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IS 1528-2: Methods of Sampling and Physical Tests for Refractory Materials, Part 2: Determination of Refractoriness Under Load PDF

2011·2.8 MB·English
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Preview IS 1528-2: Methods of Sampling and Physical Tests for Refractory Materials, Part 2: Determination of Refractoriness Under Load

इंटरनेट मानक Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public. “जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न’ 5 तरफ” Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru “The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New” IS 1528-2 (2011): Methods of Sampling and Physical Tests for Refractory Materials, Part 2: Determination of Refractoriness Under Load [MTD 15: Refractories] “!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण” Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda ““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee”” “!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै” Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam “Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen” IS 1528 (Part 2) : 2011 Hkkjrh; ekud m"eklg lkefxz;ksa ds uewusa ysusa dh vkSj HkkSfrd ijh{k.k i)fr;k¡ Hkkx Hkkj ds vUrxZr nqxZyuh;rk dk fuèkkZj.k 2 (nwljk iqujh{k.k ) Indian Standard METHODS OF SAMPLING AND PHYSICAL TESTS FOR REFRACTORY MATERIALS PART 2 DETERMINATION OF REFRACTORINESS UNDER LOAD ( Second Revision ) ICS 81.080 © BIS 2011 B U R E A U O F I N D I A N S T A N D A R D S MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 November 2011 Price Group 2 Refractories Sectional Committee, MTD 15 FOREWORD This Indian Standard (Part 2) (Second Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Refractories Sectional Committee had been approved by the Metallurgical Engineering Division Council. This standard was first published in 1953 and subsequently revised in 1974. The second revision of this standard deals with the methods for determination of refractoriness under load. Other parts in this series are : Part 1 Determination of pyrometric cone equivalent (PCE) or softening point Part 3 Determination of spalling resistance Part 4 Determination of cold crushing strength Part 5/ISO 5014:1997 Method for determination of modulus of rupture at ambient temperature of dense and insulating shaped refractory product Part 6 Determination of permanent change after reheating Part 7 Methods of sampling and criteria for conformity Part 8 Determination of apparent porosity Part 9/ISO 5018:1983 Determination and true density Part 10 Determination of size of refractory bricks Part 11 Determination of warpage Part 12/ISO 5016:1997 Method for determination of bulk density and true porosity of shaped insulating refractory products Part 13/ISO 12676:2000 Determination of resistance to the disintegrating effect of carbon monoxide Part 14 Sieve analaysis Part 15/ISO 5017:1998 Method for determination of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity of dense shaped refractory products Part 16/ISO 8894-2:1990 Determination of thermal conductivity according to the hot wire method (parallel) Part 17/ISO 8895:1986 Determination of cold crushing strength of shaped insulating refractory products Part 18/ISO 3187:1989 Determination of creep in compression Part 19 Determination of thermal expansion Part 20/ISO 5103:1985 Determination of modulus of rupture at elevated temperature Part 21/ISO 8894-1:1987 Determination of thermal conductivity according to hot-wire method (cross- array) Part 22/ISO 8841:1991 Method for determination of permeability to gases of dense shaped refractory products Part 23/ISO 16082: 2007 Method of test for dense shaped refractory products — Determination of resistance to abrasion at ambient temperature For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis shall be rounded off in accordance with IS2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard. IS 1528 (Part 2) : 2011 Indian Standard METHODS OF SAMPLING AND PHYSICAL TESTS FOR REFRACTORY MATERIALS PART 2 DETERMINATION OF REFRACTORINESS UNDER LOAD ( Second Revision ) 1 SCOPE approximately uniform temperature shall have a minimum length of 100 to 120 mm. This standard (Part 2) prescribes the method of test for determination of the refractoriness under load. 4.2.2 The essential features of the furnace are shown in Fig. 1 and the loading arrangement in Fig. 2. 2 REFERENCES Thermocouple may be placed in the temperature The following standards contain provisions, which sighting tube for the measurement of temperature, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of otherwise optical pyrometers may be used for the same this standard. At the time of publication, the editions purpose. The thermocouple shall be made from indicated were valid. All standards are subject to platinum and/or platinum-rhodium wire, and shall be revision and parties to agreements based on this compatible with the final test temperature. The standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility thermocouple shall be calibrated on a regular basis. of applying the most recent editions of the standards 4.2.3 The loading arrangement shall be such that a indicated below: constant load of 0.2 N/mm2 or 0.05 N/mm2 can be IS No. Title applied vertically to the test piece. Provision shall be 1528 (Part 7) : Methods of sampling and physical made for recording changes in the height of the test 2009 tests for refractory materials: Part 7 specimen and to permit it to be compressed by at least Methods of sampling and criteria for 20 mm. conformity (second revision) 4041 : 2006/ Glossary of terms relating to 4.3 Preparation of Test Specimens ISO 836 : 2001 refractory material (first revision) A cylinder of 50 ± 0.5 mm diameter and 50 ± 0.5 mm height obtained after boring or cutting and grinding 3 TERMINOLOGY out of the central portion of the brick to be tested shall For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given be used as a test specimen. Measurements of the height in IS 4041 shall apply. at any two points, using Vernier calipers, shall not differ by more than 0.2 mm. The original surface of the brick 4 DETERMINATION OF REFRACTORINESS should form one of the end faces of the finished test UNDER LOAD specimen. The top and bottom faces of the test piece shall be made plane and parallel by sawing (and 4.1 Object of