इंटरनेट मानक Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public. “जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न’ 5 तरफ” Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru “The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New” IS 14350 (1996): Code of Hygienic Conditions for Sugar Factories. ICS 67.180.10 : 13.100 “!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण” Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda ““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee”” “!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै” Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam “Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen” IS 14350 : 1996 'JOf1 '< rfJ 4 J11 rtCJ? ~ I CfCf) '< ~Tf cB- ~'{:q I \!~ en '< xi f6 (41 Indian Standard CODE FOR HYGIENIC CONDITIONS FOR SUGAR FACTORIES Ies 67.180.10;13.100 © BIS 1996 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAV AN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFA R MARG NEW DELHI 110002 March 1996 Price Group 3 Food Hygiene Sectional Committee~ FAD 45 FOREWORD This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards~ after the draft finalized by the Food Hygiene Sectional Committee had been approved by the Food and Agriculture Division Council. Consumers do not have the available knowledge or means of determining the hygienic quality of the food they purchase. For this~ they rely on the hygienic standards of various industries that prepare and handle food materials. Unless the factory producing the food is governed by a strict hygienic code in respect of plant layout and J.>ersonnel~ the quality of food produced cannot be considered as safe. These factors have been taken into conSideration in the preparation of this code. This code is an adjunct to IS 2491: 1972 'Giode for hygienic conditions for food processing units (first revision ) ~ and it :covers requirements specifip to the sugar industry. This code is subject to the provisions in the Factories Act, 1948 and the Prevention of FoodAdulteration Act, 1954 and the Rules framed thereunder. The basic priuciples of hygiene underlining the technical advice in this code should be applied with appropri- ate mo~ifications to'all. '. IS 14350: 1996· Indian ~"tandard CODE FOR HYGIENIC CONDITIONS FOR SUGAR FACTORIES 1 SCOPE separated by suitable partitions or locations or other effective means so as to avoid contamination of the This code prescribes the hygienic conditions required product with undesirable micro-organisms, odour, for establishing and maintaining a sugar factory. chemicals, filth or other foreign material. 2 REFERENCES 4.3 Ventilation and Lighting The following standards contain provisions which The premises shall be adequately lighted and through reference in this text, constitute provision of ventilated. Ventilation and lighting shall also be in this standard. At the time of publication, the editions accordance with the Factories Act, 1948 [see indicated were valid. All standards are subject to IS 3103 : 1975 and IS 3646 (Part 2) : 1966]. Exhaust revision, and parties to agreements based on this fan shall be provided wherever necessary. Attention standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility shall be given to provide proper ventilation to the of applying the most recent editions of the standards equipment producing excessive heat, steam, vapours indicated below: and gases. IS No. Title 4.4 Floor 3103 : 1975 Code of practice for industrial The floor shall be smooth, washable, properly sloped ventilation ( first revision ) to gullies connected to sewers or drains. It shall be 3646 Code of practice for interior impervious to water and not affected to weak acids, (Part 2) : 1966 illumination: Part 2 Schedule of alkalis -or steam. Cemented floor shall be made for illumination and glare index work room (ground floor), store room and godown. 4251 : 1967 Quality tolerances for water for 4.5 Wahs processed food industry Internal walls shall have smooth, non-absorbent light 4903 : 1979 Guide for treatment and disposal coloured surface, free from crevices and sharp angles, of effluents of cane s{Jgar to facilitate their efficient cleaning. The junction of industry ( first revision) the floor with the walls and the junction between the two walls shall be rounded to prevent accumulation 3 SITE of dust. A sugar factory shall preferably be situated in an open, 4.6 Repairs clean and healthy surroundings, away from garbage dumps; open sewage drains or other places likely to The building shall be maintained in a proper state of breed flies and rodents. It shall be free from sources repair and cleanliness at all times. Whenever required, of obnoxious fumes, smoke, odours or excessive dust. it may be lime washed, painted, disinfected, disinfested and deodorized. 