CYAN YELLOW SSSPPPOOOTTT GGGlllooossssss MAGENTA BLACK PANTONE 123 C SSSSPPPPOOOOTTTT MMMMaaaatttteeete BOOKS FOR PROFESSIONALS BY PROFESSIONALS® Companion eBook Available S E TL Apple’s iPhone and iPad are incredibly popular and desirable devices, and Get started building your very own TI Learn how to build Java-based BlackBerry D part of the reason for their popularity is the wonderful assortment of apps i ATE available for Apple’s iTunes App Store. So how do you go about creating your P apipPlhicoanteio annsd f rioPmad s acpraptsch EL own apps for the App Store? If you’ve ever dreamed of the perfect iPhone or h R iPad app but never thought you could write your own, then open this book o and get started! iPhone and iPad Apps for Absolute Beginners will teach you to: n • set up your computer for iPhone and iPad application development e • make small changes to existing apps before creating your own a custom apps n • d give your applications style – making them enjoyable to use and easy to navigate i P • take advantage of numerous Apple innovations, such as the multi- a touch screen and accelerometer d • use shortcuts and cheat sheets to create powerful apps the easy way A With reasonable commitment and computer savvy, anybody – from the absolute p beginner on up – can create simple applications for the iPhone and iPad, and this p book will show you how. Dr. Rory Lewis walks you through the steps required s to getting your first applications up and running. His style of presentation cuts through the fog of jargon and misinformation that surrounds iPhone/iPad appli- f o cation development, and he provides simple, step-by-step instructions, comple- r mented by a plentiful array of detailed screenshots and illustrations, practical ex- A amples, and accompanying online videos that enable you to follow along. b The iPhone is the hottest gadget of this generation, and with the release of s the iPad, Apple has done it again! This larger and more powerful multi-touch, o multi-task wonder device advances the innovative design and functionality of l the iPhone, putting users more naturally and vividly in the driver seat of their u own creative processes. This book is the guide to the fundamentals of iPhone t iPhone iPad Apps and iPad application development in a language anyone can understand, es- e and for pecially dreamers. B e g Absolute Beginners i n n e r s L Dr. Rory Lewis e w COMPANION eBOOK SEE LAST PAGE FOR DETAILS ON $10 eBOOK VERSION ISBN 978-1-4302-2700-7 i Foreword by Ben Easton s 52999 US $29.99 Shelve in Mobile Computing SOURCE CODE ONLINE User level: www.apress.com Beginner 9 781430 227007 this print for content only—size & color not accurate Trim: 7.5 x 9.25 spine = 0.75" 336 page count iPhone and iPad Apps for Absolute Beginners ■ ■ ■ Dr. Rory Lewis i iPhone and iPad Apps for Absolute Beginners Copyright © 2010 by Dr. Rory Lewis All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher. 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President and Publisher: Paul Manning Lead Editor: Ben Renow-Clark Technical Reviewer: Kristian Besley Editorial Board: Clay Andres, Steve Anglin, Mark Beckner, Ewan Buckingham, Gary Cornell, Jonathan Gennick, Jonathan Hassell, Michelle Lowman, Matthew Moodie, Duncan Parkes, Jeffrey Pepper, Frank Pohlmann, Douglas Pundick, Ben Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft, Matt Wade, Tom Welsh Coordinating Editors: Fran Parnell and Debra Kelly Copy Editor: Jim Compton Compositor: MacPS, LLC Indexer: Potomac Indexing, LLC Artist: April Milne Cover Designer: Anna Ishchenko Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10013. Phone 1-800-SPRINGER, fax 201-348-4505, e- mail [email protected], or visit www.springeronline.com. For information on translations, please e-mail [email protected], or visit www.apress.com. 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The source code for this book is available to readers at www.apress.com. ii To Adrian and Eunice Lewis: Love you, Granny, and I miss you so much, Pops. —Dr. Rory Lewis iii Contents at a Glance ■Contents at a Glance.......................................................................................iv ■Contents..........................................................................................................v ■Foreword: About the Author...........................................................................ix ■About the Contributing Authors.....................................................................xii(cid:1) ■About the Technical Reviewer......................................................................xiii ■Acknowledgments.........................................................................................xiv ■Preface...........................................................................................................xv ■Chapter 1: Before We Get Started....................................................................1 ■Chapter 2: Blast-Off!......................................................................................17 ■Chapter 3: What’s Next?................................................................................53 ■Chapter 4: An Introduction to the Code.........................................................71 ■Chapter 5: Buttons & Labels with Multiple Graphics.....................................93 ■Chapter 6: Switch View with Multiple Graphics..........................................125 ■Chapter 7: Dragging, Rotating, and Scaling................................................209 ■Chapter 8: Table Views, Navigation, and Arrays.........................................235 ■Chapter 9: MapKit........................................................................................261 ■Index............................................................................................................313 iv Contents ■Contents at a Glance.......................................................................................iv(cid:1) ■Contents..........................................................................................................v(cid:1) ■Foreword: About the Author...........................................................................ix ■About the Contributing Authors.....................................................................xii(cid:1) ■About the Technical Reviewer......................................................................xiii(cid:1) ■Acknowledgments.........................................................................................xiv ■Preface...........................................................................................................xv(cid:1) ■Chapter 1: Before We Get Started....................................................................1 Necessities and Accessories..................................................................................................................................1 What I Won’t Teach You..........................................................................................................................................6 Computer Science: A Broad and Diverse Landscape.........................................................................................6 What You Will Learn................................................................................................................................................9 How Does This All Work?......................................................................................................................................10 Our Road Map: Using Xcode and Interface Builder..........................................................................................12 ■Chapter 2: Blast-Off!......................................................................................17 helloWorld_002 – a Navigation-based Application...............................................................................................38 helloWorld_003 – Modifying a Navigation-based App..........................................................................................48 ■Chapter 3: What’s Next?................................................................................53 §I: THE ROAD AHEAD.............................................................................................................................................54 Introducing Chapter 4—An Introduction to the Code......................................................................................54 Introducing Chapter 5—Buttons & Labels with Multiple Graphics..................................................................55 Introducing Chapter 6—Switch View with Multiple Graphics..........................................................................56 Introducing Chapter 7—Dragging, Rotating, and Scaling...............................................................................58 