Editors Alan N. Houghton THE Maclyn McCarty William A. Muller JOURNAL OF Carl Nathan Michel Nussenzweig EXPERIMENTAL David N. Posnett Ralph Steinman MEDICINE Sasha Tarakhovsky Advisory Editors Paul Allen John Fraser Xiaojing Ma Matthew D. Scharff Frederick W. Alt Shu Man Fu H.R. MacDonald Hans Schreiber K. Frank Austen Stephen J. Galli Linda MacPhail Gerold Schuler Marco Baggiolini Ronald N. Germain Bernard Malissen Robert A. Seder Jacques Banchereau Laurie H. Glimcher Philippa Marrack Rafick-P. Sekaly Albert Bendelac Pierre Golstein Diane Mathis Charles N. Serhan Michael J. Bevan Christopher Goodnow Lloyd F. Mayer Stephen Shaw Christine Biron Siamon Gordon Ira Mellman Alan Sher Christian Bogdan Emil C. Gotschlich Louis H. Miller Roy L. Silverstein Thierry Boon Sergio Grinstein John P. Moore Alfred Singer Thomas J. Braciale Pierre A. Henkart Michael Neuberger Jonathan Sprent Hal E. Broxmeyer David D. Ho Victor Nussenzweig Susan Swain Michael Carroll Tasuku Honjo Anne O’Garra Giorgio Trinchieri Yongwon Choi KayoInaba Eric Pamer Herbert Virgin Robert L. Coffman Ralph Isberg William E. Paul Ulrich von Andrian Jason Cyster John W. Kappler Bice Perussia Harald von Boehmer Lisa Denzin Elliott Kieff Hidde Ploegh Sharon M.Wahl Keith Elkon Tadamitsu Kishimoto Daniel A. Portnoy Arthur Weiss Victor H. Engelhard Seymour J. Klebanoff Klaus Rajewsky Raymond M. Welsh Ferric Fang Gary Koretzky Anjana Rao Zena Werb Anthony S. Fauci Tomohiro Kurosaki Jeffrey Ravetch Linda S. Wicker Douglas T. Fearon Lewis L. Lanier Westley H. Reeves Ian Wilson Vincent A. Fischetti Antonio Lanzavecchia A.B. Rickinson Samuel D. Wright Amanda Fisher Michael J. Lenardo Steven Rosen Wayne M.Yokoyama Editorial Assistants Karen Cheung • Mary E. Donnelly • Nickey Henry Copyediting and Production Henry Chou • Alexandra E. MacWade • Jessica H. Dickson Production Director Suzanne M. Runyan Electronic Publishing Dir Robert J. O’Donnell Volume 197, 2003 'O, ^ the rockefeller ? UNIVERSITY - Published semimonthly by The Rockefeller University Press www.jem.org Copyright © 2003 by The Rockefeller University Press Contents Volume 197 No. 1 January 6, 2003 Commentary 1 Stefan H.E. Kaufmann and Ulrich E. Schaihle. A dangerous liaison between two major killers: Mycoihutcriiini ttiherciilosis and HIV target dendritic cells through HC'-SICIN Articles 7 Tennis B.H. Geijtenheek, Sandra J. van Vliet, Estella A. Koppel, Marta Sanchez-Hernandez, Christine M.J.E. Vandenhrouclte-Granls, Ben Appelmelk, and Yvette van Kooyh. Mycobacteria target DC'-SICN to suppress dendritic cell function 19 Melanie S. Vacchio and Richard J. Modes. Cl)28 costinuilation is required for in vivo induction of peripheral tolerance in Cd)S T cells 27 Dehora R. Seki^uchi, Robert A. Eisenher^, and Martin IVei^ert. Secondary' heavy chain rear¬ rangement: a mechanism for generating anti-double-stranded DNA B cells 41 Steffen Massher^, Meinrad Gatvaz, Sabine Griiner, Valerie Schulte, Ildiko Konrad, Dietlind Zohln- hdfer, Ulrich Heinzmann, and Bernhard Niestvandt. A crucial role of glycoprotein VI for platelet recruitment to the injured arterial wall in vivo 51 Clint S. Schmidt, Jinqi Lin, Tonj^hai Zhang, Ho Yeong Song, George Sandusky, Karen Mintze, Robert J. Benschop, Andrew Glasebrook, Derek D. Yang, and Songqing Na. Enhanced B cell ex¬ pansion, suiwival, and humoral responses by targeting death receptor 6 63 Hyunsil Han, Michele Fuortes, and Carl Nathan. Oitical