4 BUILDING 4.7 Drainage 4.1 The structure shall be of permanent nature and shall be suitable in size, construction and design to 4.7.1 E.ffective drainage shall be provided to drain facilitate maintenance and hygienic operations for off a large quantity of water used for washing processing purposes. It should provide sufficient space machinery, equipment, furniture, floor, etc, 15 to 30 of housing of equipment and storage of materials (raw cm half circular drains with glazed pipe at the bottom as wen as finished products) as is necessary for hygienic shall be provided. The slope of the floor shall be operations. The material of construction shaH be of towards the drains. The drain openings shall be brick, plaster, cement, concrete, tile or any other provided with screen traps to prevent solid matter from equivalent materials which ensure cleanliness. clogging the drains. The ends ofthe drains leading to the outside of the factory shall be made rodentproof 4.1.1 Construction of the building shall be such by providing screens. The screens shall be examined that it shall be rodentproof and birdproof. The sugar periodically and replaced or cleaned, if necessary. The bagging house shaH also be flyproof, and rodentproof. drains shall have water seals and shall be cleaned 4.2 No portion of building shall be used for domestic periodically to keep them free from any deposits and purposes or other type of food preparations unless to prevent habitation of cockroaches and rodents in IS 14350: 1996 closed areas of drains. supplies. 4.7.2 Drains carrying high pollution load effluent for 6.S There shall be an adequate supply of safe and example juice, syrup, molasses and filter mud, etc, potable water (see IS 4251: 1967). The storage tank shall be segregated from those carrying lower pollution for water shall, unless completely sealed, be kept loads, for example, injection, cooling and condensate covered with tight fitting lids, examined and cleaned water. Oil and grease traps shall be provided in mill regularly. . house and other drains wherever necessary to separate them from other organic matter. 6.9 In centrifugals, uncontaminated water, preferably, condensate water, shall be used in order to produce 5 RAW MATERIAL HANDLING sugar almost free from contamination. 5.1 The raw material to be -accepted for processing 6.10 Suitable fly ash arrestors shall be installed before shall not contain any visible decomposition or discharging the flue gases in the atmosphere and the discolouration. suspended particulate matter (SPM) of flue gases sha.11 conform to the emission standards prescribed by the 5.2 The raw material selected for sugar processing State Pollution Control Board. shall be stored in premises which will protect it against contamination and infestation and minimize 6.11 Perfect sanitary conditions shall be maintained deterioration. during packing and storage of sugar. Sugar godowns shall be kept dry and air tight to prevent growth of 6 FACTORY AND PROCESSING HYGIENE micro-organisms. 6.1 For general cleanliness in a sugar unit all the 6.12 Proper places shall be provided for storage of floors shall be swept periodically followed by sprinkling brooms, brushes, buckets and other cleaning gear. with water and thereafter rubbing with bagasse for Sugar dust catchers/collectors should be provided in drying. the drier house. 6.2 Waste and rubbish shall be collected in covered 6.13 Window glass and light fittings shall be receptacles and shall not be allowed to scatter on the maintained clean and dust-free at all times .. floor of the unit. It should be disposed off in a manner which is not detrimental to the hygiene of the 6.14 There shall be no cobwebs in any part of the surroundings after its disposal. uni t, birds, rodents and domestic animals shall not be allowed in any part of the unit. 6.3 To keep check over microbial activity during juice extraction, mills shall be thoroughly steamed with liYe 6.15 No lavatory, sink, cesspool or garbage shall be steam of 5-7 kg/cm2 or by any other suitable method. so suited or maintained that odours or fumes therefrom During long stoppages all the juices shall be removed pervade any room where the product or raw materials from the mills, gutters, imbibition tanks and then they are prepared or stored. shall be washed with hot water followed by steaming. Judicious use of disinfectant shall be made to keep 7 PLANT AND EQUIPMENT HYGIENE under check the growth of micro-organisms. 7.1 Materials for Equipment 6.4 Leakages in the juice, syrup and molasses pumps 7.1.1 All surfaces coming in contact with the products etc, spillage from tanks and pipelines shall be avoided! from sugar factory shall be smooth, free from pits, minimized. Leakages depending upon their quantum crevices and loose scales and shall be non-absorbent. shall be removed from time to time either by soaking Besides surfaces shall be non-toxic and unaffected by in bagasse or by lifting through pump. sugar house products and cleaning chemicals. 