Introducing Chapter 8—Table Views, Navigation, and Arrays.........................................................................59 Introducing Chapter 9—MapKit.......................................................................................................................60 §II: THE iPHONE AND THE iPAD.............................................................................................................................60 §III: A LOOK UNDER THE HOOD..............................................................................................................................66 You’ve Said “Hello!” … but now, INDIO!.........................................................................................................67(cid:1) v ■ CONTENTS ■Chapter 4: An Introduction to the Code.........................................................71 004_helloWorld: Buttons with Graphics................................................................................................................72 Digging the Code...................................................................................................................................................89 Nibs, Zibs, and Xibs.........................................................................................................................................89 Methods...........................................................................................................................................................90 ■Chapter 5: Buttons & Labels with Multiple Graphics.....................................93 helloWorld_005: a View-Based Application..........................................................................................................93 Preliminaries....................................................................................................................................................94 Xcode – Beginning a New Project....................................................................................................................97 Understanding IBOutlets..................................................................................................................................99 Pointers..........................................................................................................................................................101 Properties: Management & Control................................................................................................................103 Adding IBActions............................................................................................................................................105 Coding the Implementation File.....................................................................................................................106 Providing for Synthesis..................................................................................................................................108 Interface Builder: Making the Connections....................................................................................................110 Final Step: File’s Owner & uiImageView........................................................................................................118 Digging the Code.................................................................................................................................................122 IBOutlets and IBActions.................................................................................................................................122 More About Pointers......................................................................................................................................123 In the Chapter Ahead..........................................................................................................................................124 ■Chapter 6: Switch View with Multiple Graphics..........................................125 einSwitch_001—a Window-Based Application..................................................................................................128 Preliminaries..................................................................................................................................................128 Name your Project “einSwitch01”.................................................................................................................133 Create the 1st UIViewController Subclass.....................................................................................................137 Create the Ein1Controller...............................................................................................................................138 Check Header and Implementation Files.......................................................................................................139 Create the Ein2Controller...............................................................................................................................139 Make Sure Images Are Embedded.................................................................................................................140 Save Einstein2View.xib..................................................................................................................................141 Drag the Images into Xcode...........................................................................................................................142 Assign your Icon in the “plist”.......................................................................................................................143 Code the AppViewDelegate............................................................................................................................144 Working SwitchView......................................................................................................................................146 SwitchViewController and AppDelegate........................................................................................................148 SwitchViewController Header File.................................................................................................................152 Ready for Lazy Load—Implementation File...................................................................................................155 A Note about Comments and Lazy Loads......................................................................................................156 Copy Contents of SwitchViewController.txt...................................................................................................158 A Note about Apple’s Boilerplate Implementation File...................................................................................159 Working on the .xib Files...............................................................................................................................161 Select the File’s Owner..................................................................................................................................163 vi ■ CONTENTS Drag a View onto the Screen.........................................................................................................................163 Start Working on the Einstein#View.xib Files................................................................................................167 Repeat Process for Second Image.................................................................................................................171 einSwitch_002—a Tab-Bar Application.............................................................................................................176 einSwitch_003—a Window-Based Application..................................................................................................191 Digging … Your Brain.........................................................................................................................................207 ■Chapter 7: Dragging, Rotating, and Scaling................................................209 DragRotateAndScale—a View-Based Application..............................................................................................210 Preliminaries..................................................................................................................................................211 Starting the DragRotateAndScale App...........................................................................................................211 Creating a Custom UIImageView Subclass....................................................................................................213 Overriding – initWithImage in TransformView.m...........................................................................................215 