IRC:SP:117-2018 Manual on universal accessibility for urban roads and streets Published by: indian roads conGress Kama Koti Marg, Sector-6, R.K. Puram, New Delhi-110 022 noveMber, 2018 Price : ` 900/- (Plus Packing & Postage) IRC:SP:117-2018 First Published : November, 2018 (All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication shall be reproduced, translated or transmitted in any form or by any means without the permission of the Indian Roads Congress) Printed at India Offset Press, Delhi - 110 064 500 Copies IRC:SP:117-2018 contents s. no. description Page no. Personnel of the Highways Specifications and Standards Committee i-ii Abbreviations and Acronyms iii Terminology iv-vi ch 1. introduction 1 1.1 Background 2 1.2 Comprehensive Approach to Universal Accessibility 4 1.3 Need for Manual 5 1.4 Application of the Manual 9 1.5 Laws and Legislations in India and Around the World 10 1.6 Best Practices 11 ch 2. Multidisciplinary Process 21 2.1 Challenges Related to Implementation 21 2.2 Recommended Approach 21 ch 3. street and road elements 25 3.1 Essential Design Considerations 25 3.2 Technical Design Standards 25 ch 4. access to Public t ransport/transit terminals 64 4.1 New Constructions and Existing Facilities 64 4.2 Essential Principles 64 4.3 Technical Design Standards 64 ch 5. safety elements 74 5.1 Common Barriers 74 5.2 Design Principles: Safety, Accessibility, Reliability and Affordability 76 aPPendiX 1 81 references 86 IRC:SP:117-2018 Personnel of tHe HiGHW ays sPecifications and standards coMMittee (as on 24.10.2017) Kumar, Manoj Director General (Road Development) & Special Secretary to Govt. of India, 1 (Convenor) Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, New Delhi Singh, B.N. Addl. Director General, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, 2 (Co-Convenor) New Delhi Verma, Dr. S.K. Chief Engineer (R) S,R & T, Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, 3 (Member Secretary) New Delhi Members 4 Bamezai, Prof. (Dr.) Gita R&D, Indian Institute of Mass Communication, New Delhi 5 Basar, Toli Chief Engineer, PWD, Arunachal Pradesh 6 Bhanot, Balraj Chairman, TED, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi 7 Bongirwar, P.L. Secretary (Retd.), PWD Maharashtra 8 Gupta, D.P. DG(RD) & AS (Retd.), Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, New Delhi 9 Jain, Prof. (Dr.) S.S. Professor, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 10 Jain, R.K. Chief Engineer (Retd.), PWD Haryana Chief Executive, L.R. Kadiyali & Associates, New Delhi 11 Kadiyali, Dr. L.R. (Expired on 18.02.2016) 12 Lal, Bhure Chairman, Environment Pollution Control Authority, Delhi 13 Lal, Chaman Engineer-in-Chief, Gurugram Metropolitan Development Authority, Haryana 14 Narain, Sunita DG, Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi 15 Nashikkar, J.T. Secretary (Retd.), PWD Maharashtra 16 Pandey, R.K. Member (Projects), National Highways Authority of India, New Delhi 17 Parida, Prof. (Dr.) M. Dean, SRIC, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 18 Pateriya, Dr. I.K. Director (Tech), National Rural Roads Development Agency, New Delhi 19 Pawar, Ajit Secretary (Retd.), PWD Maharashtra 20 Porwal, Dr. S.S. (VSM) ADG (Retd.), Border Roads Organisation, New Delhi 21 Raju, Dr. G.V.S. Engineer-in-Chief (Retd.), Roads & Building, Andhra Pradesh 22 Rawat, M.S. Executive Director, AECOM India Pvt. Ltd. 23 Sarangi, D. CGM, National Highways Authority of India, New Delhi 24 Sharma, M.P. Chief Engineer, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, New Delhi 25 Sharma, S.C. DG(RD) & SS (Retd.), Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, New Delhi i IRC:SP:117-2018 26 Sheokand, Balbir Singh Executive Engineer, PWD Haryana 27 Singh, Nirmaljit DG(RD) & SS (Retd.), Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, New Delhi 28 Singh, Pawan Kumar GM, 3M India Ltd. 29 Sinha, A.V. DG(RD) & SS (Retd.), Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, New Delhi 30 Tawade, D.O. Member (T), National Highways Authority of India, New Delhi The Director, 31 Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi (Chandra, Dr. Satish) The Director General, 32 Border Roads Organisation, New Delhi (Shrivastava, Lt. Gen. S.K.) The Director General, 33 Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers, New Delhi (Mathur, Vishnu) The Engineer-in-Chief, 34 Military Engineer Services, New Delhi (Sharma, Lt. Gen. Suresh) 35 Tickoo, Bimal Secretary (T), PWD Jammu 36 Tiwari, Prof. (Dr.) Geetam Professor, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi Superintending Engineer, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, 37 Varshney, Sharad New Delhi 38 Verma, G.L. MD, Engg and Planning Consultants Ltd., New Delhi Corresponding Members 1 Baluja, Dr. Rohit