6.5 Filtercake shall be discharged directly into the 7.1.2 Galvanized sheets shall not be used at places trucks or trolleys for its disposal. Its accumulation in where it comes in contact with sugar house the factory shall be avoided as it provides a rich products. substrate for the growth of micro-organisms. 7.1.3 Cadmium and lead shall not be used where they 6.6 The factory effluents shall be disposed off from may come in contact with sugar house products. the factory in a manner which is not detrimental to the hygiene of the factory and its surroundings. The 7.1.4 All gasketing and packing materials shall be factory effluents shall be suitably treated before final non-porous, non-absorbent and fitted in a manner disposal, such that the treated effluents conform to such that stagnation of material between the gasketed the standard prescribed by the State Pollution Control joints is avoided and proper cleaning is possible. Board (see IS 4903: 1979). 7.1.5 Wherever sugar house products normally come 6.7 All water disposal lines shall be large enough to in contact with the equipment surfaces, coatings used carry peak loads. All lines shall be water tight and as a lining to prevent corrosion of the base material of the waste di sposal shall be effected in such a manner the equipment shall be non-toxic, unaffected by and as not to cause contamination with potable water inert to the sugar house product in contact with it or 2 IS 14350: 1996 cleaning chemicals used on it. Furthermore such and any other notifiable diseases occuring in their own coatings shall be non-absOIbent, odourless and tasteless. homes and families. 7.2 Installation of Equipment 9.2 Employees shall keep their finger najls short and clean and wash their hands with soap detergent and 7.2.1 All equipment shall be installed in a foundation water before commencing work. No worker shall allow of durable, easily cleanable material. his hands or any part of his body or clothing to come in contact with the finished product. He should adopt .7.2.2 The placement and design features of the strict hygienic practices so as to avoid adding any equipment in use shall be such that they can be cleaned microbial contamination to the material. easily. An ample supply of steam and water, hose, brushes, cleaning chemicals and equipments necessary 9.3 All employees shall be inoculated and vaccinated for the proper cleaning of machineries and equipments against the centeric groups of diseases once a year. In shall be available. case of an epidemic all workers shall be inoculated. 7.2.3 Whenever equipment passes through walls or 9.4 No worker shall be allowed to work without proper floors, it shall be sealed there to or sufficient clearance clothing and foot wear. shall be allowed to permit inspection, cleaning and maintainence. 9.5 Eating, spitting, nose cleaning or the use of tobacco in any form or chewing betel leaves shall be prohibited 7.2.4 All electrical connections, such as switch boxes, within the manufacturing, packing and storage area control boxes, conduit cables shall be installed in such of the unit. Notice to this effect shall be prominently a way as to facilitate proper cleaning, or be completely displayed and enforced. sealed to the equipment or wall. 9.6 Sufficient and suitable sanitary conveniences shall 7.2.5 The entire processing system shall be cleaned . be provided, maintained and kept clean in every factory. periodically to use. The conveniences shall be properly lighted. Separate conveniences shall be provided for each sex. The 8 WATER SUPPLY conveniences shall always be maintained clean and 8.1 There shall be an adequate supply of safe and in good repairs. potable water (see IS 4251: 1967). Running water under 9.7 No conveniences shall open directly into any work pressure shall be easily accessible to all rooms and room in the factory. However, these should be areas in which food is handled and equipments are conveniently situated and accessible to workers at all washed. times while they are at the factory. 8.2 The equipment shall be so installed and used that 9.8 Sufficient number of wash basins with adequate back siphonage of liquid into the potable water lines provision of nail brushes and soap, latrines and urinals is precluded. in the prescribed manner should be provided. The 8.3 Hot and cold water in ample supply shall be wash basins shall be installed in or alongside the provided for plant clean-up needs, where necessary. sanitary conveniences. 