इंटरनेट मानक Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public. “जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न’ 5 तरफ” Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru “The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New” IS 14166 (1995, Reaffirmed 2002): Handling Carcinogenic Substances--Code of Safety. UDC 614.878 : 661 “!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण” Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda ““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee”” “!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै” Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam “Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen” IS 14165 : 1995 ( Reaffirmed 2002 ) Indian Standard . CARCINOGENIC SUBSTANCES - H~f\NDLING CODE OF SAFETY UDC 614'878: 661 ,~ SIS 1995 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 July 1995 Price Group 2 Chemical Hazards Sectional Committee, CHD 007 Cancer causing agents or substances are called carcinogens, capable of inducing tumors; possible examples are chemicals, viruses and some type of radiations. Exposure over a number of years to small amounts of carcinogens may be sufficient to cause cancer, even though at the time of exposure(s) the:y may not produce any warning signs ( such as odour) or symptoms ( coughing or nausea) on entering the body. Human exposure to carcinogens may occur in the work place through exposure to various industrial materials and processes. Seventy five percent cases of human cancer are influenced by extrinsic factors. Given the multiple sources of carcinogens in the work place and environment, it can be extremely difficult to attribute individual case of cancer to a single source. However, the reduction of exposure gens from any source should generally reduce the overall risk of cancer to humans. Effects of to carcinomutagenic and carcinogenic inducer can also be risk to humans. The composition of technical committee responsible for the formulation of this Indian Standard is given in Annex A. Considerable assistance has been derived from the following publications in preparing this code of safety: a) Alderson M. ( 1978 ) Industrial Cancer Whose Responsibility. Annals. Occup. Hyg. (1978) Vol 21, 285-291. b) Canadian Data Sheet of Occupational Safety and Health ( Rev. 1985 ) I-2, Ontario, Canada. c) Carcinogenic Substances Control and Regulation. NIOSH. IS 14165 : 199~ Indian Standard H.ANDLING CARCINOGENIC SUBSTANCES CODE OF SAFETY 1 SCOPE should be provided with adequate local exhaust ventilation. This code covers guidelines which should be followed while handling carcinogenic substances. 6.3 Continuous genera] mechanical exhaust ventilation shOUld be provided to all areas 2 REFE.RENCES ( including storage) so that air movement is The Indian Standards listed below are necessary always from general work areas to the carcino adjuncts to this standard: gen-handling areas. Regular certification pro cedures must be in place to ensure that a)) air IS No. Title handling systems are wor-king properly. The 4155 : 1966 Glossary of terms relating to exhaust air should be discharged through a chemical and radiation hazards scmbber or flare system. In the case of failure and hazardous chemicals of ventilation system, alarms and established evacuation procedure should be maintained. 4167 : 19-80 Glossary of terms relating to air pollution (first revision) 6.4 In work areas where _potentially high exposures may occur, it is essential to continu 3 TERIHINOLOGY ously monitor exposure levels. For the purpose of this standard, the definitions 6.5 Procedures should be established for given in IS 4155 : 1906 and 4167: 1980 shall removal and decontamination of carcinogens apply. from equipment, material, clothing or other 4 PREVENTION MEASURES items. 4.1 The first line of defence is the recognition 6.6 Warning signs and instructions should be of the hazard. Maintain a list of known and posted. suspected carcinogens used in the work place. 6.7 All containers of carcinogens should be 4.2 The second line of defence should be labelled with instructions for safe handling. engineering controls at design stage. These 6.8 Appropriate measures should be developed controls which should strive to eliminate to prevent leakage or spillage. exposure to carcinogens, include a c10sed system, mechanical seals, remote controls, 7 SAFE WORK PRACTICES local ventilation or exhaust ventilation system. 4.3 In selecting engineering control measures, 7.1 Management, in conjunction with em a number of factors should be considered by ployees, should establish codes of practice for management such as carcinogenic potency; the safe use, storage and disposal of physical state ( gas, vapour, liquid, fume, dust ), carcinogens. particle size; reactivity and corrosiveness of the carcinogen; nature of the industrial process; 7.2 Management should minimize the number amount of carcinogens handled; and duration of persons exposed and the duration and leve 1 of exposure. of exposure, by job rotation if necessary. 