RHODORA, Vol. 106, No. 926, 18-123, 2004 pp. 1 JALTOMATA ANDERSONII (SOLANACEAE) NEW A SPECIES OF PERU Thomas Miom-: Department of Biological Sciences, Central Connecticut Stale University, New CT 06050 Britain, SlXJUNDO G. Ll-IVA Museo Historia Natural, Universidad Anienor Orrego, cle Avenida America Sur 3145, Trujillo, Peru Leon Yacher Department of Geography, Southern Connecticut State University, New CT Haven, 06515 abstract. Jaltomata andersonii (Solanaceae), here named, on distributed the is western slope of the Andes, the Departments of Ancash and Lima, Peru, from 2300 in 3400 to in of elevation. This species differs from others the genus by having an o\' unarticulated axis connecting the Mower to the plant where others have both all peduncle and The a a pedicel. following combination features also characterize oi' this species: the hairs of leaves and axes are gland-tipped; the petiole no longer than is cm; the flowers are solitary; the corolla broadly c rate form-rotate, purple, and up is I ri cm to 3.7 in diameter; and the laments are extremely villous their bases. li at Key Words: Andes, flora of Peru, Jaltomata andersonii, Solanaceae The genus Jaltomata Schltdl. includes about 45 herbaceous and shrubby species divided two subgroups. The into purple/black-fruited subgroup (six species) comprises perennial herbs having rotate corollas, and is distributed from Arizona, U.S.A. to Bolivia. The orange and red- subgroup fruited (39 species) includes shrubs having rotate, crateriform, infundibular, tubular, or urceolate corollas, and occurs on continental South America two except for species, one of the Galapagos Islands and the other of the Greater Antilles. The purpose of paper this to is new Andes report a species of the Peruvian discovered during fieldwork 1998. in Mione Coe and (1992) placed the following binomials synonymy in & with Jaltomata aspera (Ruiz Pav.) Mione: Saracha Miers. ciliata & lacrima-virginis and urhaniana Dammer. The S. Bitter, S. Bitter type specimens of of these binomials have all a single relatively large flower per inflorescence, and were collected either on the west slope of the Andes lomas or in the [a fog-fed desert habitat of the west coast of 118 — New Mione Jaltomata andersonii, a Species 119 2004] et al. endemism The South America having a high level of (Dillon 1997)]. new species here described also has a single flower per inflorescence and from the west slope of the Andes. Given these similarities, one is may wonder one of aforementioned binomials represents the the if name earliest of the species here described. name None of the above binomials represent the earliest of this species for the following reasons. The type specimens of the above Saracha binomials have both a peduncle and a pedicel, and were described as producing red nectar. According to the protologue of was Jaltomata aspcra (Ruiz and Pavon 1799) the type collected in Amancaes and the flower violet the middle ("in centro violacea")- in is Amancaes located within lomas habitat, and within several hundred is is specimen aspcra meters of sea-level [according to a label of./, collected Museum Amancaes (Weberbauer 5246a, and Dillon, Field of us), at Chicago, pers. comm.]. The description of the flower as violet in the middle suggests that the type produced red floral nectar, and red floral Granda nectar has been documented for./, aspcra (Vilcapoma S. and P., La comm.). Universidad Nacional Agraria Molina, pers. In contrast, the flower species here described has a single unarticulated axis joining the grows and high to the plant (Figure 1A), lacks red nectar, at above Saracha elevations, not in the lomas habitat. Thus, all of the synonyms (Mione and binomials are of/, aspcra, as originally reported Coe 1992). TAXONOMIC TREATMENT Jaltomata andersonii Mione, now Type: peril Dept. Lima: prov. sp. & km highway from Lima La Oroya between 82 Huarochirf, to 83, & Mione M. 2500 m, with propinqua (Miers) Nee, 16 Jan 1998, ./. & Miotic, Leiva