Creating Touch-Handling Stubs.....................................................................................................................216 Translating in touchesMoved.........................................................................................................................218 Making Use of TransformView.......................................................................................................................220 Creating a TransformView.............................................................................................................................220 Preparing TransformView for Rotation and Scaling.......................................................................................225 Helper Methods..............................................................................................................................................226 Adding to “-touchesBegan”...........................................................................................................................227 Modifying -touchesMoved.............................................................................................................................229 Digging the Code.................................................................................................................................................232 ■Chapter 8: Table Views, Navigation, and Arrays.........................................235 How Shall We Proceed?......................................................................................................................................238 Table Views and Navigation Stacks....................................................................................................................238 Food: Following the App Store Model.................................................................................................................239 Starting the Food App....................................................................................................................................239 Adding the Category Names Array in RootViewController.h..........................................................................241 Creating the Categories Array in -viewDidLoad............................................................................................242 Setting Up Table View Data Source Methods................................................................................................243 Table View Delegation...................................................................................................................................244 Setting up FoodTableViewController..............................................................................................................245 Creating the Convenience Constructor for the FoodTableViewController......................................................248 Data Source and Delegation for the FoodTableViewController......................................................................249 Creating the FoodViewController Class..........................................................................................................250 The FoodViewController Header File..............................................................................................................251 The FoodViewController Convenience Constructor........................................................................................252 Setting Up FoodViewController, -viewDidLoad, and the (.xib).......................................................................252 Icon File.........................................................................................................................................................254 Testing the App..............................................................................................................................................255 Digging the Code.................................................................................................................................................257 Memory Management....................................................................................................................................257 Reuse Identifiers............................................................................................................................................259 ■Chapter 9: MapKit........................................................................................261 vii ■ CONTENTS A Little about Frameworks..................................................................................................................................262 Important Things to Know...................................................................................................................................263 Preinstalled MapKit Apps....................................................................................................................................263 Find Locations................................................................................................................................................264 Get Directions................................................................................................................................................265 See Which Way You’re Facing.......................................................................................................................266 See Traffic......................................................................................................................................................267 Search for a Location.....................................................................................................................................268 Cool and Popular MapKit Apps to Inspire You.....................................................................................................270 MapKit_01: A View-Based Application................................................................................................................271 Possible Prepping for the App........................................................................................................................271 Preliminaries.......................................................................................................................................................273 A New View-Based Template..............................................................................................................................273 Adding the Annotation File.............................................................................................................................274 It’s Already Working!......................................................................................................................................275 Check It Out—the iPad Simulator..................................................................................................................276 Make It Look a Little Bit Better......................................................................................................................277 Dealing with the Implementation...................................................................................................................278 Coding the myPos.h File................................................................................................................................284 The myPos.m File...........................................................................................................................................285 The AppDelegate Files...................................................................................................................................286 Connect MapView with MKMapView.............................................................................................................287 Digging My Students’ MapKit Code....................................................................................................................290 Parsing to MapKit from the Internet...............................................................................................................290 MapKit Parsing...............................................................................................................................................293 Three MapKit Final Projects: CS-201 iPhone Apps, Objective-C................................................................295 Zoom Out … Seeing the Big Picture...................................................................................................................310(cid:1) ■Index............................................................................................................313 viii