A S n C p nie e vnt ci e e a r l s n a a r r “Call to the path of thy Lord with wisdom and goodly exhortation, y y I and argue with people in the best manner.” (Holy Quran, 16:125) s s u e The Light AND ISLAMIC REVIEW Exponent of Islam and the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for over ninety years July – September 2014 Vol. 91 CONTENTS No. 3 The Great Revival Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Introducing the Ahmadiyya Movement and its Mission of Reviving the True Spirit of the Islamic Faith — By Fazeel S. Khan, Esq. A Mighty Striving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Maulana Muhammad Ali, the Establishment of the Lahore Section of the Ahmadiyya Movement, and the Literature that would Influence Modern Islamic Thought — By Dr. Noman Malik A Needed Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 The Importance of the Ideology promoted by the Lahore Ahmadiyya Islamic Society in a time of unrest throughout the Muslim World — BySheikh Alaa Abul Azayem A Tribute to a Legacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 An Address Affirming the True Conception of the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement — By Sheikh Omar El-Bastawesy A Resurgence of the Great Revival . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 A Review of the Work by the USA Branch in the fields of Publication, Translation and Establishment of Foreign Missions in Contemporary Times — By Mrs. Samina Malik Messages by U.S. Congressman Andre Carson and Dr. Eric Germain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Compiled by the Editor Published on the World-Wide Web at: www.muslim.org (cid:1) (cid:1) Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha‘at Islam Lahore Inc., U.S.A. (cid:0) 2 THE LIGHT AND ISLAMIC REVIEW JULY – SEPTEMBER2014 The Lightwas founded in 1921 as the organ of the AHMADIyyAANjUMAN ISHA‘AT ISLAM (Ahmadiyya Association for the Propaga tion of Islam) of About ourselves Lahore, Pakistan. The Islamic Review was published in England from 1913 for over 50 years, and in the U.S.A. from 1980 to 1991. The present Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha‘at Islam Lahore periodical represents the beliefs of the worldwide branches of the has branches in many countries including: Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha‘at Islam, Lahore. U.S.A. Australia U.K. Canada ISSN: 1060–4596 Holland Fiji Editor:Fazeel S. Khan, Esq. Indonesia Germany Suriname India Circulation:Mrs. Samina Malik. Trinidad South Africa Guyana Philippines Contact information: ‘The Light’, P.O. Box 3370, Dublin, Ohio 43016, U.S.A. Achievements: Phone:614 – 873 1030  •  Fax:614 – 873 1022 The Anjuman has produced extensive literature on Islam, originally in English and E-mails:[email protected] Urdu, including translations of the Holy Quran with commentaries. These books Website:www.muslim.org are being translated into other languages, including French, German, Spanish, Dutch, The main objective of the A.A.I.I.L. is to present the true, original message Russian, Chinese, and Arabic. The Anjuman of Islam to the whole world — Islam as it is found in the Holy Quran and has run several Muslim missions around the the life of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, obscured today by grave mis - world, including the first ever in Western conceptions and wrong popular notions. Europe. Islam seeks to attract the hearts and minds of people towards the truth, by means of reasoning and the natural beauty of its principles. History: 1889: HazratMirza Ghulam Ahmad founds HazratMirza Ghulam Ahmad (d. 1908), our Founder, arose to remind the the Ahmadiyya Movement. world that Islam is: 1901: Movement given name Ahmadiyya International:It recognizes prophets being raised among all nations after Holy Prophet Muhammad’s other and requires Muslims to believe in them all. Truth and goodness famous name Ahmad. can be found in all religions. God treats all human beings equally, 1905: Hazrat Mirza appoints central body regardless of race, nationality or religion. (Anjuman) to manage the Movement. Peaceful: Allows use of force only in unavoidable self-defence. 1908: Death of Hazrat Mirza. Succeeded by Teaches Muslims to live peacefully under any rule which accords Maulana Nur-ud-Din as Head. them freedom of religion. 1914: Death of Maulana Nur-ud-Din. Tolerant: Gives full freedom to everyone to hold and practise any Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha‘at Islam creed or religion. Requires us to tolerate differences of belief and founded at Lahore as continuation of the opinion. original Anjuman. Maulana Muhammad Ali elected as Head. Rational:In all matters, it urges use of human reason and knowledge. Blind following is condemned and independence of thought is 1951: Death of Maulana Muhammad Ali granted. after fifty years of glorious service to the cause of Islam. Maulana Sadr-ud-Din Inspiring:Worship is not a ritual, but provides living contact with a (d. 1981) becomes Head. Living God, Who answers prayers and speaks to His righteous ser- 1981–1996: Dr Saeed Ahmad Khan, an emi- vants even today as in the past. nent medical doctor and religious schol- Non-sectarian:Every person professing Islam by the words La ilaha ar, led the Movement, at a time of ill-Allah, Muhammad-ur rasul-ullah(There is no god but Allah, intense persecution. and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah) is a Muslim. A Muslim 1996–2002: Prof. Dr Asghar Hameed, a cannot be expelled from Islam by anyone. distinguished retired University Professor of Mathematics, and learned Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad taught that noprophet, old or new, is to arise Islamic scholar, served as Head. after the Holy Prophet Muhammad. However, Mujaddids will be raised by God to revive and rekindle the light of Islam. 