role of the carboxyl terminus of pro¬ line-rich tyrosine kinase (Byk2) in the activation of human neutrophils by tumor necrosis factor: separation of signals for the respiratory burst and degranulation 77 Carsten Watzl and Eric O. Long. Natural killer cell inhibitory' receptors block actin cytoskele- ton-dependent recruitment of2B4 (Cd)244) to lipid rafts 87 Kyoko Hayakawa, Masanao Asano, Susan A. Shinton, Ming Gui, Li-Jun Wen,Joni Dashqff, and Richard R. Hardy. Positive selection of anti-Thy-1 autoreactive B-1 cells and natural serum au¬ toantibody production independent from bone marrow B cell dev'elopment 101 Andre Boonstra, Carine Asselin-Paturel, Michel Gilliet, Chad Crain, Giorgio Trinchieri, Yong- Jun Liu, and Anne O’Garra. Flexibility of mouse classical and plasmacytoid-derived dendritic cells in directing T helper type 1 and 2 cell development: dependency on antigen dose and ditler- ential toll-like receptor ligation 111 Kevin J. Maloy, Laurence Salaun, Rachel Cahill, Gordon Dougan, Nigel J. Saunders, and Fiona Potvrie. Cd)4^('l)25‘ T|<^ cells suppress innate immune pathology’ through cytokine-dependent mechanisms Brief Definitive Reports 121 Ludovic Tailleu.x, Olivier Schwartz, Jean-Louis Herrmann, Elisabeth Pivert, Mary Jackson, Ali Amara, Luc Legres, Donatus Dreher, Laurent P. Nicod, Jean Claude Gluckman, Philippe H. Lagrange, Brigitte Gicquel, and Olivier Neyrolles. DOSICIN is the major Mycobacterium tuberculo¬ sis receptor on human dendritic cells 129 Sliunsuke Chikuma, John B. Imboden, and Jeffrey A. Bluestone. Negative regulation of T cell receptor-lipid raft interaction by cytotoxic T lymphocyte—associated antigen 4 j iii C'ontciits I Volume 197 No. 2 January 20, 2003 Commentary 137 Britta C. Urban and David J. Roberts. Inhibition ot T cell function during malaria: implications for immunology' and vaccinologv' Articles 143 Carlos Ocaiia-Mor^ner, Maria M. Mota, and Ana Rodrigues. Malaria blood stage suppression of liver stage immunity by dendritic cells 153 Xinyan Zhao, Esztcr Deak, Kelly Soderberg, Melissa Linehan, David Spezzano, Jia ZItn, David M. Knipe, and Akiko Iivasaki. Vaginal submucosal dendritic cells, but not Langerhans cells, in¬ duce protective Th 1 responses to herpes simplex virus-2 163 Hans-Jiirg^en Gober, Magdalena Kistowska, Lena Angman, Paul Jen'd, Lucia Mori, and Gennaro De Libero. Human T cell receptor yb cells recognize endogenous mevalonate metabolites in tu¬ mor cells 169 Courtney Beers, Karen Honey, Susan Fink, Katherine Forbush, and Alexander Rndensky. Differential regulation of cathepsin S and cathepsin L in interferon 7—treated macrophages 181 Max Ldhning, Andreas Hntlqff, Tilmann Kallinich, Hans Werner Mages, Kerstin Bonhagen, Andreas Radbruch, Fckard Hameltnann, and Richard A. Kroczek. Expression of K-OS in vivo defines Cd)4^ effector T cells with high intlammatoiy potential and a strong bias for secretion of interleu¬ kin 10 195 Simon Fillatrean and David Gray. T cell accumulation in 15 cell follicles is regulated by dendritic cells and is independent of 15 cell activation 207 Lindsay G. Cowell, Marco Davila, Kaiyong Yang, Thomas B. Kepler, and Garnett Kelsoe. Prospective estimation of recombination signal efficiency and identification of functional cryptic signals in the genome by statistical modeling 221 Hideki Amano, Iznmi Hayashi, Hirahito Fndo, Hidero Kitasato, Shohei Yamashina, Takayuki Maruyama, Michiyoshi