इंटरनेट मानक Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public. “जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न’ 5 तरफ” Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru “The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New” IS 4333-3 (2002): Method of Analysis for Foodgrains, Part 3: Determination of Hectolitre Weight [FAD 16: Foodgrains, Starches and Ready to Eat Foods] “!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण” Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda ““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee”” “!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै” Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam “Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen” IS4333( Part 3 ) :2002 1s0 7971-2:1995 (Reaffirmed - 2012) I w-P-3r&a#twTRmmtikJl ( W’F7’Tp!!m) Indian Standard METHOD OF ANALYSIS FOR FOODGRAINS PART 3 DETERMINATION OF HECTOLITRE WEIGHT First Revision) ( ICS 67.060 0 BIS 2002 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG ? NEW DELH I 110002 October 2002 . Price Group 3 Foodgrains, Foodgrain Industries and Starches Sectional Committee, FAD 16 NATIONAL FOREWORD This Indian Standard ( Part 3 ) ( First Revision ) which is identical with ISO 7971-2:1995 ‘Cereals — Determination of bulk density, called “mass per hectolitre” — Part 2: Routine method’ issued by the International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on the recommendation of the Foodgrains, Foodgrain Industries and Starches Sectional Committee and approval of the Food and Agriculture Division Council. This standard was first published in 1967. In this revision, it is being aligned with the corresponding ISO Standard under dual numbering. In the adopted standard, certain terminology and conventions are not identical to those used in Indian Standards. Attention is particularly drawn to the following: a) Wherever the words ‘International Standard’ appear referring to this standard, they should be read as ‘Indian Standard’; and b) Comma ( ,) has been used as a decimal marker while in Indian Standards, the current practice is to use a point ( .) as the decimal marker. CROSS REFERENCES In this adopted standard, the following International Standards are referred to. Read in their respective places, the following: International Standard Corresponding Indian Standard Degree of Equivalence ISO 712:1998 Cereals and cereal IS 4333 ( Part 2 ) :2002 Method of Identical products — Determination of moisture analysis for foodgrains : Part 2 content — Routine reference method Determination of moisture content ( first revision) ISO 950: 1979 now revised to : IS 14818:2000 Cereals, pulses do ISO 13690:1999 Cereals, pulses and milled products — Sampling of and milled products — Sampling of static batches static batches The technical committee responsible for the preparation of this standard has reviewed the provisions of the following ISO Standard and decided that it is acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard: ISO 7971:1986 Cereals — Determination of bulk density, called “mass per hectolitre” ( Reference method) In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value, observed or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS 2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised)’. . IS 4333 ( Part 3 ) :2002 ISO 7971-2:1995 hdian Standard METHOD OF ANALYSIS FOR FOODGRAINS PART 3 DETERMINATION OF HECTOLITRE WEIGHT First Revision) ( 1 Scope 4 Requirementsfor apparatus This part of ISO 7971 specifies a routine method for Variations between instruments, and operator errors the determination of bulk density, called “mass per in measurements, can arise from the manner in which hectolitre”, of cereals (wheat, barley, oats and rye), the grain is poured into the measuring container and utilizing a 1 Iitre measuring container. the manner in which the grain packs into the 1 measuring container. NOTES To minimize such variations and errors, the various 1 The reference method for determination of bulkdensity, dimensions of the apparatus and the manner of pour- -..; called “mass per hectolitre”, is given in ISO 7971 (see ref- 1 erence [1]). ing shall therefore be closely controlled. The appar- ,$ atus used and the method of operation shall therefore ,r \, .; 2 Several other routine methods are used in different comply with the specifications given in this clause and courmies. in clause 5 (see figure 1). 2 Definition NOTE4 For information, EC recommendations for 1 measuring instruments used to determine EEC standard” i For the purposes of this part of ISO 7971, the follow- mass per storage volume of grain are contained in annex II of reference [2]. ing definition applies. 2.1 mass per hectolitre: Ratio of the mass of a cereal to the volume it occupies after being poured into a container under well-defined conditions. 4.1 Pre-fillingmeasure It is expressed in kilograms per hectolitre at a stated The pre-filling measure shall be made of metal and be ,. moisture content. in the shape of a straight-sided cylinder, closed at the } bottom end with a flat base plate. On its internal wall NOTE 3 The bulk density as described in this part of there shall be an annular level mark, placed no less ISO 7971 should not be confused with the “packing than 1 cm and no more than 3 cm from the open end density” orthe intrinsic density of the cereals. of the cylinder. 3 Principle NOTE5 The purpose of the pre-filling measure is to control the manner in which the filling hopper (4.2) is filled Pouring a sample in a controlled manner from a hop- with grain and thus to reduce or eliminate operator errors per into a 1 Iitre container then weighing it. which might otherwise arise. 