Laminar-Turbulent Transition Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics H.F. Fasel, W.S. Saric (Eds.) Laminar-Turbulent Transition IUTAM Symposium, Sedona/AZ September 13 - 17, 1999 i Springer Prof. Hermann F. Fasel Aerospace and Mechanical Enginering University of Arizona 85721 Tucson, AZ USA Prof. William S. Saric Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Arizona 85287 Tempe, Al USA CIP data applied lor Die Deutsche Bibliothek· CIP·Einheitsaulnahme Laminar turbulent transition: IUTAM symposium, Sedona, AZ, 1999/lnternational Union 01 Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. H.F.Fasel; W.S. Saric (ed.). ISBN 978-3-642-08752-3 ISBN 978-3-662-03997-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-03997-7 This work is subject to copyright. AII rights are reserved, whether the whole or part 01 the material is concerned, specilicallythe rights 01 translation, reprinting, reuse 01 iIIustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microlilm or in other ways, and storage in data banks. Duplication 01 this publication or parts thereol is permitted only under the provisions 01 the German Copyright Law 01 September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission lor use must always be obtained Irom Springer·Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH. Violations are liable lor prosecution act under German Copyright Law. © Springer·Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2000 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2000 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 2000 The use 01 general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence 01 a specilic statement, that such names are exempt lrom the relevant protective laws and regulations and therelore Iree lor general use. Typesetting: Camera·ready by authors Cover layout: design & production, Heidelberg Printed on acid·lree paper SPIN: 10780408 61 / 3020 hu • 5 4 3 2 1 O - Preface The origins of turbulent flow and the transition from laminar to turbulent flow are among the most important unsolved problems of fluid mechanics and aerodynamics. Besides being a fundamental question of fluid mechanics, there are any number of applications for information regarding transition location and the details of the subsequent turbulent flow. The JUTA M Symposium on Laminar-Turbulent Transition, co-hosted by Arizona State University and the University of Arizona, was held in Sedona, Arizona. Although four previous JUTA M Symposia bear the same appellation (Stuttgart 1979, Novosibirsk 1984, Toulouse 1989, and Sendai 1994) the topics that were emphasized at each were different and reflect the evolving nature of our understanding of the transition process. The major contributions of Stuttgart 1979 centered on nonlinear behavior and later stages of transition in two-dimensional boundary layers. Stability of closed systems was also included with Taylor vortices in different geometries. The topics of Novosibirsk 1984 shifted to resonant wave interactions and secondary instabilities in boundary layers. Pipe- and channel-flow transition were discussed as model problems for the boundary layer. Investigations of free shear layers were presented and a heavy dose of supersonic papers appeared for the first time. The character of Toulouse 1989 was also different in that 3-D boundary layers, numerical simulations, streamwise vortices, and foundation papers on receptivity were presented. Sendai 1994 saw a number of papers on swept wings and 3-D boundary layers. Numerical simulations attacked a broader range of problems. The Sedona 1999 meeting focussed almost exclusively on open systems, and as such, on wall-bounded shear flows. The major impact topics were receptivity of initial disturbances, crossflow instabilities, supersonic flows, and control of transition. More papers appeared on combined numerical and experimental work. In other cases, teams from different institutes combined resources to solve complicated problems. The objectives of many of these studies were to properly define the fundamental physics of the stability and transition process. One can track certain freestream disturbances that provide the initial conditions for unstable waves in somewhat complicated geometries. As a consequence, this fundamental knowledge now enables different techniques of transition control and its