Kobayashi, Kazutoyo Satoh, Masami Narita, Ynkihiko Sngimoto, Takahiko Murata, Hirokuni Yoshimura, Shnh Narnmiya, and Masataka Majima. Host prostaglandin E2- EP3 signaling regulates tumor-associated angiogenesis and tumor growth 233 Alexandra Purdy, Lanre Case, Melody Duvall, Max Overstroni-Coleman, Nilah Monnier, Alex¬ ander Chervonsky, and Tatyana Golovkina. Unique resistance of I/LnJ mice to a retrovirus is due to sustained interferon y-dependent production of virus-neutralizing antibodies 245 Huei-Wei Chan, Zoya B. Kurago, C. Andrew Steivart, Michael J. Wilson, Maureen P. Martin, Brian F. Mace, Mary Carrington, John Trowsdale, and Charles T. Lutz. DNA methylation maintains allele-specific KIR gene expression in human natural killer cells Brief Definitive Reports 257 Yohsuke Harada, Daisuke Ohgai, Ryosuke Watanabe, Kazuhiro Okano, Osamu Koiwai, Kazunari Tanabe, Hiroshi Toma, Amnon Altman, and Ryo Abe. A single amino acid alteration in cyto¬ plasmic domain determines lL-2 promoter activation by ligation of CD28 but not inducible co- stimulator (I COS) 263 Kimberly Burns, Sophie Janssens, Brian Brissoni, Natalia Olivos, Rudi Beyaert, and Jiirg Tschopp. Inhibition ol interleukin 1 receptor/toll-like receptor signaling through the alternatively spliced, short form of MyD88 is due to its failure to recruit IRAK-4 iv C'onteiits Volume 197 No. 3 February 3, 2003 Articles 269 Mirja Homme! and Bruno Kyewski. Dynamic changes during the immune response in T cell—anti¬ gen-presenting cell clusters isolated from lymph nodes 281 Anna Rita Mif^liaccio, Rosa Alba Rana, Massimo Sanchez, Rodolfo Lorenzini, Lucia Centurione, Lucia Bianchi, Alessandro Maria Vannucchi, Giovanni Mi^liaccio, and Stuart H. Orkin. C’.ATA-l as a regulator of mast cell differentiation revealed by the phenotype of the Cl AT A-1'"" mouse mutant 297 Patrizia Scapini, Bernardetta Nardelli, Gianpaolo Nadali, Federica Calzetti, Giovanni Pizzolo, Cesare Montecucco, and Marco A. Cassatella. Cl-CISF—stimulated neutrophils are a prominent source of functional BLyS 303 Jessica C. Fanzo, Chuan-Min Hu, So Youn^ Alessandra B. Pernis. Regulation of lymphocyte apoptosis by interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF-4) 315 Chaity Chaudhury, Samina Mehnaz, John M. Robinson, William L. Hayton, Dennis K. Pearl, Derry C. Roopenian, and Clark L. Anderson. The major histocompatibility complex-related Fc receptor for IgG (FcRn) binds albumin and prolongs its lifespan 323 Urs Eriksson, Michael O. Kitrrer, Ivo Sondereg^er, Giandomenica lezzi, Anna Tafuri, Lukas Hunziker, Shinobu Suzuki, Kurt Bachmaier, Roland M. Bingisser, Josef M. Penninger, and Man- freJ Kopf. Activation of dendritic cells through the interleukin 1 receptor 1 is critical for the in¬ duction of autoimmune myocarditis 333 Delphine Guy-Grand, Orly Azogui, Susanna Celli, Sylvie Darche, Michel C. Nussenziveig, Phil¬ ippe Kourilsky, and Pierre Vassalli. Extrathymic T cell lymphopoiesis: ontogeny and contribu¬ tion to gut intraepithelial lymphocytes in athymic and euthymic mice 343 Mar)' T. Harte, Ismar R. Haga, Geraldine Maloney, Pearl Gray, Patrick C. Reading, Nathan W. Bartlett, Geoffrey L. Smith, Andrew Bowie, and Luke A.J. O’Neill. The poxvirus protein A52R targets Toll-like receptor signaling complexes to suppress host defense 353 Charles G. Lo, Theresa T. Lu, and Jason G. Cyster. Integrin-dependence of lymphocyte entry into the splenic white pulp 363 Xiaolong