G. L. Yacher 622 (holotype: ny!; isotype: T. S. conn!). Figure 1. cm cm Herba perennis usque ad 20 petiolo usque ad longo, alta, 1 axibus pilos digitiformes, glanduliferos apice ferentibus, flore foliis et cm usque corolla purpurea, crateriformi-rotata ad 3.7 solitario, late maxime cruciatim, filamentis villosis basi. Much branching, presumably perennial, herb to 20 cm, the hairs of the Leaves sometimes younger axes and leaves gland-tipped. alternate, cm cm geminate, the blades ovate, 4-7.5 long (to 10.5 on Spooncr ct al. 7364a) X 2-3.5 cm wide, 3-4 pairs of primary veins, the apex often somewhat acuminate, base usually cuneate and symmetrical or the 120 Rhodora Vol. 106 I Figure Jaltomata andersonii. A. Branch with flowers and leaves; B. 1. Partial flower, longitudinal hand-section with lower Ca - Co - left excised. calyx, corolla, OD - T - ovarian disk. trichomas at base of stamen, the stamen otherwise removed; C = and D. Anther and part of filament, dorsal and lateral views, respectively. Bar 1 mm cm in A, and in B and C. Drawn by Luis Serazo from T. Mione, Leiva G. & S. I Yacher L. 620. — New Mione 2004] et Jaltomata andersonii, a Species 121 al. nearly so, adaxially densely pilose due to erect finger hairs, abaxially on Laudeman margin sparsely pubescent (nearly glabrous 5365), the cm nearly entire to sinuate-dentate, ciliate, the petiole to long. 1 mm Peduncle unarticulated, villous, 13-18 long; flower solitary. Calyx mm green, 16-21 across anthesis, the lobes triangular with an rotate, at acute apex, abaxially with a raised costa, bearing gland-tipped linger mm hairs to 3 long, and stalked multicellular glands (illustrated in Mione and Serazo 1999) 85-100 long, adaxially with a uniform |iin mm covering of erect, glandless hairs 0.24-0.3 long, the margin with mm and two classes of hairs: gland-tipped finger hairs to 2.8 long mm mm glandless hairs to 0.1 long; calyx to 25 across with fruit. cm Corolla broadly crateriform-rotate, 5-lobed (Figure 1A), to 3.7 in diameter, purple with 5 pairs of dark-green maculae in a proximal ring, each pair of maculae straddling the main vein that extends radially to the margin with of a corolla lobe, closing for the night, the ciliate, tip mm glandless finger hairs to 0.6 long; both faces of corolla with 85-100 abundant, evenly distributed stalked multicellular glands |im mm long. Stamens 6.9-7.2 long, filaments straight, extremely villous 5, mm base (Figure 1A, B); anthers (Figure 1C, D) 1.9-2.8 on pressed at mm specimens, to 3.9 long on specimens preserved in alcohol in Peru, drying brown, or yellow covered with pollen. Style straight (Figure if mm mm The 5.7-6.3 15-0.36 wide midlength. stigma the B), long, 0. at 1 mm same width as the distal end of the style, 0.21-0.3 wide (pressed), mm measured 0.36 wide (preserved alcohol Peru), both in in perpendicular to the length. Ovarian disk broad, girdling base of the Gynoecium ovary (Figure IB). glabrous, except for stigma papillae to 13 jim long; ovary glabrous but appearing villous (Figure IB) because unknown of the dense vestiture of the stamen bases. Berries of color, mm Laudeman probably orange or 12 across (measured on 5365). red, 3150-3400 Specimens examined: peru. Dept. Ancash: prov. Bolognesi, Chiqui&n, m, cultivated grounds below the village, with Agave americana and Mutisia, 5 Fcb-2 Apr 1997, M. Weigend & N. Dostert 971 173 Dept. Lima: prov. Cajatambo, Banos (f). de Churin, 2591 m, among rocks. Feb 1946, C. Laudeman 5365 (k): prov. Canta. NW km Cuesta de Huamantanga, 10.8 from the Lima to Canta road on the road to & Huamantanga, 2720 m, 7 Apr 1999, D. Spooner, A. Salas, R. Torres R. Hoekstra mol Lima La Oroya 7364a (herbarium of T.M., not seen); prov. Huarochiri, to m km highway, 73 walk up 2300 of elevation, dry treeless hillside, sandy soil at to with rocks, with Cactaceae, Carica candicans, Lycianthes sp., and Schinus molle, 15 & Mione & Jan 1998, T. Mione, S. Leiva G. L. Yacher 616 (ny), S. Leiva G., T. L. km 2122 Lima La Oroya highway, 2550 