2002: Prof. Dr Abdul Karim Saeed Pasha elected Head. (cid:0) JULY – SEPTEMBER2014 THE LIGHT AND ISLAMIC REVIEW 3 renowned for its scholarship, authenticity, and spiritually The Great Revival Initiative enlightening qualities. Literature that received accolades from the time of its first publication and continues to be Introducing the Ahmadiyya Movement praised and admired throughout the world today. And this and its Mission of Reviving the True Spirit literature, not exclusively but primarily, was authored by of the Islamic Faith Maulana Muhammad Ali. So, our first presentation today will be about Maulana Muhammad Ali – who he was and By Fazeel S. Khan, Esq. what inspired him to engage in this work. And we are thrilled to have with us today, Congressman Andre Carson, [This article served as the introductory presentation at the who will share his personal reflections on this literature. Lahore Ahmadiyya Islamic Society’s centenary anniver- sary celebration, held in conjunction with its annual con- In addition to the publication work that gave fame and vention in Columbus, Ohio, on August 16, 2014. This pres- distinction to the Lahore Ahmdiyya Movmeent, the entation provided an outline for the day’s program, and Movement is also widely recognized as being a catalyst for introduced the origins and objectives of the Ahmadiyya introducing Islam to the West through peaceful engage- Movement. Quotes from the founder of the Ahmadiyya ment, interaction and dialogue. And in this regard, we are Movement, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, were also very grateful to have with us today Dr. Gerdien jonker, relayed to show that the true significance of the Movement Ms. Siv Hackzell and Dr. Eric Germain (via recording) to is to bring about reform in the Muslim world, particularly discuss key aspects of their academic research on these by eradicating extremist ideologies and offering a basis for pioneering missions that were established in the early part spiritual development in the modern age. The video of the 20thcentury by the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement. recording of the presentations given at the symposium are And in the afternoon session, we will also be sharing available at: http://vimeo.com/album/3039057.] with you information about our current work – a summary As most of you are aware, the Lahore Ahmadiyya of the US branch’s projects in various countries to contin- Islamic Society (which is the US branch of the internation- ue this great legacy of promoting the true picture of Islam al Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement) hosts a symposium each to the world. And we are very excited to have with us two year devoted to a topic about Islam that is relevant to con- guests from Egypt: Sheikh Azayem (the head of the temporary issues. As this year marks the Movement’s cen- Azayemi Sufi Order) – who will speak about the need for tenary anniversary, we will be celebrating the occasion by this literature in the Muslim world today; and Sheikh reviewing some of our historic accomplishments and dis- Omar El-Bastawesy (former Head of the Office of the cussing our current activities. Grand Imam of the prestigious Al-Azhar) – who will share a short address in Arabic about the Lahore Ahmadiyya Before we begin, I’d like to share with you a short story Movement and the work that is currently being done by the about two friends of mine, both of whom are non- USA branch. Muslims. They were traveling in the Middle East, back- packing, and were on a journey in a desert between two But first, by way of introduction, I’d like to take a few Bedouin villages. They were tired, hungry and thirsty. minutes to provide a brief overview of the origins and Suddenly they saw in the distance, what appeared to be a objectives of this Movement. mosque. The one friend says the other, let’s go to the The Ahmadiyya Movement was founded in the year mosque, introduce ourselves with Muslims names and we 1889 by Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, a saintly Muslim will surely be welcomed and given nourishment. So they personage who lived in a small village in the Indian sub- arrive at the mosque, the one friend says: “Salaam, My continent named Qadian. Pursuant to the prophecy of the name is Abdul”. The other didn’t feel comfortable with the Holy Prophet Muhammad that a mujaddid (spiritual plan and said: “Hi, my name is Steve”. The person at the reformer) would arise among his followers at the head of mosque that greeted them, quickly called others and said: every century, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad claimed to be “Please take Steve and give him something to eat and the mujaddid (reformer) of the current age. Now, the role drink. Br. Abdul, we still have 8 hours before we break our of a mujaddidis simply to revive the faith; that is, to pro- fast, Happy Ramadan!” Although purely fictional, this vide guidance in terms of interpretation and understanding story provides, I think, a valuable lesson: that it is always of religion and to serve as a model for how to achieve spir- good to present ones’ self openly and honestly. And this is itual development in the contemporary era. Accordingly, what the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement has been doing for Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad’s teachings focused on the Islam for the past 100 years. Islamic basis of spirituality. First and foremost what comes to mind upon hearing Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad expounded on the deep the name Lahore Ahmadiyya, is the literature that has been insights contained in the Holy Quran that not only served produced by this Movement. Literature that is world- as food for the soul, but also the mind. His teachings and (cid:0) 4 THE LIGHT AND ISLAMIC REVIEW jULy – SEPTEMBER 2014 lessons presented Islam as a spiritual faith and one that res- He goes on to write: onates with logic and rationality. And as a practical matter, Our God has not withheld His bounty from any peo- his teachings showed how the religion of Islam provides ple. The powers and faculties which He bestowed on solutions for mankind in an age consumed by materialism the ancient peoples of India, have also been and disregard for the higher values upon which all faith bestowed on the Arabs, the Persians, the Syrians, the traditions are based (whether