Liu, Anthony Adams, Kathryn F. Wildt, Bruce Aronoiv, Lionel Feigenbaum, and Rany Bosselut. Restricting Zap70 expression to C"D4*Cd)8* thymocytes reveals a T cell receptor- dependent proofreading mechanism controlling the completion ot positive selection 375 Hiroeki Sahara and Nilabh Shastri. Second class minors: molecular identification of the autoso¬ mal H46 histocompatibility locus as a peptide presented by major histocompatibility complex class 11 molecules Brief Definitive Report 387 Joerg Mattes, Mark Hulett, Wei Xie, Simon Hogan, Marc E. Rothenberg, Paul Foster, and Chris¬ topher Parish. Immunotherapy of cytotoxic T cell—resistant tumors by T helper 2 cells: an eo- taxin and STATb-dependent process 395 Correction Volume 197 No. 4 February 17, 2003 Commentary 397 Shimon Sakaguchi. Control of immune responses by naturally arising CD4" regulatory T cells that express Toll-like receptors Articles 403 Iris Caramalho, Thia^fo Lopes-Carvalho, Dominique Ostler, Santiago Zelenay, Matthias Haury, and Jocelyne Demen^eot. Re^iilatorv' T cells selectively express Toll-like receptors and are acti¬ vated by lipopolysaccharide 413 Adele F. Holloway, Sndha Rao, Xinxin Chen, and M. Frances Shannon. C'hanges in chromatin accessibility across the CiM-C'SF promoter upon T cell activation are dependent on nuclear tactor kB proteins 425 Akira Matsumoto, Yoh-ichi Seki, Ryosuke Watanahe, Katsuhiko Hayashi, James A. Johnston, Yohsuke Harada, Ryo Abe, Akihiko Yoshimura, and Masato Kuho. A role ot suppressor of cyto¬ kine signaling 3 (SCX'S3/CdS3/SSI3) in Cd )28-mediated interleukin 2 production 437 Melissa R. Snyder, Mathias Lucas, Eric Vivier, Cornelia M. Weyand, andJdr^J. Goronzy. Selective activation of the c-Jun NlT-terminal protein kinase signaling pathway by stimulatoiy KIK in the absence of KARA1V1)AP12 in Cd)4^ T cells 451 Thomas Barthlott, Geor}>e Kassiotis, and Bri^itta Stockinj^er. T cell regulation as a side effect of homeostasis and competition 461 Aleksandra M. Glodek, Marek Honczarenko, Yi Le, James J. Campbell, and Leslie E. Silberstein. Sustained activ'ation of cell adhesion is a differentially regulated process in B lym¬ phopoiesis 475 QiitS Til, Batu Erman, Aoinash Bhandoola, Susan O. Sharrow, and Alfred Siitffer. In vitro evi¬ dence that cytokine receptor signals are required for differentiation of double positive thymocytes into functionally mature Cd)8^ T cells 489 Claudia Mauri, David Gray, Naseem Mushtaq, and Marco Londei. Prevention of arthritis by in¬ terleukin 10—producing B cells 503 Christine B.F. Thien, Robin M. ScaiJ'e, John M. Papadimitriou, Maria A. Murphy, David D.L. Bowtell, and Wallace Y. Lan^don. A mouse with a loss-of-function mutation in the c-Chl TKB domain shows perturbed thymocyte signaling without enhancing the activity of the ZAP-70 tyro¬ sine kinase 515 Seung-Hwan Lee, Ahmed Zafer, Yves de Repentij^ny, Rashmi Kothary, Michel L. Tremblay, Phil¬ ippe Gros, Pascale Duplay, John R. Webb, and Silvia M. Vidal. Transgenic expression of the activating natural killer receptor Ly49H confers resistance to cytomegalovirus in genetically suscep¬ tible mice 527 Claire Fieschi, Stephanie Dupuis, Emilie Catherinot, Jacqueline Feinberji, Jacinta Bustamante, Adrien Breiman, Fraleric Altare, Richard Baretto, Eran^oise Le Deist, Samer Kayal, Hartmut Koch, Darko Richter, Martin Brezina, Guzide Aksu, Phil Wood, Suliman Al-Jumaah, Miquel Raspall, Alberto Jose da Silva