4.4 Personal protective equipment should be 7.3 Emergency procedures, including evacua used wherever required. tion of personnel should be develo-ped for areas where it is possible to have serious leaks 5 HAZARD ELIMINATION and spills. Carcinogenic substances shall be replaced with 7.4 Adequate hygienic facilities and practices less harmful substances where feasible. should be established for exposed workers 6 HAZARD CONTROL as given below. 7.4.1 A double locker system adjacent to a 6.1 I)rocesses to be Isolated carcinogen handling area, where each worker 6.2 Closed systems should be used whenever has a locker for street clothes in clean locker possible. Operations which cannot be contained room and a locker for work clothes. IS 14165 : 1995 7.4.2 A shower room located between the two 9.2 Provide workers engaged in specific carcino~ locker rooms so that each worker takes a shower gen-handling operations with suitable respira before putting on street clothes. tors, approved for protection against the hazard in question. 7.4.3 Prior to leaving the carcinogen area, workers should lea ve their protective clothing 9.3 Provision of safety showers and tye wash and equipment at the point of exit. At the fountains, in the work areas. termination of shift workers should be requir 10 \VASTE DISPOSAL ed to place used clothing and equipment in impervious containers (\t the point of exit for Disposal methods should be useu which do not the purpose of decontamination or disposal. permit carcinogens to be introduceu into work 7.4.4 Workers should wash hands, forearms, areas and which do not pollute the external environment. Discharge to the environment face and neck on each exit from carcinogen shall be avoided to the extent possible or it handling area, using facilities adjacent to the shall be avoided in accordance with the relevant Point of exit. and before engaging in other rules and regulations. activities such as eating. drinking, smoking and using toilet facilitie-s. 11 VIRUSES 7.4.5 Workers should shower after the end of Guidelines on the handling of recombinant their shift. DNA molecules and animal viruses and cells 7.4.6 Drinking fountains are not to be placed should be followed. in the carcinogen handling area. 12 RADIATION 7.4.7 Eating, drinking, chewing or smoking are to be prohibited in the carcinogen-handling Radiation devices in ionizing and llon-iontzmg frequencies considered to be hazardous to areas. health must be examined and approved. 7.4.S Dry sweeping is to be prohibited in carcinogen-hand ling areas. (Any vacuum 12.1 Maintenance cleaners used, should be equipped with high Only specifically trained employees should be efficiency filters. ) allowed to maintain or repair equipment con 8 SAFETY PROCEDURES FOR WORKERS taminated with carcinogenic substances (in cluding leaks, spills, and the replacement of 8.1 Approved protective clothing and respira~ filters in gas or liquid lines). In the case of an tory equipment such as continuous air~supplied actual or a suspected spill all materials used in hoods or masks, impervious gloves, boots and the clean up should be disposed off in accor overalls, ~hall be provided. dance with an approved method for the particular chemical product involved. 8.2 Decontamination of the protective gar ments and hoods should be done after use. 12.2 All contaminated waste material shall be transported in leak-proof containers. The waste S.3 Workers should llse the shower after container should bear the sign: CAUTION removal of the protective garments. CANCER CAUSING AGENT. Where sllch 8.4 Periodic medical check up of all employees work ~ould result in direct contact with the should be carried out at a suitable frequency. carcinogen, employees may have to wear clean impervious garments gloves and boots and a 8.5 Workers having keratosis, warts or xero· hood contrnuous'y supplied with clean air. derma (dryness of the skin) should not be employed in occupation where there is cancer Before removing p~oteclive gear, employees must first decontaminate its outer surface, .then hazard. place such clothing and gear in impervious, pro 9 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUlPMENT perly labelled containers for decontamination or disposal. Following removal, employees must If personal protective garments are used, they take shower. should be of the type which may be decontami nated or discarded after use. so that the worker 13 SECONDARY PREVENTION may not accidentally inhale or ingest contami This term is used for approaches that do not nants adhering to his clothing or body or remove carcinogenic agen t, but aim to identify contaminant does not remain in contact with disease at a stage when successful treatment the skin. can be