him . He learned about plants and animals . He studied navigation (nav-uh-GAY-shuhn), surveying (suhr-VAY-ing), and Indian history . The scientists also told Lewis what supplies to bring . Lewis traveled to St . Louis in the winter of 1803–1804 . His crew of about 40 men met him there . Lewis called them the Corps (KORE) of Discovery . The men set up camp . Then, they spent months training . They built boats, exercised, and practiced shooting . This is St. Louis, the starting point of the expedition.   Lewis was a good leader . The men respected and trusted him . But, he was very serious and liked to be alone . Usually he walked along the shore with his dog Seaman . Clark was more fun . He loved to talk and tell jokes . He was in charge of the boats . Both captains kept journals during the expedition . They wrote about their adventures . They recorded the weather . They made maps of the land and the water . They drew and described all the new plants and animals they saw . These included bison, coyotes, prairie dogs, and jackrabbits . The Rocky Mountains One Man Is Lost Finally Underway in May 1k8e0e4lTb . ho Tea thC.e o Imrt pteson oo lkfe Df2t1 iis nmc otehvnre erteyo bbrooewgaat sint . . iO tTs nhjoee u wornathse eyar oltanwr goMe w awyeo r1eo4 d, en TwEBihdanvauei ejyebtu rC duatyrohy mr ods rronptoaa r szauyt ai phgontchephfgc ee Diwlvdyynieh,e sd rrnconiyisoxolt ked .v i oe neatOdnrrn Aiyn epgt ul hm.edy ge r iHoaeouirdnedus lt ee sido v 1ilmifetae8 ssanda0 .n dn 4 o . . f smaller boats called pirogues (puh-ROWGZ) . They planned to travel northwest along the Missouri River . This would lead them to the Rocky Mountains . There, they would cross a pass through the mountains . Rivers on the other This is side would take them to the Pacific Ocean . from Traveling on the river was very hard . Tree branches and Clark’s journal. rocks often blocked the boats . Mosquitoes and ticks constantly bothered the men .   Making Friends on the Plains Checking In This is a Mandan village like the one where the corps spent the winter of 1804–1805. Lewis and Clark were busy IndiJaenfsf einrs othne h Wade sats .k eLde wthise pmlaennn iend t htoe gciovrep tsh teo Ilnedariann asb goifutts .t h He e Phdroueursirindsg ep ntrhet peJe awfrfiiennrgtse orren. p .T oThrhetsey y fso pre nt hoped that would make them more friendly . He brought medals, organized their notes and beads, mirrors, brass buttons, tobacco, combs, and other items . sdarmawpilnesg sth. eTyh ehya dla cboellleedct aeldl .t h e The corps met their first Indians in what is now South Then they sent a boat back Dakota . Some of these Indians were friendly . Others were not to St. Louis with all of the information. so welcoming . One chief thought he did not get enough gifts . He threatened to take one of the expedition’s boats . His men aimed their arrows at the boat . The men on the boat pointed a big gun right back at the Indians . Everyone was nervous . Then the chief changed his mind . What a relief! The crew reached what is now North Dakota in November . They made friends with the Mandan Indians . They decided to Clark’s journal stay in a Mandan village until spring . They built a camp and was filled with called it Fort Mandan . everything he could think to The corps hired a new member that winter . His name was write about. Toussaint Charbonneau (TWO-san CHAR-bon-o) . He was a fur trapper who lived with the Mandan people . He had a young wife named Sacagawea (suh-cah-guh-WE-uh) . She was a Shoshone (shuh-SHO-nee) Indian . Sacagawea had just had a baby boy . He was nicknamed Pomp . The two of them also joined the expedition . 10 11 Adventures on the River In June, the group came to a fork in the Her Important Role nOTSreohhnaweece iIOh s rhpnae Mnai wdrAdeo ao tpgdthnvwruaadeieyoltar, binaatlmahol mfsreaprtg iroooeeedrsrx n mptttpd aoite rsnuc o dgtarsg irnamstauniueobeedgpn s ptu ao haslpnvieene demtsds r u od .w .sd fa ifBxedn a reucsegnmet a lwdSyia na .ail nl sc oThc acnahigen naetlgheow w beeae rsawMaa .t aetsiiyraos .svgn o erS .u ed hTrw eti hh Rrceeoai vcudlmoegarrhyl .py . . s rkLtdtcwhaioneveekercoewr epietrwd .isw . s e w tTwoTadhr hn hhoorwediieunvc h yggrehCie h .rc d lwss htaiBt . d r ta oohku Tynnfe t h so teytttoehth u t yeegod yoi e . d whbfSSrewhtrcaothIroliohnopcatmoteareduvehsp gyedlihetmdas hal rso.enc ew eanw nodsTnmwee en ahi ivant n vsiwSwhe.s i tanpner ehhsS co ecbrhehheaeeaweon oeg Wc etw rpaetshhsshewha.eapee se redd seAettSi ar cwt twhobw hi hcaaofaeeeheo nlssaerlymim hyde ena w no f bharPtk.aene hnao oireSdlepa u imadape ntpttnc evao paty1adderhp 0stgwt d.epayeo.a i. elw g tbw lHs hd Trteaheeo hhbteearuhee yn p e followed their leaders . Some people think that Sacagawea also helped guide the Lewis and Clark expedition. Lewis and Clark were right! A few days later they made it to the Great Falls of the Missouri River . Everyone was relieved . The corps could not take their boats up the huge waterfalls . So they cut down trees . They used the trees to make wagons to drag their boats over the land . It took about a month to go almost 18 miles (29 km) . After the falls, the corps returned to the river . As they climbed the mountains, traveling became very hard . The men were relieved when they reached a village of Shoshone Indians . The Shoshone were known for their horses . The expedition bought some horses to carry their supplies across the mountains . Shoshone Indian 1 1 Struggling Through the Pass This Indian sits with his dugout canoe on the Columbia River. At last the group made it to the other side of the Rockies . They built five new canoes . Then they set off down the Snake River . The river was very fast . Some canoes tipped over in the rapids. Many New Canoes Soon, the river grew wider, and The men could not bring any ibni gSA . eT pTphathseese metyhx brdpoeiuerdgd 1hni t8toih0ote5 n r .R eos aTtcalkhiryzet eMe mdohu oeannwcta r hiolnoassnds g tnh teehv eRe rco rscoekseysni nM mgo owuuonnuttaladiinn t spa kathsesi .s twahteeeTr huewe naa Sttbinella retksh et e boRye ivf ciefsaerhmlt aesn tcrdao lhnmug . n a tTg . a hTienh .meye n htttuhocrpabeaselualoeen ogisadsnoswh.t s .eas t.iT s d S ttsh Thoohekehsrn eitnloe ml hut yutthen h.hgc yet eeahTi lho ylh Ilttnat eehhshdddcyeee io t atcrmlooho uns pegomtsid se sudheae dnwoa k. twod eeaTu rninhent ee wy The corps was not ready for how cold it would be . They dugout canoes. struggled through snow and freezing rain . They could not hunt . The group soon ran low on food . Sometimes they had to shoot their own horses and mules for food . Otherwise they would have starved to death . 1 1