it be truthfulness, justice, Chinese, the Japanese, the Europeans and the compassion, forgiveness, honest dealings, etc.). Wars for Americans. For all of them, the earth of God serves land, resources and power over the past century (including as a floor, and for all of them His sun, moon, and the two world wars ) revealed the terribly destructive stars give light ... All of them derive benefit from the potential of man that had never been witnessed before, air, water, fire, earth and other things created by millions upon million having been killed. And this reform God, and all of them use the produce of the earth ... initiative by Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was based on These liberal ways of God teach us that we also the premise that the achievement of peace in the world is should do good to all mankind, and should not be dependent on the spiritual reformation of the individual. narrow-minded, nor limit our sympathy (for any- The reformation of the individual, is what leads to the ref- one). ormation of a community, then of an entire people, and then of humanity. In essence, it was a call for individual Now, as a consequence to articulating this position of responsibility. you are all familiar with the famous words the universality of God and the need for man to manifest of President Kennedy: “Ask not what your country can do the same approach in his or her dealings with others, it was for you; ask what you can do for your country”. Hazrat necessary for Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad to call out the Mirza Ghulam Ahmad’s mission entailed asking what each extremist religious personalities who were preaching a dis- individual can do for humanity, in terms of bringing peace torted and perverted interpretation of the concept of jihad to the world. in Islam. And relatedly, he called attention to the true char- acter of the Holy Prophet Muhammad as a mercy to all And integral to this initiative of reviving this principle nations and not a proponent of warfare, as many have tried of individual reformation among Muslims, was to remove to portray him as. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad wrote: the belief that Islam condones hostility, aggression and intolerance. Looking around the world today, we see how The ignorant religious leaders have greatly deceived aptly identified this focus was and how imperative it is in the masses and declared acts of brutality, cruelty order to establish peace in the modern world. Whether it be and inhumanity to be the key to attaining paradise. international networks like Al Qaeeda and its calls for ter- Is it a virtuous deed that there is a man going about rorism, or ISIS in the Middle East and its so-called in the market place, we have no connection with him “Islamic Caliphate” based on oppression of others and bru- so much so that we don’t know his name and he tal treatment of anyone not following its ways, or even doesn’t know ours, but despite this he is shot at with groups like Boko Haram in Nigeria which has received a the intention to kill him? Is this religious behavior? lot of attention due to their heinous kidnappings of inno- cent school girls – they all claim to be following Islam in Contrast this with those pious early Muslims order to justify their political agendas. This reform by whom God instructed in Makkah not to respond Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was aimed at stripping these with violence even if they were cut to pieces. Alas, misguided people from the garb of Islam that they wear to today the religious leaders have forgotten all those claim authority and to recruit the ignorant and uninformed. events, and think that to fire a gun at an innocent man constitutes Islam. In a very moving passage in a book titled “Message of Peace”, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad explains that the The ignorant ones have merely heard the word God of Islam is described in the Quran as a God of love, “jihad” and are using it as a pretext and cover mercy and compassion, and that intolerance is antithetical for satisfying their own selfish ends, or purely out of to an understanding of the Divine in this faith. He wrote: fanaticism and lunacy are perpetrating bloodshed. Friends, ponder for God’s sake, and say whether This Movement created by Hazrat Mirza Ghulam such beliefs are acceptable to reason, whether there Ahmad advocated the belief that Muslims do not need to is anything in human conscience which responds to focus on being strong military to defend their faith from them. I cannot see how a rational being can believe, others, but rather the true and pure teachings of Islam are on the one hand, that God is the Lord of the whole such that if presented to people its beauty would be natu- universe, and yet say, on the other, that He has with- rally apparent, and that this is how Islam spread in the drawn His fostership and care from the greater part early years, not by force as many have come to believe. of the world, and that His love and mercy is confined And he named the Movement “Ahmadiyya” after the Holy to one people and one country. Prophet Muhammad’s other name “Ahmad”, which signi- (cid:0) jULy – SEPTEMBER 2014 THE LIGHT AND ISLAMIC REVIEW 5 fies one who is patient and shows perseverance in times of ues to influence modern Islamic thought. The reason for its trials (and reflects the period of the Holy Prophet widespread appeal and acclaim is that Maulana Muhammad’s life in Mecca in which he and the early Muhammad Ali “wielded a scholar’s pen with a saint’s Muslims suffered severe persecution and bore it all hand.”] patiently). And members of this Movement pledged to revive this example of the Holy Prophet Muhammad’s Early Years I am honoured to make this short presentation about the character and promote the spiritual basis of the Islamic life and work of Maulana Muhammad Ali, the founder of faith to others.Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad explained: the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement and translator of the Those who join my army, I order them to give up Holy Quran into English. Who then was this man? What these ideas [of a jihad of war], and to purify their do we know about him? hearts, develop and nurture their feelings of mercy towards all humankind and be helpers of those in Maulana Muhammad Ali was born in the Punjab, India distress and suffering. They should spread peace on in 1874. He was a gifted child. When his elder brother earth, as this is how their religion will spread. began to attend primary school at age seven, Maulana Muhammad was three and a half years old. The toddler Today we hear calls for a Gandhi or a Martin Luther King would accompany his elder brother daily to school which or a Nelson Mandela of the Muslim world – yet many are was about a two mile walk from the house. The teacher, unaware that the non-violent movement founded by Hazrat who would affectionately call him “my assistant”, soon Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was established over a century ago. began to notice that the child was learning faster than And the person who played the role like that of a many of the older children in the class. And when the General of this spiritual army, devoting his life to further- examination for advancing to the next class came around, ing this cause, was Maulana Muhammad Ali. He served as he easily passed the exam. faithful student at the feet of the mujaddid (spiritual Although his father was not wealthy, he managed to reformer) of the age, and as you will hear about in the next send both sons to the prestigious Lahore Government presentation, along other senior companions of Hazrat College where Maulana Muhammad Ali obtained his Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, founded the Lahore Ahmadiyya Bachelor of Arts degree in 1894, standing first in the Movement, in the year 1914, 100 years ago, to continue University with his major in mathematics. This was fol- the practical work envisioned by the founder. lowed by a Master of Arts degree in English in 1896, after Which brings me to the end of my introduction. I thank which he commenced studies in law. He distinguished (cid:0) you for your attention. himself in law school by securing second, first and third positions in the three law examinations. All this time he supported himself by teaching mathematics, first in A Mighty Striving Islamia College and later in Oriental College, Lahore. When he applied for a professorship in Mathematics in Maulana Muhammad Ali, the Establishment of the Islamia College, his professor in his recommendation letter Lahore Section of the Ahmadiyya Movement, and wrote a single line: “He is the best Mathematician in the the Literature that would Influence Modern University.” At nineteen years old, he was the youngest professor in the college with most of his students older Islamic Thought than himself. He was liked and respected by students and faculty for his honesty, integrity and piety. Whenever peo- By Dr. Noman Malik ple wanted to praise a person they would say “He is anoth- [This article was presented at the Lahore Ahmadiyya er Muhammad Ali”. He also cleared the rigorous tradition- Islamic Society’s centenary anniversary celebration, held al examinations of Munshi Fazil and Maulvi Fazil which in conjunction with its annual convention in Columbus, gave him mastery over Persian (Farsi) and Classical Ohio, on August 16, 2014. In this presentation, Dr. Noman Arabic and entitled him to use the honorific title Maulvi Malik (who is Maulana Muhammad Ali’s grandson) pro- before his name. vides an evocative look at the life of the founder of the Lahore section of the Ahmadiyya Movement. The details Introduction to Ahmadiyyat provided by Dr. Malik reveal that Maulana Muhammad Ali Maulana Muhammad Ali, his brother and father heard was gifted as a child, excelled in academics in his college about the saintly reputation of Hazrat Mirza Ghulam. They years, and later became the extension of Hazrat Mirza had been convinced about the truth of his claims after read- Ghulam Ahmad’s mission of reviving the true spirit of ing some of his books, but as yet had not taken the pledge Islam in the modern age. His literary works are world to join the Ahmadiyya Movement. While Maulana renowned for its scholarship and authenticity, and contin- Muhammad Ali was in law school, he met Khwaja (cid:0) 6 THE LIGHT AND ISLAMIC REVIEW jULy – SEPTEMBER 2014 Kamaluddin who later would found the Woking Mission in majority decision of the governing body would be England (which we shall hear more about later in the sym- supreme. posium) and they became fast friends. Khwaja Kamaluddin had already joined the Ahmadiyya Death of Hazrat Mirza Sahib and Split in the Movement, and in 1897, Maulana Muhammad Ali visited Movement Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad died in 1908 and was suc- Qadian with his friend Khwaja Kamaluddin and personally ceeded by Maulana Nuruddin who died in 1914. In 1914, took the pledge at the hands of Hazrat Mirza Ghulam to Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad’s son became the head of the join the Ahmadiyya Movement. His brother, father and Movement, and he introduced two innovations that were other family members soon followed suit. totally opposed to Hazrat Mirza Sahib’s views. Briefly, While in law school he would translate Hazrat Mirza these were as follows: Sahib’s articles into English and write articles in defense The first was the assertion that Mirza Gulam Ahmad of his views. In the weekends, he and Khawaja Kamal-ud- was a prophet and that any one who did not believe din would regularly visit Hazrat Mirza Sahib in Qadian, in him as such was a non-Muslim; which was situated about sixty miles from Lahore. The second was that the edict of the leader of the Devotion to Hazrat Mirza Sahib’s Mission Movement superseded that of the 14 member demo- In 1900 when he had completed law school and was mak- cratic body (“Anjuman”) created by HMGA to gov- ing preparations to start his law practice in a town close to ern the affairs of the Movement. Qadian, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad asked him to spend some time with him in Qadian