PMT For Examiner’s Use Centre Number Candidate Number Surname Other Names Examiner’s Initials Candidate Signature Question Mark General Certificate of Education 1 Advanced Subsidiary Examination June 2015 2 3 Biology BIOL1 4 Unit 1 Biology and disease 5 6 Thursday 21 May 2015 1.30 pm to 2.45 pm 7 For this paper you must have: 8  a ruler with millimetre measurements  a calculator. 9 TOTAL Time allowed  1 hour 15 minutes Instructions  Use black ink or black ball-point pen.  Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.  Answer all questions.  You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write outside the box around each page or on blank pages.  You may ask for extra paper. Extra paper must be secured to this booklet.  Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. Information  The maximum mark for this paper is 60.  The marks for questions are shown in brackets.  You are expected to use a calculator, where appropriate.  Quality of Written Communication will be assessed in all answers.  You will be marked on your ability to: – use good English – organise information clearly – use scientific vocabulary accurately. (JUN15BIOL101) BIOL1 WMP/Jun15/BIOL1/E6 PMT 2 Do not write outside the box Answer all questions in the spaces provided. 1 Figure 1 represents part of the human digestive system. The organs are labelled A–F. Figure 1 A B C D E F 1 (a) Give the letter of the organ that produces amylase. [1 mark] 1 (b) Give the letter of the organ that produces maltase. [1 mark] (02) WMP/Jun15/BIOL1 PMT 3 Do not write outside the box 1 (c) Maltose is hydrolysed by the enzyme maltase. Explain why maltase catalyses only this reaction. 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[Extra space] ..................................................................................................................... 5 ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. Turn over for the next question Turn over (cid:2) (03) WMP/Jun15/BIOL1 PMT 4 Do not write outside the box 2 Figure 2 shows a eukaryotic cell. Figure 2 H L J M K N 5µm 2 (a) Complete Table 1 by giving the letter labelling the organelle that matches the function. [3 marks] Table 1 Function of organelle Letter Protein synthesis Modifies protein (for example, adds carbohydrate to protein) Aerobic respiration 2 (b) Use the scale bar in Figure 2 to calculate the magnification of the drawing. Show your working. [2 marks] Answer = ................................ 5 (04) WMP/Jun15/BIOL1 PMT 5 Do not write outside the box 3 (a) Give two ways in which pathogens can cause disease. [2 marks] 1........................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. 2........................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. 3 (b) Putting bee honey on a cut kills bacteria. Honey contains a high concentration of sugar. Use your knowledge of water potential to suggest how putting honey on a cut kills bacteria. 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[Extra space] ..................................................................................................................... 5 ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. Turn over (cid:2) (05) WMP/Jun15/BIOL1 PMT 6 Do not write outside the box 4 Cow’s milk contains the sugar lactose. Many cats are unable to digest cow’s milk because they are lactose intolerant. Cow’s milk can be made suitable for these cats by treating it with the enzyme lactase to hydrolyse lactose. This makes the cow’s milk lactose-free. Beads are coated with lactase and placed in a tube, as shown in Figure 3. Cow’s milk flows over the beads and the lactose is hydrolysed. Figure 3 Cow’s milk containing lactose Bead coated with lactase Lactose-free milk 4 (a) Attaching lactase to the beads is a more efficient use of lactase than adding the lactase directly to cow’s milk. Suggest three reasons why it is more efficient to attach lactase to the beads. [3 marks] 1........................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. 2........................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. 3........................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. (06) WMP/Jun15/BIOL1 PMT 7 Do not write outside the box 4 (b) Monosaccharides and disaccharides taste sweet. The lactose-free milk made after hydrolysis with lactase tastes sweeter than the cow’s milk containing lactose. Suggest why. 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They collected data for:  the number of cases of whooping cough reported  the percentage of infants vaccinated against whooping cough. Figure 4 shows the data collected by the doctors. Figure 4 70000 100 90 60000 80 50 000 70 Number of Percentage cases of 40000 60 of infants whooping 50 vaccinated cough 30 000 40 against reported whooping 20000 30 ( ) cough 20 ( ) 10000 10 0 0 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 Year 5 (a) Suggest two reasons why the percentage of infants vaccinated decreased between 1973 and 1975. 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(08) WMP/Jun15/BIOL1 PMT 9 Do not write outside the box 5 (b) Between 1980 and 1990, there were three peaks in the number of reported cases of whooping cough. After 1981, the number of cases of whooping cough in each peak decreased. Use the information from Figure 4 to suggest why. 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[Extra space] ..................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. 5 (c) The percentage of the population vaccinated does not need to be 100% to be effective in preventing the spread of whooping cough. Suggest why. 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Turn over (cid:2) (09) WMP/Jun15/BIOL1 PMT 10 Do not write outside the box 6 (a) When a person has an asthma attack, the airways in the lungs become narrower. Give one reason why the airways become narrower. [1 mark] ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. Nutritionists investigated the relationship between eating oily and non-oily fish and the incidence of asthma. They analysed the diets of children with asthma and the diets of children without asthma. Figure 5 shows their results. Figure 5 Children with asthma Children without asthma 16% 28% 56% 54% 30% 16% Key Children who ate no fish Children who ate oily fish Children who ate non-oily fish (10) WMP/Jun15/BIOL1