Duarte, David Tuerlinckx, Jean-Louis Virelizier, Alain Fischer, An¬ drea Enright, Jutta Bernhdft, Aileen M. Clear)’, Christiane Vermylen, Carlos Rodri^uez-Galle^o, Graham Davies, Renate Bliitters-Sawatzki, Claire-Anne Siej^rist, Mohammad S. Ehlayel, Vas Novelli, Walther H. Haas, Jacob Levy, Joachim Freihorst, Sami Al-Hajjar, David Nadal, Dewton de Moraes Vasconcelos, Olle Jeppsson, Necil Kutukculer, Klara Frecerova, Isabel Caragol, David Lammas, Dinakantha S. Kumararatne, Laurent Abel, and Jean-Laurent Casanova. Low pene¬ trance, broad resistance, and favorable outcome of interleukin 12 receptor (31 deficiency: medical and immunological implications Brief Definitive Report 537 Jun^-Yoon Choe, Brian Crain, Sarah R. Wu, and Maripat Corr. Interleukin 1 receptor depen¬ dence of serum transferred arthritis can he circumvented by Toll-like receptor 4 signaling C'oiitents Volume 197 No. 5 March 3, 2003 Commentary 543 Jor^e Mansilla-Soto and Patricia Cortes. VI)J recombination: Artemis and its in vivo role in hair¬ pin opening 549 Jacelyn Loh and John Fraser. Metal-derivatized major histocompatibility complex: zeroing in on contact hypersensitivity Articles 553 Sean Rooney, Frederick IV. Alt, David Lombard, Scott Whitlow, Mark Eckersdorff, James Fleming, Sebastian Fujimann, David O. Ferguson, David G. Scliatz, and JoAnn Sekiguchi. Defective DNA repair and increased genomic instability in Artemis-deficient murine cells 567 Link Ln, Jorg Vollmer, Corinne Moulon, Hans Ulrich Weltzien, Philippa Marrack, and John Kappler. CViinponents of the ligand for a Ni' ' reactive human T cell clone 575 Sabine Vollstedt, Marco Franchini, Hans P. Hefti, Bernhard Odermatt, Meredith O'KeeJJe, Gottfried Alber, Bettina Glanzmann, Matthias Riesen, Mathias Ackermann, and Mark Suter. Flt3 ligand- treated neonatal mice have increased innate immunity against intracellular pathogens and efficiently control virus infections 585 Judith Alferink, Ivo Lieberam, Wolfgang Reindl, Andrea Behrens, Snsanne Weiji, Norbert Hiiser, Klaus Geraner, Ralf Ross, Angelika B. Reske-Kunz, Parviz Ahmad-Nejad, Hermann Wagner, and Irmgard Forster. C'ompartmentalized production of CCL17 in vivo: strong inducibility in peripheral dendritic cells contrasts selective absence from the spleen 601 Abdelbasset Hamrouni, Anne Aublin, Philippe Guillaume, and Janet L. Maryanski. T cell re¬ ceptor gene rearrangement lineage analysis reveals clues for the origin of highly restricted antigen- specific repertoires 615 Arman T. Askari, Marie-Luise Brennan, Xiaorong Zhou, Jeanne Drinko, Annitta Morehead, James D. Thomas, Eric J. Topol, Stanley L. Hazen, and Marc S. Penn. Myeloperoxidase and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 play a central role in ventricular remodeling after myocardial in¬ farction 625 Brona M. Murphy, Amanda J. O’Neill, Colin Adrain, R. William G. Watson, and Seamus J. Martin. The apoptosome pathway to caspase activation in primary human neutrophils exhibits dramatically reduced requirements for cytochrome c 633 Birke Bartosch, Jean Dubuisson, and Frangois-Loi'c Cosset. Infectious hepatitis C virus pseudo¬ particles containing functional El—E2 envelope protein complexes 643 Ale.xei Y. Savinov, F. Susan Wong, Austin C. Stonebraker, and Alexander V. Chervonsky. Presentation of antigen by endothelial cells and chemoattraction are required for homing of insulin- specific C'l)8^ T cells 657 Akira Suzuki, Tsuneyasu