1 IS 4333 ( Part 3 ) :2002 ISO 7971-2:1995 Pre-filling measure \ Y 1 3 Measuring container L H ,’ Piston Figure 1 — Apparatus for determining the bulk density of cerealsu,tilizing a 1 Iitre measuring container T- k {4. 4.2 Fillinghopper closed at the base, and shall have an external re- inforcement on the edge. The measuring ~edge shall The hopper shall be made of metal and be in the be ground flat. shape of a straight-sided cylinder, open at both ends. At the bottom of the cylinder an extended projection A measuring ring, the internal diameter of which is the around the circumference of the cylinder enables the same as that of the measuring container, shall be at- filling hopper to be pushed onto the measuring ring tached to the measuring container over the measuring at the top of the measuring container (4.3). The hop- edge. The gap between the measuring edge and the per receives from the pre-filling measure (4.1) a vol- measuring ring shall be large enough for the ume of grain greater than 1 Iitre. straightedge (4.5) to be able to be pushed through easily but without any noticeable clearance. ..! The base of the measuring container shall be flat and 4.3 Measuringcontainerwithmeasuring perforated so as to allow the escape of air during use ring of the apparatus. The external reinforcement encirc- ling the base of the measuring container and its three The 1 Iitre volume of the measuring container is feet shall be in one piece. It shall be soldered to the formed by the internal sqface of the container wall, measuring container wall and be secure against shift- the upper surface of the inserted piston (4.4) and the ing. lower surface of the fully inserted straightedge (4.5). The maximum permissible relative error on the ca- pacity of the container is + 3/1 000. The wall of the 4.4 Piston measuring container shall be made of a seamless drawn-brass tube or a stainless steel tube in the The piston shall be made of brass plate in the shape shape of a straight-sided cylinder, open at the top and of a straight-sided cylinder with flat ends. Internally, 2 IS 4333 ( Part3 ) :2002 ISO 7971-2:1995 it shall be stiffened such that the stamping (see 5 Dimensions of apparatus clause 10) may be carried out without the suflace being dented. If the piston should be dented, or The dimensions of the different parts of the apparatus otherwise damaged, it shall be replaced because the shall be as specified in 5.1 to 5.6. dent would alter the volume of the grain being tested. 5.1 Pre-fillingmeasure When the straightedge (4.5) is withdrawn, the piston falls smoothly down the measuring container (4.3), Capacity to level mark (1 350* 10) ml thus driving air through the exit holes in the base of the measuring container. This therefore controls the Internal diameter (86 * 0,2) mm rate of fall and ensures the smooth flow of grain from the filling hopper (4.2) into the measurin9 container 5.2 Fillinghopper (4.3). Internal diameter (79 * 0,1) mm Wall thickness (1 * 0,2) mm 4.5 Straightedge (leveling blade) Height above piston (280 +2) mm The straightedge shall be a flat, thin but rigid, hardened-steel blade, equipped with a handle. The 5.3 Piston surfaces shall be flat and parallel. It shall be iarge enough to cover the cross-section of the measuring Diameter (87,5 i- 0,1) mm container completely at its limit of travel. The blade Height (40 + 0,2) mm shall be cut to the form of an open V at the front, and bevelled such that the line of cutting is in the middle Mass (450 *2) g of the thickness of the blade. The blade slides horizontally into the slot in the 5.4 Measuringcontainer measuring container (4.3) and is pushed manuallY Internal diameter (88,2 + 0,1) mm through the grain, guided by the slot, in a smooth and. continuous movement. This separates precisely 1 Iitre Internal height above piston (163,7 + 0,1) mm of grain (below the blade) from excess grain above the Wall thickness (1,2 * 0,5) mm blade. External reinforcement of upper edge: 4.6 Base plate thickness (2,5 + 0,5) mm The base plate shall be made of metal and arranged height (6,0 + 1,0) mm such that the measuring container (4.3) can be firmlY connected to it by simply rotating. It shall not be per- Base thickness (4,5 * 0,1) mm forated. It shall be fixed to a mounting plate of Diameter of base (3,0 * 0,1) mm hardwood or to the hardwood lid of the transport case perforations for the apparatus. The mounting plate or the transpoti Height of feet (9,0 * 0,1) mm case shall be provided with vertical-adjustment screws and a spirit level such that, when placed on a Diameter of feet (6,0 + 0,1) mm flat horizontal surface, the apparatus stands firm and Gap between base and base (6,0 * 0,1) mm vertical, otherwise errors will be introduced. plate Number of perforations 1+4+8+12+ in base 16+20+24=85 4.7 Weighingdevice Measuring ring: The grain contained in the measuring container is weighed using a balance which has been weighted to internal diameter (88,2 i- 0,1) mm compensate for the mass of the empty container plus. height (40,5 * 0,1) mm piston; therefore one single weighing gives the mass of the grain. The maximum permissible relative error of the weighing device for the quantity weighed is 5.5 Baseplate + 1/1 000. The device shall be regularly calibrated by Diameter of locating circle (80,0 + 0,1) mm a competent authority. -, 3 ; ,*.J IS 4333 ( Part 31:2002 ISO 7971-2: 1995 5.6 Straightedge 8 Procedure Thickness (1 * 0,05) mm 8.1 Preliminaryoperations Cut-out angle (90”* 2“) Width of bevel of cutting (3 * 0,5) mm The grain sample