President, Institute of Road Traffic Education, New Delhi 2 Bhowmik, Sunil Engineer-in-Chief (Retd.), Tripura 3 Kandasamy, C DG(RD) & SS (Retd.), Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, New Delhi The Director, 4 (Patil, Capt. (Dr.) Rajendra B. Central Institute of Road Transport, Pune Saner) Ex-Officio Members President, (Pradhan, N.K.), Engineer-in-Chief cum Secretary, Works Department, 1 Indian Roads Congress Odisha Director General (Road 2 Development) & Special (Kumar, Manoj), Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, New Delhi Secretary to Govt. of India Secretary General, 3 Nirmal, Sanjay Kumar Indian Roads Congress ii IRC:SP:117-2018 abbreviations and acronyMs brts – Bus Rapid Transit System cso – Civil Society Organization dtc – Delhi Transport Corporation fob – Foot Over Bridges irc – Indian Roads Congress iPt – Intermediate Public Transport itdP – Institute for Transportation and Development iut – Institute of Urban Transport Km – Kilometer m – Meter(s) Mcd – Municipal Corporation of Delhi mm – Millimeters Moud – Ministry of Urban Development Mrts – Mass Rapid Transit System MsJ&e Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment ndMc – New Delhi Municipal Council nGo – Non Government Organization nMt – Non-Motorized Traffic nMv – Non-Motorized Vehicle PrM – Persons with Reduced Mobility PWd – Public Works Department Pwds – Persons with Disabilities rites – Rail India Technical and Economic Services roW – Right of Way trb – Transport Research Board (of USA) ulb – Urban Local Body uncrPd – United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities uttiPec – Unified Traffic and Transportation Infrastructure Centre of Delhi Wwd(s) – Woman (en) with Disability (ies) WHo – World Health Organization iii IRC:SP:117-2018 terMinoloGy access aisle - An accessible pedestrian space between elements, such as parking spaces, seating and desks that provides clearances appropriate for use of the elements. accessible - A site, building, facility, or portion thereof that complies with the guidelines given in this Manual and that can be approached, entered and used by all people. accessible route - A continuous unobstructed path connecting all accessible elements and spaces in a building or facility that can be negotiated by persons with disabilities. Exterior accessible routes may include parking, access aisles, kerb ramps, walkways and ramps. Interior accessible routes may include corridors, ramps, elevators, lifts, and clear floor space at fixtures. accessible signage - Any visual way finding system incorporates architecture, landscape design, lighting, landmarks and orientation points. Signage is one key element of an effective way finding system and should be accessible to all users. automatic door - A door equipped with a power operated mechanism and controls that open and close the door automatically upon receipt of a momentary signal. The switch that begins the automatic cycle may be photoelectrical device, floor mat, sensing device, or manual switch mounted on or near the door itself. beveled - Smooth, slanted angle between two surfaces; for example, a slant or inclination between two uneven surfaces to allow easy passage of a wheelchair. braille signage - Is a specialist way-finding device that incorporates Braille as a primary source of information for people who are visually impaired and may be aided with raised tactile lettering, maps or pictorial photos. braille - Braille system is a method that is widely used by persons with visual impairments to read and write. circulation Path - An exterior or interior way of passage from one place to another for pedestrians, including walkways, hallways, courtyards, stairways and stair landings. clear - Unobstructed, without any obstruction. color contrast - The basic guidelines for making effective color choices are based on the hue value of the colors. The most commonly used methods of achieving color contrast incorporate either ‘harmonizing’ or ‘contrasting’ color combinations. disability - An umbrella term for impairments (WHO, 2004), activity limitations, and participation restrictions, denoting the negative aspects of the interaction between an individual (with a health condition) and that individual’s contextual factors (environmental and personal factors). Disability is neither simply a biological nor a social phenomenon but arises from the relationship between health condition and context. footpath (sidewalk) - A footpath is a path for pedestrians that are situated alongside a road or a paved pathway. Footpaths should be regarded as a transportation system/network, which is connected and continuous, just like roadways and railways. They should not be sporadically placed, but instead should be provided consistently. iv