before commencing his law These two developments, the first destroying the unity practice. Maulana Muhammad Ali gladly accepted the of Muslims and the second the principle of democratic invitation and stayed for about six months with him. As the governance, prompted Maulana Muhammad Ali and the time for his departure approached, Hazrat Mirza Sahib majority of the senior members, who had been hand- asked him to stay with him in Qadian and dedicate his life picked by Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad to be members of to the service of Islam. This young man with a brillant aca- the Anjuman, to leave Qadian and establish the Ahmadiyya demic record and law degrees was poised to start a life of Anjuman Ishaat Islam (Lahore) in 1914 in Lahore, India. worldly success, but the natural inclinination towards the The express purpose of the new organization was to divine which was already present in his heart had been set remain focused on the objective of bringing the unifying, ablaze by the spiritual teachings and saintly personality of tolerant and peaceful message of Islam to a strife ridden Hazrat Mirza Sahib and he readily accepted Hazrat Mirza humanity. This group headed by Maulana Muhammad Ali, Sahib’s offer. would continue the practical missionary work of the In 1901 Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad initiated an Movement, primarily by producing a library of books on English Magazine titled Review of Religions, which would Islam aimed at introducing the faith to a western audience, be the first ever English periodical to present the Islamic and secondarily by establishing centers in the West to faith and values to a Western Audience. Because of his spread that literature. The bulk of this literature would be sterling moral character, competence, integrity and an produced by Maulana Muhammad Ali. excellent command of English, Maulana Muhammad Ali The Mighty Striving was appointed as its Editor. Under his editorship, the mag- The Arabic word “Jihad” means to strive or struggle and azine quickly became popular and elicited praise for the implies a struggle to amend or remedy a situation. To high quality of its articles from many people around the spread the word of God so it may enable people to develop globe including the likes of Alexander Russell Webb and the Divine within themselves, so they are able control their Count Tolstoy. Most of these articles were written by lower desires and treat each other with justice and love, is Hazrat Mirza Sahib and translated into English by surely an act of doing the greatest good to mankind. In the Maulana Muhammad Ali. In 1905 Hazrat Mirza Sahib Holy Quran this has been referred to as the Jihad un formed a fourteen member governing body (“Anjuman”) kabirunor the “mighty striving”and hence the title of this to run the affairs of the organization along democratic talk. lines, and Maulana Muhammad Ali was appointed as the Secretary of this governing body. A key provision in the Although Maulana Muhmmad Ali had been editor of constitution of this governing body was that the decision the Review of Religions for over a decade and had written of the majority of members could overide the decision of articles about Islam and religion in general, it would not be the Head of the Movement including that of Hazrat Mirza till 1917 when with the publication of his famed English Ghulam Ahmad’s except in certain spiritual matters. translation of the Holy Quran, his mighty striving, the Hazrat Mirza Sahib took care to emphasize that this excep- Jihad-un-kabirun, would truly begin. And what a mighty tion was limited only to his lifetime and after his death the striving it indeed would be! (cid:0) jULy – SEPTEMBER 2014 THE LIGHT AND ISLAMIC REVIEW 7 For the next 34 years he would produce 83 major books position with regard to worship and religious duties, on Islam and comparative religion, with several running the author shows a wide field in which changes are into thousands of pages each and entailing thorough origi- lawful and may be desirable… Such a book is greatly nal research of both the classical literature of Islam and needed at the present day when in many Muslim modern Western Scholarship; 96 tracts and booklets, con- countries we see persons eager for the reformation cise, informative and replete with knowledge; a collection and revival of Islam, making mistakes through lack of Friday sermons (khutbas) in 25 volumes averaging 300- of just this knowledge. 400 pages per volume; and a collection of articles in 20 A more recent review is by Antony T. Sullivan, from the volumes averaging the same number of pages per volume Center for Middle Eastern and North African Studies, The as the collected sermons. And what is more remarkable is University of Michigan. He writes: that this literature was produced whilst he was fully preoc- cupied with setting up and sustaining a new organization. This book is among the most important single-vol- ume studies of Islam written during the 20th centu- This mighty striving actually was the continuation of ry… Maulana Muhammad Ali’s masterwork should the work of Hazrat Mirza Ghulam, as Maulana be required reading for Muslims and non-Muslims Muhammad Ali himself acknowledges in his Preface to his alike…remains especially useful for all those inter- Holy Quran Translation and Commentary: ested in Christian-Muslims relations, and is indis- And lastly, the greatest religious leader of the pres- pensable to any serious student of Islam. ent time, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian, has The excellence of Maulana Muhamamd Ali’s English inspired me with all that is best in this work. I have Translation and Commentary of the Holy Quran can also drunk deep at the fountain of knowledge which this be judged by the reviews of the book by several well- great Reformer — Mujaddid of the present century known orthodox Muslims who were themselves translators and founder of the Ahmadiyya Movement — has of the Holy Quran. For example, Abdul Majid Daryabadi, made to flow. There is one more person whose name leader of Muslim Orthodox opinion in India