8.4 The storage tanks for water should, unless 9.9 Signs shall be displayed in attractive coloured cqmpletely sealed, be kept covered with tight fitting posters on walls as reminders to include good hygiene liqs, examined regularly and cleaned out at least once and sanitation practice in employees. every six months. The date of the last cleaning and next cleaning shall be prominently displayed on the 10 CHECK LIST FOR HYGIENE/SANITATION storage tanks. AND SAFETY MEASURES 8.5 The water shall be periodically examined as desired 10.1 A check list for use by a responsible officer of by the Licensing Authority, chemically and the management is given in Annex A. It shaH be used bacteriologically. A record of such examination shall at regular intervals, to ensure hygienic sanitation and be maintained. safety measures of the unit. 9 EMPLOYEE HYGIENE 11 STORAGE 9.1 Every person employed in the sugar factory shall 11.1 Storage area shall be free from dampness and be healthy and shall not be suffering from tuberculosis shall be, rodent and flyproof. or any communicable disease. A certificate to this 11.2 Separate storage space shall be provided for effect shall be furnished by the person from an storing machinery, equipment various chemicals, etc. authorised registered medical practitioner. 11.3 Insecticides and pesticides must be stored 9.1.1 The employees shall notify medical officer of separately to prevent pick up of off-notes by the product. the factory and the management, cases of fever, vomiting, diarrhoea, typhoid, dysentary, boils, cuts and 11.4 Damaged product bags to be stored separately to sores and ulcers ( however small ), discharging ears prevent contamination. 3 IS 14350: 1996 ANNEX A ( Clause 10.1 ) CHECK LIST FOR HYGIENE AND SANITATION IN SUGAR FACTORIES A-·J SITE 6) Are the filtercake be discharged Yes/No directly into the truck or 1) Are there any pesticide! Yes!No troneys? chemical! petrochemical/leather or paper industries nearby? 7) Is there adequate supply of Yes!No potable water? 2) Any cattle sheds and open Yes/No se,vage drains nearby? 8) Are suitable fly arrestors Yes!No installed operating? A-2 BUILDING 9) Are proper hygienic conditions Yes!No 1) Is any part of the building being Yes!No maintained in packing and used for domestic purposes/food storing area? preparations without proper partitions? 10) Is separate place be provided for YeslNo keeping brooms, brushes and 2) Are the floors being maintained Yes!No other cleaning material? properly without any brekages! cracks/holes? 11) Are the window glasses and light Yes!No fittings cleaned periodically? 3) Are the roofs/ceiling free of Yes!No water leakage? A-5 PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 4) Are the doors/windows having Yes!No 1) Are the surfaces coming in Yes/No proper netting/mesh? contact with product be smooth, free from pits, crevices and loose 5) Are scheduled repairs, white Yes!No scales? wash, disinfection being carried out regularly? 2) Is the use of galvanized sheets Yes!No be avoided where it comes in 6) Are the lights shieJded to prevent Yes!No contact with sugar house broken glass contaminating the products? product? 3) Are the contamination of Yes/No A-3 RAW MATERIAL HANDLING cadmium and lead be avoided 1) Are the raw materiaJ stored in Yes/No coming in contact with sugar clean and hygienic area? house products? 2) Are the Jaw material received, Yes!No 4) Are the gaskets and packing Yes!No free from visible decomposition materia] non-porous, non- or discolouration? absorbent type to facilitate cleaning? A-4 FACTORY AND PROCESS HYGIENE 5) Are the gaskets and packing Yes/No 1) Are the floors swept/washed Yes!No material be used in a manner to periodically? avoid stagnation of material 2) [8 the waste and rubbish kept in Yes!No between the joints? covered receptacles and 6) Are the inertness of the coatings! Yes!No disposed off regularly? lining to prevent corrosion be 3) Is there any mould growth on the Yes!No ensured? equipment? 7) Are the equipments installed on Yes!No 4) Are the premises kept free from Yes!No place 'which can be easily birds, rodents and flies? washed/cleaned? 5) Are the drains cleaned regularly? Yes/No 8) Are the equipments designed! Yes/No 4 IS 14350: 1996 installed to suit cleaning by 5) Is the water being analysed for Yes/No chemicals, water and steam? its potability and records of such analysis being maintained? 9) Are the equipments passing Yes/No through wall properly installed A-7 STORAGE to permit inspection, cleaning and maintenance. 1) Is the· storage place free from Yes/N 0 10) Are the electrical installation Yes/No dampness? installed in a manner to facilitate easy cleaning? 2) Is· the storage place rodent and Yes/N 0 flyproof? A-6 WATER SUPPLY 1) Is sufficient potable water Yes/No 3) Is separate place for keeping Yes/N 0 available for flushing the ch~micals, machine parts, etc, provided? equipments? 2) Is hot and cold water supply be Yes/No 4) Is the storage of pesticides/ . Yes/N 0 provided for cleaning the plant? insecticides isolated to avoid off notes to the products? 3) Are the storage tanks for water Yes/No properly covered? 5) Is the separate room provided Yes/No for storage of damaged product 4) Are the storage tanks cleaned Yes/No bags? peri odi cally? 5