Test grinding, if necessary), and shall be perpendicular to This test determines the softening temperature of the axis of the cylinder. When one face of the test piece refractories under load indicated either by complete is placed on a plane surface and a set square also in sloughing down or breaking of the test specimen. contact with the surface is brought into contact with any part of the periphery of the test piece, the gap 4.2 Apparatus between the side of the test piece and the set square 4.2.1 Electrical Furnace — The furnace shall be shall not exceed 0.5 mm. To ensure that the top and electrically heated and shall consist of a heating tube bottom ends of the test piece are flat over their entire of 100 to 120 mm inside diameter and about 500 mm surface, each end shall in turn be pressed onto a length with a wall thickness of 10 to 15 mm. Heating levelling plate which is lined with carbon paper and tubes of corundum, magnesite or mullite shall be used. hard filter paper (0.15 mm in thickness). As an The surface surrounding and limiting the narrow ed alternative to carbon paper, the ends of the test piece space shall be rounded off at the corners. The zone of may be inked using a stamp pad. Test pieces that do 1 IS 1528 (Part 2) : 2011 not show two complete clearly visible coloured 4.4.5 In control investigations for manufacturing impressions shall be re-ground. purposes, apply the following methods for measuring temperatures, which give values that agree sufficiently Specimens with cracks or other visible defects shall closely with those secured by methods described not be used, and the surface of the cylinder shall be under4.4.4. Sighting upon the surface of the test free from visible defects. specimen, either, 4.4 Procedure a) obliquely from above or; and 4.4.1 Apply an actual load to the loading column of b) from the side through a radial tube of 20mm such magnitude that the preferred stress caused in the maximum inside diameter, inserted in the test piece (including that due to the mass of the loading furnace. column) is as follows. 4.5 Report of Results a) For dense shaped products: 0.2 N/mm2, and 4.5.1 Report the following results of the test in figures, b) For shaped insulating products: 0.05 N/mm2. in addition to the plotted curves: NOTES a) The temperature (t) denoting the point at 1 All stresses being ±2 percent. The total load used shall be e which the curve has dropped 3 mm below its rounded to the nearest 1 N. 2 However, if such tests are carried out for unshaped products highest point. (The highest point is the point using the method described, the recommended loads are: of curve at which it bends downward from a) 0.1 N/mm2 for dense unshaped products, and the horizontal tangent). b) 0.05 N/mm2 for unshaped insulating products. b) The temperature (t) at which the height of e 4.4.2 Raise the temperature of the furnace at the rate the specimen has dropped by 20 mm below of 15°C/min up to 1000°C and at a rate of 8°C/min its highest height. above 1000°C. The difference between the actual 4.5.2 If, in consequence of premature breaking of the temperature-rise and the scheduled rise of temperature test specimen before (t), report the actual softening should not be more than 20°C at any time. The e temperature (t ) denoting the breaking point. temperature in the horizontal plane may also vary b widely, but should not be greater than 30°C. 4.5.3 Report the temperature correct to the nearest10°C. 4.4.3 Plot the change in the height of the specimen during heating against time on rectangular coordinates 4.5.4 The outward appearance of the test specimen beginning at least at 1 000°C, on 10 : 1 scale for change after completion of the test, for example, form of the in height and a convenient scale for time. As the softened body, such as, barrel shape or mushroom temperature is raised at an approximately constant rate shape, location of enlarged sectional view of cracks, and the change in height with respect to time is plotted, spall, etc, shall also be reported. this chart will give the temperature-deformation curve. 5 SAMPLING AND CRITERIA FOR 4.4.4 Measure temperature with an optical pyrometer, CONFORMITY refractory tube closed at its bottom and suspended in the furnace at the beginning of the test. The other option The procedure for sampling and the criteria for may be to measure the temperature by using a well- conformity shall be as laid down in IS 1528 (Part 7). calibrated suitable thermocouple. 2 IS 1528 (Part 2) : 2011 39.3 kg Load = 2 kg/cm2 on 50 mm f SPECIMEN 100-120 All dimensions in millimetres. FIG. 1 ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF THE ELECTRICAL HEATING FURNACE 3 IS 1528 (Part 2) : 2011 T N E M es. GE metr RAN milli AR n G ns i DIN o A si O n L e m E di H All 2T . G FI 4 Bureau of Indian Standards BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to connected matters in the country. Copyright BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations. Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS. Review of Indian Standards Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of ‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly Additions’. This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: MTD 15 (4843). Amendments Issued Since Publication Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS Headquarters: Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002 Telephones : 23230131, 23233375, 23239402 Website: www.bis.org.in Regional Offices: Telephones { Central : Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg 2323 7617 NEW DELHI 110002 2323 3841 { Eastern : 1/14 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V. I. P. Road, Kankurgachi 2337 8499, 2337 8561 KOLKATA 700054 2337 8626, 2337 9120 { Northern : SCO 335-336, Sector 34-A, CHANDIGARH 160022 60 3843 60 9285 { Southern : C.I.T. Campus, IV Cross Road, CHENNAI 600113 2254 1216, 2254 1442 2254 2519, 2254 2315 { Western : Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East) 2832 9295, 2832 7858 MUMBAI 400093 2832 7891, 2832 7892 Branches: AHMEDABAD. BANGALORE. BHOPAL. BHUBANESHWAR. COIMBATORE. DEHRADUN. FARIDABAD. GHAZIABAD. GUWAHATI. HYDERABAD. JAIPUR. KANPUR. LUCKNOW. NAGPUR. PARWANOO. PATNA. PUNE. RAJKOT. THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. VISAKHAPATNAM. Published by BIS, New Delhi

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