and a holy I must mention in this connection, the late Maulawi Quran translator himself, in his review of Maulana Hakim Nur-ud-Din, who in his last long illness Muhammad Ali’s work states: patiently went through much the greater part of the explanatory notes and made many valuable sugges- To deny the excellence of Maulana Muhammad Ali’s tions. To him, indeed, the Muslim world owes a deep translation, the influence it has exercised and its debt of gratitude as the leader of the new turn given proselytizing utility, would be to deny the light of the to the exposition of the Holy Quran. He has done his sun … Speaking of my own self, I gladly admit that work and passed away silently, but it is a fact that he this translation was one of the few books which spent the whole of his life in studying the Holy brought me towards Islam fifteen or sixteen years Quran, and must be ranked with the greatest expos- ago when I was groping in the darkness of atheism itors of the Holy Book. and skepticism. The two most well-known books in English in this Hafiz Ghulam Sarwar, another author of a popular treasure trove of books produced by Maulana Muhammad translation of the Holy Quran into English wrote: Ali are undoubtedly the English translation (and Commentary) of the Holy Quran and the monumental The English translation of the Holy Quran is not the encyclopedic work on Islam, The Religion of Islam. The only book he has written, but it is the one by which impact that these books had on the understanding and he will perhaps become an immortal amongst those appreciation of Islam can be judged from its reviews, both who have written about the Holy Quran. … The at the time of their publication and more recently. English of the Preface and the notes is unimpeach- able, and Maulvi Muhammad Ali has corrected the One of the earliest and most eloquent of the reviews of mistakes of the previous translators in scores of pas- the Religion of Islamwhich is as relevant today as when it sages; and wherever he differs from them his render- was written in 1937 is that by the famous translator of the ing is either the correct and most authoritative one Holy Quran into English, Mr. Marmaduke Pickthall. He or has at the back of it full support to be found in the writes: standard dictionaries of Arabic. … There is no other Probably no man living has done longer or more translation or commentary of the Holy Quran in the valuable service for the cause of Islamic Revival English language to compete with Maulvi than Maulana Muhammad Ali of Lahore… In our Muhammad Ali’s masterpiece. … both editions have opinion the present volume is his finest work. had phenomenal success and popularity amongst all Without moving a hair’s breadth from the traditional classes of Muslims. (cid:0) 8 THE LIGHT AND ISLAMIC REVIEW jULy – SEPTEMBER 2014 The third book which has been of immense value in him His mercy. In this valuable book I have seen defending Islam is Muhammad the Prophet. In this thor- devotion, truthfulness of faith and useful knowledge. oughly researched biography of the Holy Prophet I pray to Allah, the Honourable, the Majestic, to Muhammad, Maulana Muhammad Ali refutes those consider this great book as a part of his good deeds. charges against the Holy Prophet Muhammad which are a Peace and Blessing of Allah be upon Prophet blot on his character and depict him as being unfit to be a Muhammad and upon his family and companions. prophet of God. He presents historical evidence that con- The Religion of Islamwas the first of the nine books by clusively proves that the wars of the Holy Prophet were Maulana Muhammad Ali which were given certificates of defensive, and that the multiple marriages he contracted approval by Al Azhar al Shareef. Sheikh Tantawi was very were not to satisfy his carnal desires, but rather to provide impressed by the content of the Book and he personally protection to widows or promote peace among warring wrote the honorific Allama in front of the name of tribes. He also proves that Hazrat Ayesha was past the age Maulana Muhammad Ali. He then called his personal of puberty when she married the Holy Prophet printer and asked him to undertake the publication of the Muhammad, thereby absolving him of the charge that he book. Subsequently on many occasions, he would consult had marital relations with a minor. The result is a portrayal the Religion of Islambefore giving a speech or lecture. For of the Holy Prophet as a great benefactor of mankind and instance, when Pope Benedict made certain controversial an ideal exemplar for spiritual development. This theme, remarks about Islam, Sheikh Tantawi formulated a reply that the wars of the early Muslims were of a defensive titled A Peaceful Dialogue with the Pope,and in it he quot- nature, is continued in his book The Early Caliphate. In ed from the Religion of Islam when explaining the term this book he offers historical evidence that these wars were Jihad: waged, not for loot or conquest, but rather in response to aggression by the much more militarily powerful Romans … The western writers were mistaken when they and Persians. The role of these books in clearing miscon- interpreted the word Jihad in Islam to be war and ceptions about the Holy prophet Muhammad and the early fighting only. Seventy years ago Maulana Muslim wars is acknowledged by reviews of the two Muhammad Ali explained Jihad in his valuable book The Religion of Islam stating on page 413. books. The review in the New Orient states: He then proceeded to quote directly from The Religion … He has now produced a biography of the Prophet of Islam showing that Jihad means primarily a spiritual of Islam in English… It is not only Muslims who struggle to better a situation. should feel grateful to him for the publication. The book should, indeed, give greater gratification to the This book is being distributed free in Egypt by the English-speaking non -Muslims, whom it gives an Lahore Ahmadiyya Islamic Society together with the opportunity of knowing the truth about the life and Arabic Translation of Mohammad the Prophet, Living personality of one who is admitted on all