Jerome (c. 345-420) was one of the greatest biblical scholars of antiquity. Among his achievements was his Latin translation of the Bible 'according to the Hebrew', or iuxta Hebraeos. This translation came to constitute the major part of the Vulgate, the standard Bible of Latin Christendom. In the present work, the author considers the origin of this project through an analysis of the Quaestiones Hebraicae in Genesim, a commentary on the book of Genesis published at approximately the same time as the first installments of the translation. The primary focus of the book is the question of Jerome's dependence on Greek scholarship both before and during his own time.