Kaisho, Minako Ohishi, Manae Tsukio-Yamaguchi, Takeshi Tsubata, Pandelakis A. Koni, Takehiko Sasaki, Tak Walt Mak, and Torn Nakano. Critical roles of Pten in 15 cell homeostasis and immunoglobulin class switch recombination 669 Akira Nakamura, Yuriko Mori, Koichi Hagiivara, Takuji Suzuki, Tomohiro Sakakibara, Toshiaki Kikuchi, Takayuki Igarashi, Masahito Ebina, Tatsuya Abe, Junichi Miyazaki, Toshiyuki Takai, and Toshihiro Nukiwa. Increased susceptibility to LPS-induced endotoxin shock in secretorv’ leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPl)-deficient mice vii Contents Volume 197 No. 6 March 17, 2003 Commentaries 675 Andrew NJ. McKenzie and Padraic G. Fallon. Decoy receptors in the regulation of T helper cell type 2 responses 681 John A. Hardin. Directing autoinnniinity to nucleoprotein particles: the impact of dendritic cells and interferon a in lupus Articles 687 Monica G. Chiaramonte, Margaret Mentink-Kane, Bruce A. Jacobson, Allen W. Cheever, Mat¬ thew J. Whitters, Mary E.P. Goad, Anthony Wotiff, Mary Collins, Debra D. Donaldson, Michael J. Grnsby, and Thomas A. Wynn. Regulation and function of the interleukin 13 receptor a 2 during a T helper cell type 2—dominant immune response 703 Nancy Wood, Matthew J. Whitters, Bruce A. Jacobson, JoAnn Witek, Joseph P. Sypek, Marion Kasaian, Michael J. Eppihimer, Michelle linger, Takashi Tanaka, Samuel J. Goldman, Mary Col¬ lins, Debra D. Donaldson, and Michael J. Grnsby. Enhanced interleukin (1L)-13 responses in mice lacking IL-13 receptor a 2 711 Lynda Bennett, A. Karolina Palncka, Edsel Arce, Victoria Cantrell, Josef Borvak, Jacques Banchereau, and Virginia Pascual. Interferon and granulopoiesis signatures in systemic lupus er\'thematosus blood 725 Orhan Aktas, Sonia Waiczies, Alina Smorodchenko, Jan Dorr, Bibiane Seeger, Timonr Prozorov- ski, Stephanie Sallach, Matthias Endres, Stefan Brocke, Robert Nitsch, and Frauke Zipp. Treatment of relapsing paralysis in experimental encephalomyelitis by targeting Th 1 cells through atorvastatin 735 Lo'ic Coutte, Sylvie Alonso, Nathalie Revenean, Eve Willery, Brij^itte Quatannens, Camille Locht, and Frattfoise Jacob-Dubuisson. Role of adhesin release for mucosal colonization by a bacterial pathogen 743 Nandita Sin^h, Yehudit Bergman, Howard Cedar, and Andrew Chess. Biallelic germline tran¬ scription at the K immunoglobulin locus 751 R. Lee Reinhardt, Daniel C. Bullard, Casey T. Weaver, and Marc K. Jenkins. Preferential accu¬ mulation of antigen-specific effector CD4 T cells at an antigen injection site involves C'D62E- dependent migration but not local proliferation 763 J. Giron-Michel, M. Foyji, A. Gaji>^ero, S. Ferrini, A. Caignard, D. Brouty-Boye, S. Baouz, M.-C. Le Bousse-Kerdiles, B. Peault, M. van Dijk, S. Bulfone-Paus, D. Durali, S. Chouaib, and B. Azzarone. Detection of a functional hybrid receptor "yc/ClM-C'SFRP in human hematopoietic (:D34* cells 777 Marie-Laure Santia^o-Raber, Roberto Baccala, Katarina M. Haraldsson, Divaker Choubey, Tim¬ othy A. Stewart, Dwight H. Kono, and Ar^i^yrios N. Theqfilopoulos. Type-1 interferon receptor deficiency reduces lupus-like disease in NZB mice 789 Ve^a Masi^nani, Maurizio Comanducci, Marzia Monica Giuliani, Stej'ania Bambini, Jeannette Adu-Bobie, Beatrice Aricd, Brunella Brunelli, Alessandro Fieri, Laura Santini, Silvana Savino, Davide Serruto, David Litt, Simon Kroll, Jo Anne Welsch, Dan M. Granojf] Rino Rappuoli, and