hands to be Thoughts of Prophet Muhammad, Manual of Hadith, Jihad the greatest reformer in the history of the world. in Islam, and the Arabic translation of the Ahmadiyya Movement. Twenty thousand of these books have been dis- Another review in the Islamic Culture, published from tributed so far. As the demand for this literature is so great, Hyderabad Deccan, states: we are planning on a wide-spread distribution project in (1) Muhammad The Prophet, (2) The Early other Arabic speaking countries as well. Caliphate, by Muhammad Ali, together constitute the most complete and satisfactory history of the Scholars Pen in a Saint’s Hand What makes the literature produced by Maulana early Muslims hitherto compiled in English. Muhammad Ali so attractive to people? The reason why Resurgence of Appreciation in the Muslim World Maulana Muhammad Ali’s writings are so acclaimed is Recently, many of the books by Maulana Muhammad Ali that he wielded a scholar’s pen with a saint’s hand. He have been certified by Al Azhar-Al Sharif in Cairo, Egypt. firmly believed that the truth of Islam would be spread not One of the most significant reviews is that of the Arabic by any physical army, but by exposing its beautiful teach- translation of the Religion of Islamby Sheikh Muhammad ings to the world. The literature is solidly based on the cor- Tantawi, the late Grand Imam of Al Azhar al Shareef, rect understanding of the Holy Quran as is disclosed to Egypt. The manuscript of the Arabic Translation was given those servants of God who have a connection with Him. to Sheikh Tantawi for review by Mrs. Samina Malik. When The resulting reason, light, logic, justice and goodness he completed the review of the manuscript, he called which permeate his writings are what attract the hearts of Samina, and in front of her penned the following foreword. people. I have read the book titled “Religion of Islam” by There are several distinguishing characteristics of this Allama Maulana Muhammad Ali, may Allah grant literature: (cid:0) jULy – SEPTEMBER 2014 THE LIGHT AND ISLAMIC REVIEW 9 • It establishes unity among Muslims by prohibiting Pickthall’s work is not very much more than a revi- takfirof a Muslim who recites the kalmia(or confes- sion of the Ahmadiyya version.(p. 289) sion of faith); We think it will now be evident to the reader how • It firmly establishes the absolute finality of prophet- much Mr. Pickthall is indebted to the version of hood by presenting the view that no prophet can Maulvi Muhammad Ali, not only for his footnotes but appear after the holy prophet Muhammad neither also for the translation itself. (p. 293). whether old nor new; By comparing these two passages with Mr. Sarwar’s • It establishes the unity of mankind and religious tol- rendering given on page 133 of the last issue of this eration on the basis of Quranic verses which declare journal, it will be seen that both Mr. Sarwar and Mr. that all revealed religions are from God and their Pickthall have followed MA very closely. (p. 294). founders are messengers of God even though they Similar views have been expressed by other writers. may not be mentioned in the Holy Quran; The author of Islam in its True Light calls Maulana • It presents the correct concept of Jihadas primarily Muhammad Ali’s Translation “a leading star for subse- a spiritual struggle, with physical fighting allowed quent similar Muslim works” (p. 69) and mentions both only in self-defense under strictly limited circum- Mr. Sarwar and Mr. Pickthall as following it closely. In stances; America, this English Translation of the Quran was held above all others by the likes of Malcom X. Interesting, it • It clearly establishes that there is no punishment of was recently learned that Mahathama Gandhi would read death for apostasy; the Maulana Muhammad Quran Translation (and not any • It shows that there is no concubinage in Islam; others, despite several being available) every morning, together with readings from the bible and the Bhagwad • It establishes the primacy of the Holy Quran in Gita. Some of Gandhi’s close associates such as Dr. deciding all religious matters; Rhadakrishnan, the Indian President, would do the same. • It proves that there is no abrogation of Quranic verses; Legacy of Islamic Revival • It promotes the correct concept of the afterlife (heav- In August 1951, Maulana Muhammad Ali received a mes- en and hell); sage, channeled through the Government of Pakistan, from the famous orientalist Professor Kraemer of Holland. The • It proves that the door of Ijtihad(using the faculty of Professor had formed a board of writers for the reasoning) is still open. Encyclopaedia of Islam, and had himself proposed the This literature addresses and removes misconceptions name of Maulana Muhammad Ali to join this group of about religion in general and Islam in particular among writers. He expressed the hope that the Maulana, despite both Muslims and Non-Muslims. The result is a presenta- his poor health, could join the board in view of the great tion of Islam in its original splendor – a religion of spiritu- importance of this work, particularly for Muslims all over ality, light and reason which is universally appealing and the world and generally for everyone else as well. In reply acceptable to humanity. Maulana Muhammad Ali expressed his happy willingness to accept this responsibility, but God had willed otherwise. Sometimes it is difficult to fathom the extent of the As soon as the revision of the second edition of his Holy influence Maulana Muhammad Ali’s literature had on the Quran translation was completed, the Maulana died in world. Maulana Muhammad Ali’s literature provided the October 1951. educational basis for the early Islamic missions in the West (more on this will be presented later in the program). It In the end I would like to strongly emphasize that also served as a precedent for others who would follow in Maulana Muhammad Ali’s work was not simply an academ- this work. In particular, two famous translators of the Holy ic feat, but rather it was an expression of love for humanity Quran into English, Marmaduke Pickthal and