John Paul Stevens John Paul Stevens Defender of Rights in Criminal Justice Christopher E. Smith LEXINGTONBOOKS Lanham•Boulder•NewYork•London PublishedbyLexingtonBooks AnimprintofTheRowman&LittlefieldPublishingGroup,Inc. 4501ForbesBoulevard,Suite200,Lanham,Maryland20706 www.rowman.com UnitA,WhitacreMews,26-34StannaryStreet,LondonSE114AB Copyright©2015byLexingtonBooks Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformorbyany electronicormechanicalmeans,includinginformationstorageandretrievalsystems, withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher,exceptbyareviewerwhomayquote passagesinareview. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationInformationAvailable LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData TOCOME.(Belowisaplaceholder.) Aestheticsandmodernity:essays/byAgnesHeller;editedbyJohnRundell.Testtesttesttesttest testtesttesttesttesttesttesttest. p.cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-0-7391-4131-1(cloth:alk.paper)--ISBN978-0-7391-4132-8(pbk.:alk.paper)--ISBN 978-0-7391-4133-5(electronic) 1.Aesthetics.2.Postmodernism.I.Rundell,JohnF.II.Title. BH39.H4452011 111'.85--dc22 2010037457 TMThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirementsofAmerican NationalStandardforInformationSciencesPermanenceofPaperforPrintedLibrary Materials,ANSI/NISOZ39.48-1992. PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica ForCharlotte Contents Preface ix 1 Introduction 1 2 FamilyBackgroundandLifeExperiences 33 3 JudgeStevensontheU.S.CourtofAppeals 65 4 Prisoners’Rights 91 5 MirandaandRighttoCounsel 123 6 TrialbyJury 147 7 SearchandSeizure 175 8 CapitalPunishment 207 9 Conclusion 237 Bibliography 259 CaseIndex 269 Index 277 AbouttheAuthor 285 vii Preface Duringthefirstdecadeofthetwenty-firstcentury,Iobservedthepublication of books about several Supreme Court justices, including Harry Blackmun, David Souter, Sandra Day O’Connor, Anthony Kennedy, Antonin Scalia, andClarenceThomas.In light of theirimportance andinfluence as decision makers on the nation’s highest court, they are all worthy subjects for schol- ars’ attention and analysis. As I read these books, however, I was struck by the fact that none of these justices had served on the Court as long as John Paul Stevens. All but Souter were destined to serve more than twenty years on the Court, yet they received book-length analytical attention prior to ap- proachingStevens’sthirty-plusyearsofservice.Atthetimethatthesebooks appeared in print, Stevens had been the subject of only a few scholarly works: one book on his judicial philosophy written after his first decade on the Supreme Court;1 a book about his role as an attorney for an Illinois investigatory commission;2 a few book chapters; and various narrowly fo- cused lawreview articles. Therewas anotablelackof comprehensiveatten- tiontoStevensandhisroleandimpactontheCourt.AndIknewwhy.Or,at least I knew why I had neglected Stevens in my own work. The neglect of Stevenswasnotbasedonhislackofimportance.Toooften,likemanyofmy colleagues in law, political science, and criminal justice, I am attracted to topicsthatarerelativelyeasybecausetheyarecontroversial,small-scaleand manageable, and readily accessible. Tackling larger topics of exceptional importancecaninvolvegrapplingwithcomplexityorspendingyearsdigging through never-ending reams of material. Historians are accustomed to such work. I am not. The publish-or-perish environment of academia can create incentivesandrewardsforaddressingsmall,discretesubjectsthatgrabatten- tionaspartofcurrentcontroversiesorprovidethebasisfornear-termpubli- ix