m, roadside with Yacher hao); 83, to (i , & Agave, 16 Jan 1998, T. Mione. S. Leiva G. L. Yacher 620 (conn), S. Leiva G., T. & Mione Yacher 2127 (hao). L. 122 Rhodora Vol. 106 I DISCUSSION Jaltomata andersonii distributed on the west slope of the Andes, is in the departments of Ancash and Lima, Peru. grows in treeless, usually It We rocky dry, habitats. flowers in January. February, and March. did It may not interview local people about uses, but the fruits be eaten, given that ripe fruits of several other South American species of genus this are consumed Mione and Coe 1996; Mionc and Serazo Mione (e.g., 1999; 2000, 2001). et al. Jaltomata andersonii most similar aspera. Both have one to is ./. relatively large flower per inflorescence, and are much-branching, low- growing perennial herbs that occur on the western slope of the Andes. Jaltomata andersonii grows to a height of 20 cm, while./, aspera grows cm to 50 or 60 (pers. obs.; Ruiz and Pavon 1799). Jaltomata aspera has both a pedicel and a peduncle, the corolla light green, filaments are is either glabrous or very sparsely pubescent base, red nectar at floral is m produced, and grows from 200 2290 to of elevation. In contrast, it andersonii has an unarticulated axis (by definition a peduncle, though ./. may the peduncle have been lost by reduction) connecting the flower to the plant, the corolla purple (brown and whitish green on Weigend 97/ is 173), the filaments are extremely villous at their bases (Figure A, B), 1 red nectar not produced, and grows from 2300 3400 elevations is at to it m. Jaltomata aspera grows both in the lomas and the Andes, while J. andersonii grows only in the Andes. Furthermore, the hairs of the leaves and stems of aspera and J. are rigid ^landless [as observed on living Mione plants of 615; described by Macbride et al. as hirsute (1962)] while the hairs of J. andersonii are soft to the touch and gland-tipped (as We observed on Mione & living plants of et al. 616, 620, 622). were able to see both of these species bloom during January of 1998 in because of the rains associated with the El Nino event of 1997/1998. acknowledgments. The specific epithet was chosen honor and to We thank Gregory Anderson, former T.M. doctoral advisor of thank J. Luis A. Serazo for the illustration, Kancheepuram N. Gandhi for David M. Spooner translation to Latin, sending Jaltomata for his specimens directly to T.M., Graciela Vilcapoma and Arturo Granda S. P. for providing a color photo of the flower of aspera (with red nectar) J. lomas collected in habitat, Janet R. Sullivan and Jack Tessier for review, M. O. Dillon correspondence, and for the curators of mo, ny, and k, f, us for loan of specimens. Support was from from a research grant the National Geographic Society (6008-97). — New Mione Jaltomata andersonii, a Species 123 2()()4| et al. LITERATURE CITED Dillon. M. O. 1997. Lomas formations: Peru, 519-527. V. Hey wood and pp. In: II. A S. D. Davis, eds.. Centres of Plant Diversity: Guide and Strategy for their - IUCN Conservation, Vol. Americas. The World Wide Fund for Nature and 3. The World Conservation Union, Oxford, U.K. Macbride, F. 1962. Solanaccae. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Scr. 13: Part V-B. No. J. [Jaltomata Saracha and Ilehecladus] as 1. Two Mione, T. and G. Col. 1992. new combinations Peruvian Jaltomata F. in Novon 388-384. (Solanaccae). 2: and A. Col. 1996. Jaltomata sagastegui and Jaltomata cajamarca U. (Solanaccae), two new shrubs from northern Peru. Novon 280-284. 6: — S. Leiva G., and L. Yaciier. 2000. Three new species of Jaltomata , Novon (Solanaccae) from Ancash. Peru. 10: 53-59. — Mugablru, and Connolly. 2001. Rediscovery and biology of D. B. floral . 167-168. Jaltomata (Solanaccae). Econ. Bot. 55: biflora — and A. Sera/o. 1999. Jaltomata (Solanaceae): Description and U. lojae floral new Andean Rhodora 136-142. biology of a species. 101: Ruiz, H. and Pa von. 1799. Florae Peruvianae et Chilensis 2. Gabrielis de Sancha, J. Madrid, Spain.