Muhammad which sprang from his deep faith in a Merciful, Living God, Asad, personally sought guidance from him while engaged as put forth in the teachings of the Holy Quran and of the in their respective works and benefitted greatly from his Holy Prophet Muhammad – a love he inherited from his work. The following quotations from a review in Revd. mentor, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad. It is a love which Zwemer’s quarterly The Moslem World (july 1931), pub- only a persons with a close connection with God can have, lished from the Hartford Seminary in Connecticut, furnish- such as the prophets of God or the saints of high eminence. es interesting reading inthis connection: And the ardor of his concern and care for humanity is appar- ent in this appeal of his to the members of his community: A careful comparison of Mr. Pickthall’s translation with that of the Ahmadiyya translator, Maulvi Rise up at night and pray. To be enabled to serve the Muhammad Ali, shows conclusively, that Mr. Quran is a great blessing. Implore God to grant you (cid:0) 10 THE LIGHT AND ISLAMIC REVIEW jULy – SEPTEMBER 2014 the spiritual strength by which you can carry the received them. Among these books are The Religion of light of the Quran to others. I appeal to all members Islam, Mohammad the Prophet, Living Thoughts of of the Jamaat that if they want to succeed in achiev- Prophet Muhammad and Ahmadiyya Movement by ing their magnificent goal, there is only one way — Maulana Muhammad Ali, and Sirr-ul-Khilafa, The prayer. As much as possible they must cry before Teaching of Islam, Hamamatul Bushra, Mawahabur God and keep their stress on prayer, so much so that Rahman, Tafsir Surah Fatiha by Hazrat Mirza Ghulam prayer must be uppermost in their minds during all Ahmad. The stock of books were finished in a few weeks activities … While prayers in congregation are a time. We are happy to know that you will be sending more means of attaining a high goal, you must also say books in the future. some of your prayers in solitude, in some corner of These books contain useful knowledge and those the house where there is no one to see you but God. Islamic truths which are greatly needed in the world today Develop the kind of prayer in which, when you are in to bring peace and harmony among humanity. The prostration before God and the time comes to rise Foreword written in the Religion of Islam by Sheikh from it, you feel unable to lift your head. Muhammad Tantawi, the late Grand Imam of Alazhar Al … Ask only of this, yearn only for this, shed tears Sharif, describes this literature very well. We pray to only for this, seek that which has been destined to Almighty Allah that the ideals of Islam present in these happen. books will bring peace among the Muslims and among We are told in the Quran that those who die in God’s people in general. way are not really dead. In the case of Maulana I would like to point out those features which make Muhammad Ali, we can see how his mighty striving lives these books very valuable in promoting peace and harmo- on after his death by way of his substantial contributions to (cid:0) ny, especially in the Middle East in these troubled times, Islamic literature. and with which we are in full agreement. These teachings in the literature of the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement have the full backing of the Holy Quran and the authentic hadith A Needed Message of the Holy Prophet Muhammmad. These teachings are present in the writings of Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, The Importance of the Ideology promoted by the the reformer of the age, and have greatly inspired Maulana Lahore Ahmadiyya Islamic Society in a time of Muhammad Ali, as he has acknowledged in the Preface of unrest throughout the Muslim World his translation of the Holy Quran. But before I discuss these features, I would like to make By Sheikh Alaa Abul Azayem the general observation that that despite the fact that the [This article was presented at the Lahore Ahmadiyya truth is clear and is always supported by manifest proofs, Islamic Society’s centenary anniversary celebration, held only those intellectuals with inspired minds are wise in conjunction with its annual convention in Columbus, enough to follow it, and among these are few. And this is Ohio, on August 16, 2014. Sheikh Alaa Abul Azayem is because the act of following the truth is burdensome and Head of the Al-Azmeyya Order, a prominent sufi group in difficult, yet it is through following the truth that great Egypt. He graduated from the Faculty of Science at Assiut things and blessings accrue to people as a reward from University in 1967 and became the Head of Azmeyya Allah Almighty. Those who find it difficult to follow the Order in 1994. Sheikh Azayem is also a member of the right surely end up losing in their spiritual life and powers, Supreme Council of Sufi Orders. As is reflected in his and become mired in a life of evil and misdeeds. address, Sheikh Azayem has been a wonderful partner with the Lahore Ahmadiyya Islamic Society by helping facilitate The following are the features in the Lahore Ahmadiyya the distribution of our Arabic literature in Egypt. The literature which promote peace and harmony: video recording of the presentations given at the sympo- • The first feature is that that the Holy Prophet sium are available at: http://vimeo.com/album/3039057.] Muhammad, may the peace and blessing of Allah be All praise is due God, and his blessing and peace be upon him, is the last and final Prophet and no upon our master the Holy Prophet Muhammad. I am very prophet can come after him, neither new nor old. As happy to address you on this occasion of the centenary it states in the Holy Quran: anniversary of the Lahore Ahmadiyya Islamic Society. Muhammad is not the father of any man among It give me great pleasure to inform you that the books you, but he is the messenger of Allah and the Seal donated by your organization for free distribution in Egypt of the Prophets; and Allah is ever-Aware of all were accepted and greatly appreciated by people who things” (Ahzab:40).