Maria^razia Pizza. Vaccination against Neisseria nieiiiimitidis using three variants of the lipopro¬ tein CiNA187() Brief Definitive Report 801 Lawrence L. Johnson, Kiera N. Ber^ren, Frank M. Szaba, Wan^^xue Chen, and Stephen T. Smiley. Fibrin-mediated protection against infection-stimulated immunopathology viii C'ontciits Volume 197 No. 7 April 7, 2003 Commentary 807 Antonello Covacci and Rino Rappuoli. Hclicohactcr pylori: after the genomes, back to biology Articles 813 Holjier Kavermann, Brendan P. Burns, Katrin Anj^ermitller, Stefan Odenbreit, Wolfgang Fischer, Klaus Melchers, and Rainer Haas. Identification and characterization of Helicobacter pylori genes essential for gastric colonization 823 Boonrat Tassaneetrithep, Timothy H. Burgess, Angela Granelli-Piperno, Christine Trumpflieller, Jennifer Finke, Wellington Sun, Michael A. Eller, Kovit Pattanapanyasat, Suttipant Sarasombath, Deborah L. Birx, Ralph M. Steinman, Sarah Schlesinger, and Mary A. Marovich. DC'-SICJN (CD2()9) mediates dengue virus intection of human dendritic cells 831 Rciif Yiicel, Holger Karsunky, Ludger Klein-Hitpass, and Tarik Moroy. The transcriptional re¬ pressor Cifil affects development of early, uncommitted c-Kit^ T cell progenitors and CDd/CDH lineage decision in the thymus 845 Tri Giang Phan, Michelle Amesbury, Sandra Gardam, Jeffrey Crosbie, Jhagvaral Hasbold, Philip D. Hodgkin, Antony Basten, and Robert Brink. B cell receptor—independent stimuli trigger im¬ munoglobulin (Ig) class switch recombination and production of IgCi autoantibodies by anergic self-reactive B cells 861 Ye Zheng, Monika Vig, Jesse Lyons, Luk Van Parijs, and Amer A. Beg. Combined deficiency of p5() and cRel in C.D4^ T cells reveals an essential requirement for nuclear factor kB in regulating mature T cell survival and in vivo function 875 Phyllis-Jean Linton, Beverly Bautista, Elana Biederman, Evan S. Bradley, Judith Harbertson, Robyn M. Kondrack, Ryan C. Padrick, and Linda M. Bradley. Costimulation via OX40L ex¬ pressed by B cells is sufficient to determine the extent of priniarv' Cl)4 cell expansion and Th2 cy¬ tokine secretion in vivo 885 Marc Dalod, Tanya Hamilton, Rachelle Salomon, Thais P. Salazar-Mather, Stanley C. Henry, John D. Hamilton, and Christine A. Biron. Dendritic cell responses to early murine cytomega¬ lovirus infection: subset functional specialization and differential regulation by interferon a/(3 899 Anne Krug, Rain Veerasivamy, Andrew Pekosz, Osami Kanagaiva, Emil R. Unanue, Marco Colonna, and Marina Celia. Interferon-producing cells fail to induce proliferation of naive T cells but can promote expansion and T helper 1 differentiation of antigen-experienced unpolarizeci T cells 907 Taehoon Chun, Michael J. Page, Laurent Gapin, Jennifer L. Matsuda, Honglin Xu, Hanh Nguyen, Hyung-Sik Kang, Aleksandar K. Stank, Sebastian Joyce, Walter A. Koltun, Michael J. Chorney, Mitchell Kronenberg, and Chyung~Ru Wang. CD Id-expressing ciendntic cells but not thymic epithelial cells can mediate negative selection of NKT cells Brief Definitive Reports 919 Roger B. Voyle, Friedrich Beermann, Rosemary K. Lees, Jens Schiimann, Jacques Zimmer, Werner Held, and H. Robson MacDonald. Ligand-dependent inhibition of CD Id-restricted NKT cell development in mice transgenic for the activating receptor Ly49D 927 Masanori Terajima, John Cruz, Gregor}' Raines, Elizabeth D. Kilpatrick, Jeffrey S. Kennedy, Alan L. Rothman, and Francis