shall be air-d~, free from foreign edge bodies and have achieved ambient temperature. The atmospheric relative humidity of the room shall be 6 Calibration and accuracy between 40 % and 75 %. NOTE 6 Standard apparatus can be found in many NOTE 7 It is recommended to determine the moisture countries at national metrological institutions. content of the grain inaccordance with ISO 712C41. Install the apparatus vertically and free from vibrations 6.1 Calibration on afirm, non-sprung base. Before each filling, ensure that the measuring container, slit and piston are free Calibration of the apparatus (1)shall be carried out by from dust and grain residues or other foreign bodies. comparison with a national or international standard Fix the measuring container to the base plate and apparatus (E). push the straightedge into the slit of the measuring The calibration shall be carried out on a cereal free container in such a way that the inscription “Top” can from impurities under the same conditions of tem- be seen from above. perature and humidity as the atmosphere of the room Place the piston on the straightedge in such a way where the measurement is to be made. that the surface bearing the production number is For this purpose, spread the cereal in a thin layer and uppermost. Put on the filling hopper in such a way leave it for 10 h (one night) in the room where the that its production number can be seen from the measurement is to be made, ensuring that the relative front. humidity of the air does not exceed 60 Y.. Carry out six measurements with each apparatus, us- 8.2 Determination ing the same sample of grain in the following order Fill the pre-filling measure with the sample of grain (before each new measurement, the grain contained in the measuring container should be intimately mixed up to the level mark. Then empty it to within 3 cm or with the excess grain poured off from above the 4 cm from the upper edge of the filling hopper in such straightedge during the previous mea surement): a way tliat the grain sample flows evenly into the middle of the filling hopper in 11 s to 13 s.After filling, Measurement No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 quickly pull out the straightedge, but without shaking Order of the apparatus. E-1 I-E E-1 I-E E-1 I-E measurement When the piston and the grain have fallen into the measuring container, place the straightedge back in 6.2 Accuracyerror the slit and push it through the grain in a single stroke. If a particle becomes jammed between the slit edge The accuracy error of the apparatus is the difference and the straightedge in the process, the pouring shall between the arithmetic mean of the six measure- be repeated. Throw out excess grain lying on the ments using apparatus I and the arithmetic mean of straightedge., Then remove the filling hopper and the six measurements using apparatus E. straightedge. The maximum permissible accuracy error is ~ 1 g. Throughout the procedure it ISimportant that the ap- paratus should not be tapped, knocked or shaken, 7 Sampling otherwise a falsely high result will be obtained. How- ever, once the 1 Iitre volume has been isolated, this It is important that the laborato~ receive a sample restriction need not be observed. which is truly representative and has not been dam- aged or changed during transport or storage. Weigh the contents of the measuring container to the nearest 1 g using the weighing device (4.7). Alterna- Sampling is not part of the method specified in this tively, the grain may be poured into a separate pre- International Standard. A recommended sampling viously tared receptacle and weighed to the nearest method is given in ISO 950.[31 -, 1 g. 4 IS 4333 ( Part 3 ) :2002 ISO 7971-2:1995 9 Expressionof results d) production number of the apparatus on the measuring container, the base plate, the To determine the bulk density, expressed in kilograms straightedge, the filling hopper, the pre-filling per hectolitre, take the mass in grams of the cereal container and on the top of the piston; contained in the 1 Iitre measuring container (m) and apply the following equation. e) the word “Top” on the top of the straightedge. Bulk density, in kilograms per hectolitre, equals The apparatus shall be accompanied by operating in- structions. for wheat 0,1002 m+0,53 ,,: The various parts of the apparatus shall be main- for barley 0,1036 m–2,22 tained, and used, as a set. for rye 0,101 7m–0,08 11 Test report for oats 0,101 3m–0,61 The test report shall specify Express the result to the nearest 0,1 kg/hi at a stated $ moisture content. — the method in accordance with which sampling was carried out, if known, i NOTE 8 The equations provide linear mathematical con- versions from grams per Iitre to kilograms per hectoiitre. — the moisture content of the grain, if determined, The factors are derived from reference [5]. — the method used, 10 Marking of apparatus — Thetest result(s) obtained, and The following shall appear on the apparatus: — if the repeatability has been checked, the final quoted result obtained. a) reference to this part of ISO 7971; It shall also mention all operating details not specified b) nominal capacity on the measuring container and in this part of ISO 7971, or regarded as optional, to- .i ,:--’ the pre-filling container; gether with details of any incidents which may have J: influenced the test result(s). c) manufacturer’s name or the manufacturer’s 1 “’! trademark on the measuring container, and the The test report shall include all information necessary year of manufacture; for the complete identification of the sample. ! ‘, ., 5