Audio- The Most Effective Approach e h to Learning Vocabulary c a • 4000 words, phrases and sample sentences r p arranged by topic s d • Easily accessible information on grammar, m plural and verb forms, and usage e • Extra: Free Audio Download for pronunciation r practice F s l a Die beste Basis zum Vokabellernen h c • 4000 Wörter, Wendungen und Beispielsätze s t nach Themen gegliedert u Langenscheidt e • Mit Grammatikangaben, Plural- und Verbformen D G rundwortschatz und wichtigen Wörtern aus Österreich und der Schweiz z • Extra: kompletter Wortschatz zum Üben der t D eutsch a Aussprache als kostenloser Audio-Download h c s t r o als Fremdsprache w A1 + A2 für Anfänger und Wiedereinsteiger d Niveau Informationen zum Europäischen n A1-A2 Referenzrahmen finden Sie unter: u www.langenscheidt.de/referenzrahmen r G Niveau A1-A2 www.langenscheidt.com  12.99 [D]  13.40 [A] ISBN 978-3-468-20130-1 Englisch – Deutsch 20130_CV-01-04_gruwo_DAF.indd Benutzerdefiniert V 2 10.08.17 11:26 Langenscheidt G rundwortschatz D eutsch als Fremdsprache Englisch – Deutsch 20130_IT_001_GruWo_DaF.indd 1 23.08.2017 12:09:53 HerausgegebenvonderLangenscheidt-Redaktion Lektorat:SusanneFranz([email protected]) Grafik-Design:UteWeber Cover-Illustration:ArndtKnieper www.langenscheidt.com ©2017LangenscheidtGmbH&Co.KG,München Satz:preXtension,Grafrath DruckundBindung:DruckereiC.H.Beck,Nördlingen ISBN978-3-468-69639-8 Introduction 3 IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn DearStudent, This „Grundwortschatz Deutsch als Fremdsprache“ from Langenscheidt is de- signedtohelpyoudevelopacomprehensivebasicvocabularyofGermanwords andphrases.Thevocabularyhasbeenselectedonthebasisoffrequencyofuse andcurrentrelevance.Asaresult,wehaveincludednotonlyimportantterms from the digital world but also significant vocabulary specific to Austria and Switzerland. Structure of this Book The words and phrases in the book are arranged by topic, each covering a differentaspectofeverydaylife.Then,tomakelearningeasier,thevocabulary withinthechaptersisfurthergroupedonthebasisofmeaningandcontext.For mostwords,thereisalsoanexampleofthewordinuseinatypicalsentence. Exceptionsarespecifictermssuchasfood,animalsandplants,themeaningof whichcanbeclearlyunderstoodwiththeEnglishtranslation. Grammatical Information Thewordtypeisspecifiedforeachword.Oftenthereismoreinformation: ¡ In the case of nouns (n), you will also find the article and the form of the nominativeplural. ¡ Feminineformsdenotingoccupationorrelationshipare,however,onlylisted inthesingular,asthepluralisusuallyformedregularly,e.g. der Lehrer, die Lehrerin, Lehrer n: The feminine plural form Lehrerinnen is derivedfromthesingularformLehrerin. Irregularlyformedpluralforms,ontheotherhand,arelistedindividually: derCousin,Cousinsn dieCousine,Cousinenn ¡ Wherethereisnodistinctfemininepluralform,thepluralformisusedfor bothgenders: derErwachsene,dieErwachsene,Erwachsenennm-f 4 Introduction ¡ Inthecaseofirregularverbs(v-irr),theformsofthethirdpersonsingularare presentedinthePräsens,PräteritumundPerfekttenses.Forverbswithaprefix suchasvorlesen,anziehenoraussehen,youwillfindtheirregularformsnext tothecorrespondingverbwithouttheprefix,e.g.lesen,liest,las,hatgelesen. ¡ Inaddition,certainverbsareseparableandthisisindicatedby(v-sep)nexttoa verb. Pronunciation and Sound Recording YouwillfindanoverviewofthemostimportantrulesofpronunciationofGer- manonpages9–12.Thereisalsoanaudiobookthatcanbepurchasedseparately (ISBN978-3-468-93140-6): Professional speakershaverecordedthecompletevo- cabularyandthesamplesentences,inbothGermanandEnglish,sothatyouhave theopportunitytolistentoandpracticethevocabulary.Thisway,youcantrain yourpronunciationandvocabularywithorwithoutthee-bookandusethere- cordingtocheckyourprogress.Somesamplesentencesfromthebookedition wereslightlymodifiedtomakelisteningcomprehensioneasierforyou. Further Help ¡ For many words, you will find additional tips regarding usage or possible sourcesoferror. ¡ IntheRegisteryoucanquicklylookupallthewordsinbothlanguages. Finally,wewishyoulotsoffunandsuccesswiththisphrasebook, YourLangenscheidteditorialteam! Topics 5 TTooppiiccss People 13 PersonalInformation 13 CharacterTraits 15 Looks 17 Appearance 17 ClothesandShoes 19 Accessories 21 SocialRelationships 22 Family 22 PartnershipandMarriage 