subsequent decrease in drag. One expects increased emphasis on this topic. Papers on transient growth and sub-critical development of 3-D disturbances pointed to future areas of research. VI The success of this symposium would have not been possible without the help and support of many. We thank the members of the Scientific and Local Organizing Committee for their suggestions and assistance in organizing the conference. Special thanks to the conference secretary, Colleen Leatherman, for her unselfish dedication to this project. We are also grateful to the graduate students from Arizona State University and the University of Arizona for their help in running the meeting without major glitches. Most important, we thank all authors, session chairmen, and all participants who contributed to the success of this symposium. Finally, we acknowledge the Sponsors of this Symposium for their generous financial support and Springer-Verlag for printing the Proceedings. Countries represented and number of participants Australia 1 Brazil 1 Canada 2 China 2 France 7 Germany 24 Greece 1 India 2 IsraelI Italy 1 Japan 15 Russia 11 Sweden 2 Switzerland 3 The Netherlands 1 U.K. 16 Ukraine 1 USA 42 Total participants: 132 Scientific Committee W. Saric (Co-Chair) (USA) V. Koslov (Russia) H. Fasel (Co-Chair) (USA) V. Levchenko (Russia) D. Arnal (France) R. Narasimha (India) P. Baines (Australia) T. Tatsumi (Japan) H. Bippes (Germany) J. van Ingen (Netherlands) M. Gaster (UK) H. Zhou (China) R. Kobayashi (Japan) Local Organizing Committee H. Fasel (Univ. of Arizona) E. Reshotko (Case Western Univ.) E. Kersehen (Univ. of Arizona) W. Sarie (Arizona State Univ.) H. Reed (Arizona State Univ.) I. Wygnanski (Univ. of Arizona) Support Personnel Colleen Leatherman (ASU) Jiirgen Seidel (UA) Brandon Latek (ASU) Dominic vonTerzi (UA) Mark Linnick (UA) Stefan Wernz (UA) Jarmo Monttinen, (ASU) Edward White (ASU) Richard Sandberg (UA) Hui-Liu Zhang (UA) Symposium Sponsor International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (lUTA M) Supported by: Arizona State University University of Arizona ASU Unsteady Wind Tunnel UA Computational Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Army Research Office Office of Naval Research National Science Foundation Air Force Office of Scientific Research ~ j -~ - r-: - I M X Criminale, w.o. USA Univ.ofWashington Seattle, WA Crouch, J.D. USA Boeing Commercial Airplanes Seattle, WA Cullen, L.M. UK Queen Mary & Westfield College London Davies, C. UK Coventry Univ. Coventry Dietz, A. USA MCAT, Inc.INASA Ames Moffett Field, CA Doligalski, T. USA U.S. Army Research Office Research Triangle Park, NC Dovgal, A. V. Russia Inst. Theor. & Applied Mech. Novosibirsk Fasel, H. USA Univ. of Arizona Tucson,AZ Fernholz, H.-H. Germany Technical Univ. Berlin Berlin Fezer, A. Germany Univ. of Stuttgart Stuttgart Floryan, J.M. Canada Univ. of Western Ontario London Fukunishi, Y. Japan Tohoku Univ. Sendai Gaponov, S.A. Russia Inst. Theor. & Applied Mech Novosibirsk Gaster, M. UK Queen Mary & Westfield College London Gmelin, C. Germany Univ. of Stuttgart Stuttgart Gostelow, J.P. UK Leicester Univ. Leicester Gyr, A. Switzerland Swiss Federal Inst. Technology ZUrich-Honggerberg Hall, P. UK Imperial College London Hammerton, P.W. UK Univ. of East Anglia Norwich Healey, J.J. UK Keele Univ. Keele Hein, S. Germany DLR Gottingen Herbert, T. USA Ohio State Univ. Columbus, OH Participants Abegg, e. Germany DLR Gottingen Airiau, C. France Univ. Paul Sabatier Toulouse Andersson, P. Sweden FFA Bromma Ardonceau, P. France CNRSIENSMA Futuroscope Amal, D. France ONERAICERT Toulouse Asai, M. Japan Tokyo Metro. Inst. Technology Tokyo Bake, S. Germany Technical Univ. Berlin Berlin Baumann,M. Germany Technical Univ. Berlin Berlin Becker, S. Germany Univ. Erlangen-NUmberg Erlangen Bertolotti, F.P. Germany DLR Gottingen Beutner, T. USA AFOSRlNA Arlington, V A Bobba, K USA California Inst. Technology Pasadena, CA Bonfigli, G. Germany Univ. of Stuttgart Stuttgart Bowles, R.1. UK Univ. College London London Breuer, KS. USA Brown Univ. Providence, RI Caloupi, E. UK Queen Mary & Westfield College London Cathalifaud, P. France Univ. Paul Sabatier Toulouse Champagne, F.H. USA Univ. of Arizona Tucson, AZ Chomaz, J.-M. France Ecole Polytechnique Palaiseau Collis, S.S. USA Rice Univ. Houston, TX Corke, T.e. USA Univ. of Notre Dame Nortre Dame, IN