2 Editorial Advisors Rachel E. Barkow Segal Family Professor of Regulatory Law and Policy Faculty Director, Center on the Administration of Criminal Law New York University School of Law Erwin Chemerinsky Dean and Professor of Law University of California, Berkeley School of Law Richard A. Epstein Laurence A. Tisch Professor of Law New York University School of Law Peter and Kirsten Bedford Senior Fellow The Hoover Institution Senior Lecturer in Law The University of Chicago Ronald J. Gilson Charles J. Meyers Professor of Law and Business Stanford University Marc and Eva Stern Professor of Law and Business Columbia Law School James E. Krier Earl Warren DeLano Professor of Law The University of Michigan Law School Tracey L. Meares Walton Hale Hamilton Professor of Law Director, The Justice Collaboratory Yale Law School Richard K. Neumann, Jr. Professor of Law Maurice A. Deane School of Law at Hofstra University Robert H. Sitkoff 3 John L. Gray Professor of Law Harvard Law School David Alan Sklansky Stanley Morrison Professor of Law Faculty Co-Director, Stanford Criminal Justice Center Stanford Law School 4 5 6 7 Copyright © 2018 CCH Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Published by Wolters Kluwer in New York. Wolters Kluwer Legal & Regulatory U.S. serves customers worldwide with CCH, Aspen Publishers, and Kluwer Law International products. (www.WKLegaledu.com) No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or utilized by any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher. For information about permissions or to request permissions online, visit us at www.WKLegaledu.com, or a written request may be faxed to our permissions department at 212-771-0803. To contact Customer Service, e-mail [email protected], call 1-800-234-1660, fax 1-800-901-9075, or mail correspondence to: Wolters Kluwer Attn: Order Department PO Box 990 Frederick, MD 21705 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Edwards, Linda Holdeman, 1948- author. Title: Legal writing : process, analysis, and organization / Linda H. Edwards, E. L. Cord Foundation Professor of Law, William S. Boyd School of Law, University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Description: Seventh edition. | New York : Wolters Kluwer, [2018] | Series: Aspen coursebook series | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017060731 | eISBN: 978-1-4548-9780-4 Subjects: LCSH: Legal composition. Classification: LCC KF250 .E38 2018 | DDC 808.06/634--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017060731 8 About Wolters Kluwer Legal & Regulatory U.S. Wolters Kluwer Legal & Regulatory U.S. delivers expert content and solutions in the areas of law, corporate compliance, health compliance, reimbursement, and legal education. Its practical solutions help customers successfully navigate the demands of a changing environment to drive their daily activities, enhance decision quality and inspire confident outcomes. Serving customers worldwide, its legal and regulatory portfolio includes products under the Aspen Publishers, CCH Incorporated, Kluwer Law International, ftwilliam.com and MediRegs names. They are regarded as exceptional and trusted resources for general legal and practice-specific knowledge, compliance and risk management, dynamic workflow solutions, and expert commentary. 9 To Dan Words fail. 10