23 FriendshipandOtherSocialContacts 25 LifeCycle 26 Perceptions,CommunicationandActivities 29 ThinkingandFeeling 29 Thoughts 29 Feelings 31 SensoryImpressions 33 SpeakingSituations 34 Conversations 34 Questions,RequestsandAnswers 36 OrdersandProhibitions 38 DiscussionsandAgreements 39 Conflicts 41 GreetingandTakingLeave 42 CommonPhrases 43 ActionsandBehaviour 44 GeneralActivities 44 EndeavoursandPlans 47 Help,DutyandReliability 48 Owning,GivingandTaking 49 BodyandHealth 51 BodyPartsandOrgans 51 IllnessandPhysicalImpairments 52 MedicalExaminationsandHospital 55 Emergencies 56 PersonalHygiene 57 6 Topics Education 59 Learning 59 Language 63 School,UniversityandTraining 65 Career 67 ProfessionalLife 67 Occupations 68 OfficeActivitiesandEquipment 70 Application,RecruitmentandTermination 71 ConditionsofEmployment 72 CulturalInterests 74 Reading 74 Music 75 Art 77 TheatreandFilm 78 LeisureTime 79 Celebrations 79 PublicHolidays 80 GoingOutandRecreation 80 Sport 82 Hobbies 85 Shopping 86 ChoosingandPaying 86 Shops 90 Nutrition 91 Nutrition—GeneralTerms 91 Bread,PastriesandCereals 93 FruitandVegetables 94 Meat,FishandDairyProducts 95 Spices,HerbsandOtherIngredients 96 Sweets,SnacksandTobacco 96 Beverages 97 RestaurantsandCafes 98 Restaurants 98 DishesandSnacks 98 Serving,OrderingandPaying 99 Topics 7 Accommodation 101 HousesandApartments 101 RoomsandLivingAreas 102 Facilities 104 Furnishings 104 Housekeeping 106 TourismandTravel 108 Travel 108 StayingOvernight 110 PlacesofInterest 111 LocationInformation 112 PublicTransport 114 LocalPublicTransport 114 RailwayTransportation 115 AirandSeaTransportation 117 PrivateTransport 118 NatureandtheEnvironment 120 AnimalsandPlants 120 Landscape 121 CompassDirections 123 Space 123 Environment,WeatherandClimate 124 CommunicationandMedia 127 Post 127 PrintMediaandBroadcasting 128 Telephone,MobilePhonesandtheInternet 130 ComputerandMultimedia 134 Industry,TechnologyandResearch 136 Manufacturing,TradeandServices 136 Money,BankingandFinancialMarkets 137 Agriculture 140 Technology,EnergyundResearch 141 NaturalResourcesandCommodities 143 SocietyandState 144 History 144 Society 145 ReligionundMorality 147 Politics 148 8 Topics DefenceandSecurity 150 StateInstitutionsandAdministration 152 LawandJurisprudence 153 Time 156 TimesoftheYear 156 NamesoftheMonths 156 DaysoftheWeek 157 TimesoftheDay 157 TellingTime 158 MoreExpressionsofTime 158 Present,PastandFuture 158 DurationandFrequency 160 EarlyandLate 161 Chronology 163 WhereandWhereabouts 164 ExpressingLocation 164 Movement,SpeedandRest 168 ArrivalandDeparture 169 ColoursandShapes 170 Colours 170 Shapes 170 NumbersandUnitsofMeasurement 171 CardinalNumbers 171 OrdinalNumbers 173 WeightsandMeasurements 174 Categories 174 Quantities 175 Categorisation—GeneralConcepts 178 DifferencesandClassifications 178 Cause,EffectandManner 179 FunctionWords 180 InterrogativePronouns 180 Prepositions 181 Conjunctions 182 AuxiliaryandModalVerbs 183 Countries 185 Pronunciation Pronunciation ThissectionwillmakeyoufamiliarwiththesoundsofGerman.You’llfindthe pronunciation of the letters and sounds explained below, together with their „imitated“equivalents. TheGermanalphabetisthesameasEnglish,withtheadditionoftheletterß.It alsousestheUmlautonthevowelsä,ü,ö(seebelowforpronunciation). Pronunciation Rules –Alotofconsonants(b,d,f,g,h,k,l,m,n,p,ph,t,x)areusuallypronouncedthe same(oralmostthesame)astheirEnglishcounterparts. –Butb,d,gattheendofawordarepronouncedlikep,t,k:gelb,Rad,Tag. –TheGermanrisformedinthethroatandpronouncedasifyouwereclearing yourthroatorgurgling. –Theletterhafteravowelisnotpronounced.Itjustprolongsthevowel:Bahn, sehr,wohnen,Uhr. –Doublevowels,vowels+handiearealwayslong:Paar,Tee,fahren,sehr,spie- len. –Vowelsinfrontofdoubleconsonantsarealwaysshort:Treppe,Tasse,Bett. Stress Generally,asinEnglish,thefirstsyllableisstressedinGerman,exceptwhenshort prefixes are added to the beginning of the word. Then the second syllable is stressed (e.g. bewegen – to move, gesehen – seen). However, similar looking wordscanbestresseddifferently:übersetzen–translatevs.übersetzen–ferry over. Consonants Letter ApproximatePronunciation Example b 1.attheendofawordor likepinup ab,gelb,lieb,erliebt,er betweenavowelanda gibt,gib! consonant 2.elsewhere likebinbed Bett,bis,lieben,haben, geben