applied. Screening of workers to identify 9.1 Provide workers with clean, complete body disease by physical examination includes protective clothing, shoe, covers and gloves cytology -on a specimen, urine, blood, chest etc. x-ray, or periodic _cytoscopy and other internal 2 IS 14165 : 1995 examination, secondary prevention of cancer occur. The purpose of this examination is to requires collaboration between management, establish a base line agaiilst which changes can individuals and the health Department. be measured and to determir..e whether there exists any medical or other conditions which 14 EIHJCATIONAL TRAINING may lead to increased risk in the work sltuation. PROGRAMME Specific test for particular torgent organ should Befon~ being allowed to work with car-cinogens be conducted. t employees must receive specific training pro gramme regularly in the following subjects; the 14.1.2 It is suggested that while conducting carcinogenic potential of these substances; the pre-employment and periodical medical exami kind of assignments which could result in nation, patch test should be performed to find exposure; decontamination and emergency out whether a person is allergic to the carcino procedures; the employees specific role in genic substances. It wi1l avoid skin disorders recognizing situations which may result in the or any skin cancer. release of these substances. This training must 14.2 Medical Examinations be repeated at appropriate intervals following the initial instruction. The purpose of periodic medical examination is to determine whether a change in health 14.1 Personnel Selection status has occurred or if other conditions have 14.1.1 Pre-placement Examination developed which migbt lead to increased risk in the work situation. It should be noted, how A pre-pLacement examination should be com. ever, that it is unlikely these examinations can pleted by a physician who has been expert in prevent the occurrence of cancer in an indivi toxicology of hazardous substances, on each dual who is exposed to carcinogens. Specific new worker or transferee prior to employment regular biological monitoring test should be in an area where exposure to carcinogens may conducted for suspected type of cancer. 3 IS 14165 : 1995 ANNEX A ( Foreword) COMMITTEE COMPOSITION . Chemical Hazards Sectional Committee, eRD 007 Chairman Representing DR R. K. GARO Defence Recruitment Board, New Delhi Members DR S. K. Aw ASTHI Indian Petrochemical Corporation Ltd, Vadodara SHRL D. C. BHATT CAlternal, DR A. BHASKAR. Hindustan Lever Limited, Bombay SHRI A.JHAVAR ( Alternate) SHUX A. K. CRAKUABOR'£V Directorate General of Factory Advice Service & Labour Institute, Bombay DR J. G. I30MAN'E ( Alternate) SHRI A. Cn ATTIUIJI Tata Risk Management Services, New Delhi SHRJ SUBIR GUPTA ( Alternate) SHRI V. H. CHUDAMANI Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd, Rasayani SURI A. G. SESlfAN ( Alternalt ) SHRI P. K. GllGSR Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, Bombay SHll.l P. M. KARIA Excel Industries Ltd, Bombay SHRI MOHAN P ATIL ( AlUrnate ) SHRI K. G. KA1JrlAL Directorate General of Ordinance Factory Board, Calcutta SHRI Y. R.JAISHIMA ( Alternate) SHRl T. S. KRISHNAN Southern Petrochemical Industries Corporation Ltd, Tuticorin SHRIJ. P. AZARIAH WINSTON' ( Alternate) SURI A. K. MEHRA Shriram Food & .Fertilizers Industries, New Delhi Smu SURINDER KU)lUR ( Alternatl ) DR H. MUKHlm.TlCF. Department of Explosive~, Nagpur Snm A. S. GIIOSAL ( Alternate) SURl L. V. SHASTRI Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay DR D. J. PARIKH National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmadabad Dn T. S. PATEL ( Alternate) DR S. S. RA'J'HI Mjni~try of Defence ( DGQA ), New Delhi -SHRI R. DAS ( Alternate) SHRI A. A. RAMAKlHSHNAN National Organic Chemical Industries Ltd, Bombay DR AJ AV PRAKASli ( Alternate) DR K. V. R.~:.IALJ!'TI1AM Century Rayon, Kalyan SliRIJAYAN'TA ADRIA ( Alternate) REP RESl': S'[ A TlVE Indian Chemical Manufacturers' Association, Calcutta REPRESENTATIVE National Safety Council, Bombay REPRI':SENTA TIVE Central Warehou~ing Corporation, New Delhi REPRF.SENTATIVE Oil Industries Safety Directorate, Bombay SliRIJ.P.SAXENA Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals L"td, Virbhadra DR S. P. SHAUr.U. ( Alternate) SHRI K. D. SHAll)l,U Directorate General of fechoicaJ Development, New Delhi SHH.I C. D. LhNKAR ( Alternate) DR. M. Sl~NGUl'1'A Ministry of Environmpnt & Forests, New Delhi DH. ( SHRJMATI ) INDI1ANI CUANDRAREKARAN ( Alternate ) Dn P. K. SJ£TH Industrial Toxicology Research Centre. Lucknow DR P. N. VISWANATHAN ( AlterM!' ) Smt! A. C. SItIVAS'l'AVA Projects & Development India Ltd, Sindri SHRIM:ATI S()NITA KUMAR Development Commilsioner, Small Scale Industries, Nt:w Delhi DR P. S. VENKATARAMANI Ministry of Defence ( R&D ), New Ddhi DR A. K. 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