PMT For Examiner’s Use Centre Number Candidate Number Surname Other Names Examiner’s Initials Candidate Signature Question Mark General Certificate of Education 1 Advanced Subsidiary Examination June 2012 2 3 Biology BIOL1 4 Unit 1 Biology and disease 5 6 Monday 14 May 2012 9.00 am to 10.15am 7 8 For this paper you must have: ● a ruler with millimetre measurements. TOTAL ● a calculator. Time allowed ● 1 hour 15 minutes Instructions ● Use black ink or black ball-point pen. ● Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. ● Answer all questions. ● You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. ● Do not write outside the box around each page in margins or on blank pages. ● You may ask for extra paper. Extra paper must be secured to this booklet. ● Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. Information ● The maximum mark for this paper is 60. ● You are expected to use a calculator, where appropriate. ● The marks for questions are shown in brackets. ● Quality of Written Communication will be assessed in all answers. ● You will be marked on your ability to: - use good English - organise information clearly - use scientific vocabulary accurately. (Jun12BIOL101) BIOL1 WMP/Jun12/BIOL1 PMT 2 Do not write outside the box Answer all questions in the spaces provided. 1 An amoeba is a single-celled, eukaryotic organism. Scientists used a transmission electron microscope to study an amoeba. The diagram shows its structure. Y Z 1 (a) (i) Name organelle Y. ............................................................................................................................................ (1 mark) 1 (a) (ii) Name two other structures in the diagram which show that the amoeba is a eukaryotic cell. 1 ......................................................................................................................................... 2 ......................................................................................................................................... (2 marks) 1 (b) What is the function of organelle Z? ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (1 mark) (02) WMP/Jun12/BIOL1 PMT 3 Do not write outside the box 1 (c) The scientists used a transmission electron microscope to study the structure of the amoeba. Explain why. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ 6 ............................................................................................................................................ (2 marks) Turn over for the next question Turn over (cid:2) (03) WMP/Jun12/BIOL1 PMT 4 Do not write outside the box 2 Scientists compared the results of three investigations, A, B and C. These investigations were into the effect of drinking different amounts of alcohol on the risk of developing heart disease. The graph shows the results of these investigations. A Increased B risk of heart disease C Decreased risk of heart disease 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Number of alcoholic drinks per day 2 (a) Describe the relationship between increasing the number of alcoholic drinks per day and the risk of heart disease in investigation A. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (2 marks) (04) WMP/Jun12/BIOL1 PMT 5 Do not write outside the box 2 (b) All the volunteers who took part in investigation C were aged between 40 and 50 years old. Explain how choosing volunteers of a similar age improved this investigation. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (1 mark) 2 (c) A newspaper headline used the information in the graph to claim ‘Alcohol is good for you.’ Evaluate this claim. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (3 marks) (Extra space) ..................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Turn over for the next question Turn over (cid:2) (05) WMP/Jun12/BIOL1 PMT 6 Do not write outside the box 3 The diagram shows the position of the diaphragm at times P and Q. P Q Trachea Lung Diaphragm 3 (a) Describe what happens to the diaphragm between times P and Q to bring about the change in its shape. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (2 marks) (06) WMP/Jun12/BIOL1 PMT 7 Do not write outside the box 3 (b) Air moves into the lungs between times P and Q. Explain how the diaphragm causes this. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (3 marks) (Extra space) ..................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ 3 (c) Describe how oxygen in air in the alveoli enters the blood in capillaries. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (2 marks) 7 Turn over for the next question Turn over (cid:2) (07) WMP/Jun12/BIOL1 PMT 8 Do not write outside the box 4 A scientist investigated the effect of cyanide on the uptake of sodium ions by animal tissue. He set up two beakers, J and K. He put equal volumes of a solution containing sodium ions and equal masses of an animal tissue in each beaker. ● He added cyanide to beaker J. ● He did not add cyanide to beaker K. He measured the concentration of sodium ions remaining in the solution in each beaker, for 80 minutes. The graph shows his results. 10 J With cyanide 8 Concentration of sodium ions 6 remaining in the solution / arbitrary 4 units 2 K Without cyanide 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Time/minutes 4 (a) Calculate the rate of uptake of sodium ions by the tissue in beaker K for the first 30 minutes. Show your working. Answer …………………………… arbitrary units per minute (2 marks) (08) WMP/Jun12/BIOL1 PMT 9 Do not write outside the box 4 (b) Adding cyanide affects the uptake of sodium ions by the tissue. Use the graph to describe how. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (2 marks) 4 (c) Cyanide is a substance which affects respiration. Use information in the question to explain the effect of cyanide on the uptake of sodium ions by the tissue. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (3 marks) 7 (Extra space) ..................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ Turn over for the next question Turn over (cid:2) (09) WMP/Jun12/BIOL1 PMT 10 Do not write outside the box 5 (a) What is a pathogen? ............................................................................................................................................ (1 mark) 5 (b) When a pathogen enters the body it may be destroyed by phagocytosis. Describe how. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (4 marks) (Extra space) ..................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ (10) WMP/Jun12/BIOL1