A. Ennis. Quantitation of CD8^ T cell responses to newly iden¬ tified HLA-A*()201-restricted T cell epitopes conserved among vaccinia and variola (smallpox) vi¬ ruses 933 Xavier Saulquin, Louis N. Gastinel, and Eric Vivier. Crystal structure of the human natural killer cell activating receptor K1R2DS2 (CD158j) IX Contents 939 Stephanie Kruetzmann, M. Manuela Rosado, Holder Weber, Ulrich Germing, Olivier Tonrnilhac, Hans-Hartmnt Peter, Reinhard Berner, Anke Peters, Thomas Boehm, Alessandro Plehani, Isabella Qninti, and Rita Carsetti. Human inmuinoglobulin M niemoiy 13 cells controlling Streptococcus puewnouiae infections are generated in the spleen 947 Correction Volume 197 No. 8 April 21, 2003 Commentary 949 David H. Margnlies. Cd)28, costinuilator or agonist receptor? Articles 955 Fred Liihder, Ynn Hnang, Kevin M. Dennehy, Christine Gnntermann, Ingrid Miiller, Erna Winkler, Thomas Kerkan, Shinji Ikemizu, Simon J. Davis, Thomas Hanke, and Thomas Hiinig. Topological requirements and signaling properties of T cell-activating, anti-Cd)2S antibody superagonists 967 Martin Prlic, Brnce R. Blazar, Michael A. Farrar, and Stephen C. Jameson. In vivo survival and homeostatic proliferation of natural killer cells 977 Rima Koka, Patrick R. Burkett, Marcia Cltien, Sophia Chai, Faye Chan, James P. Lodolce, David L. Boone, and Averil Ma. Interleukin (IL)-15R«-deficient natural killer cells survive in normal but not IL-1 nRct—deficient mice 985 Pittg Yn, Michael T. Spiotto, Yonjin Lee, Hans Schreiber, and Yang-Xin Fn. C'omplementaiy role of Cd)4* T cells and secondaiy lymphoid tissues for cross-presentation of tumor antigen to C:i)8^T cells 997 Tomohiro Yoshimoto, Booki Min, Takaaki Sngimoto, Nobuki Hayashi, Ynriko Ishikaiva, Ynki Sasaki, Hitomi Hata, Kaznyoshi Takeda, Ko Oknmnra, Lnc Van Kaer, William E. Paul, and Kenji Nakanishi. Nonredundant roles for Cd)Id-restricted natural killer T cells and conventional Cd)4^ T cells in the induction of immunoglobulin E antibodies in response to interleukin 18 treat¬ ment of mice 1007 George Kassiotis, Rose Zamoyska, and Brigitta Stockinger. Involvement of avidity for major his¬ tocompatibility complex in homeostasis of naive and memorv' T cells 1017 Dylan Daniel, Nicole Meyer-Morse, Emily K. Bergsland, Kerstin Dehne, Lisa M. Conssens, and Douglas Hanahan. Immune enhancement of skin carcinogenesis by Cdld ' T cells 1029 Reinti Kaivaida, Toshiaki Ohtsuka, Jnnichi Okutsu, Tohrn Takahashi, Yuho Kadono, Hiromi Oda, Atsnhiko Hikita, Kozo Nakamura, Sakae Tanaka, and Hidehiko Fnrnkaiva. jun dimeriza¬ tion protein 2 (J1)E2), a member of the AE-1 family of transcription factor, mediates osteoclast dif¬ ferentiation induced by RANKL Brief Definitive Reports 1037 Amit Awasthi, Ramkumar Mathur, Aslant Khan, Biniba N. Joshi, Nitya Jain, Sangeeta Saivant, Ramanamurthy Boppana, Debashis Mitra, and Bhaskar Saha. CD4() signaling is impaired in L. ;//i7/er-mfected macrophages and is rescued by a p38MAEK activator establishing a host-protective memorv' T cell response 1045 Karine Kaiser, Nelly Camargo, and Stefan H.I. Kappe. Transformation of sporozoites into early exoeiythrocytic malaria parasites does not require host cells 1051 Grazia Galli, Sandra Nuti, Simona Tavarini, Luisa Galli-Stampino, Claudia De Lalla, Giulia Casorati, Paolo Dellabona, and Sergio Abrignani. Cl)ld-restricted help to 13 cells by human in¬ variant natural killer T lymphocytes C'ontents