Intertextuality in the Second Century The Bible in Ancient Christianity General Editor D. Jeffrey Bingham Editorial Board Lewis Ayres Brian E. Daley Robin M. Jensen Christoph Markschies Peter Martens Robert L. Wilken VOLUME 11 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/bac Intertextuality in the Second Century Edited by D. Jeffrey Bingham Clayton N. Jefford LEIDEN | BOSTON Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Bingham, D. Jeffrey (Dwight Jeffrey), editor. Title: Intertextuality in the second century / edited by D. Jeffrey Bingham,  Clayton N. Jefford. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2016. | Series: The Bible in ancient  Christianity, ISSN 1542-1295 ; Volume 11 | Includes bibliographical  references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016017467 (print) | LCCN 2016018784 (ebook) | ISBN  9789004308916 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9789004318762 (E-book) Subjects: LCSH: Intertextuality in the Bible. | Bible—Criticism,  interpretation, etc.—History—Early church, ca. 30–600. | Intertextuality. Classification: LCC BS511.3.I58 2016 (print) | LCC BS511.3 (ebook) | DDC  270.1—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016017467 Want or need Open Access? Brill Open offers you the choice to make your research freely accessible online in exchange for a publication charge. Review your various options on brill.com/brill-open. Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 1542-1295 isbn 978-90-04-30891-6 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-31876-2 (e-book) Copyright 2016 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. Contents Acknowledgments vii Abbreviations viii Introduction 1 The Wisdom of Sirach and the Glue of the Matthew–Didache Tradition 8 Clayton N. Jefford 2 Clement and the New Testament 24 Christopher Tuckett Intertextual Relationships of Papias’ Gospel Traditions: The Case of Irenaeus, Haer. 5.33.3–4 37 Richard Bauckham Intertextual Death: Socrates, Jesus, and Polycarp of Smyrna 51 Michael W. Holmes Ignatius of Antioch in Second Century, Asia Minor 62 Allen Brent Riddle Wrapped in an Enigma: Pauline Reception in the Antiochene Acts of Ignatius 87 Candida R. Moss 1 Corinthians 2:9 in the Apostolic Fathers 98 Paul Hartog Melito of Sardis’s Peri Pascha and Its Intertextuality 126 Lynn H. Cohick From Justin to Athenagoras 150 Mark Edwards Reading Martyrdom: Intertextuality in the Letter from Vienne and Lyons 163 D. Jeffrey Bingham vi contents Scripture and Gospel: Intertextuality in Irenaeus  179 John Behr The Demonstration of Intertextuality in Irenaeus of Lyons 195 Stephen O. Presley Bibliography 215 Index of Ancient Sources 237 Acknowledgments We wish to express appreciation for those who have helped bring this book to completion. David Hionides and Craig Keller contributed important editorial assistance at different points in the process. Louise Schouten, Mattie Kuiper, Renee Otto, Tessa Schild and their colleagues at Brill brought the volume to completion with their typical skill and professionalism. We are grateful to each of them. Abbreviations Ancient Sources Ac. Ign. Acts of Ignatius Ac. Phil. Acts of Phileas Acts Pet. Acts of Peter Acts Thom. Acts of Thomas Adv. haer. Against Heresies, Irenaeus of Lyons Aen. Aeneid, Virgil A.J. Jewish Antiquities, Josephus (Apocr.) Ep. Tit. Apocryphal Epistle of Titus (Apocr.) Gos. John Apocryphal Gospel of John 1–2 Apol. 1–2 Apology, Justin Martyr Apol. Apology, Aristides b. Babylonian Talmud 2 Bar. 2 Baruch (Syriac Apocalypse) Bar Baruch Barn. Epistle of Barnabas Ber. Berakot Bibl. hist. Historical Library, Diodorus Siculus Borysthenitica Borysthenic Discourse, Dio Chrysostom 1–2 Clem 1–2 Clement Col Colossians Comm. Dan. Commentary on Daniel, Hippolytus Comm. Isa. Commentary on Isaiah, Jerome Comm. Paul Commentary on the Epistles of Paul, Ambrosiaster Comm. 1 Pet. Commentary on 1 Peter, Oecumenius, Const. ap. Apostolic Constitutions 1–2 Cor 1–2 Corinthians Crat. Cratylus, Plato Dan Daniel De an. Soul, Aristotle Descr. Description of Greece, Pausanius Deut Deuteronomy Dial. Dialogue with Trypho, Justin Martyr Dial. Sav. Dialogue of the Savior Did. Didache Diogn. Diognetus Abbreviations ix Eccl Ecclesiastes 1 En 1 Enoch (Ethiopic Apocalypse) Ep. Letters, Plato Eph Ephesians Eph. To the Ephesians, Ignatius of Antioch Epid. Demonstration of the Apostolic Preaching, Irenaeus Epist. Epistles, Jerome Ep. virg. Letter to Virgins (= On Virginity), Athanasius of Alexandria Eth. eud. Eudemian Ethics, Aristotle Exod Exodus Ezek Ezekiel Fug. On Flight and Finding, Philo of Alexandria Gal Galatians Gen Genesis Gos. Thom. Gospel of Thomas Hab Habakkuk Haer. Refutation of All Heresies, Hippolytus of Rome Heb Hebrews Hist. eccl. Ecclesiastical History, Eusebius Hom. Homilies, Pseudo-Clement Hom. 1 Cor. Homilies on the First Epistle to the Corinthians, John Chrysostom Hom. Eph. Homilies on the Epistle to the Ephesians, John Chrysostom Hom. Gen. Homilies on Genesis, John Chrysostom Hom. Ign. Homilies on Ignatius, John Chrysostom Hom. Jer. Homilies on Jeremiah, Origen Hos Hosea Hymn. Jov. Hymn to Jove or Zeus, Callimachus IEph Inscriptions from Ephesus Inst. Institutes of Oratory, Quintilian Isa Isaiah Is. Os. History of Isis and Osiris, Plutarch Jas James Jer Jeremiah Josh Joshua Judg Judges J.W. Jewish War, Josephus Ketub. Ketubbot 1–2 Kgs 1–2 Kings LAB Book of Biblical Antiquities, Pseudo-Philo Lam Lamentations x abbreviations Laud. Const. Praise of Constantine, Eusebius Leg. Embassy for Christians, Athenagoras Leg. Embassy to Gaius, Philo of Alexandria Leg. Laws, Plato Lev Leviticus LXX Septuagint Lys. Lysistrata, Aristophanes m. Mishnah 3–4 Macc 3–4 Maccabees Magn. To the Magnesians, Ignatius of Antioch Mand. Lit. Mandaean Liturgical Prayer Book Mart. Ascen. Isa. Martyrdom and Ascension of Isaiah Mart. Ign. Martyrdom of Ignatius Mart. Pet. Martyrdom of Peter Mart. Pol. Martyrdom of Polycarp Math. Against the Mathematicians, Sextus Empiricus Matt Gospel of Matthew Metam. Metamorphoses, Ovid Metaph. Metaphysics, Aristotle Mic Micah Migr. On the Migration of Abraham, Philo of Alexandria MLugd Acts of the Martyrs of Lyon Mos. On the Life of Moses, Philo of Alexandria Neof. Neofiti NT New Testament Num Numbers OG Old Greek Opif. On the Creation, Philo of Alexandria Or. Orations, Aelius Aristides Or. Orations, Maximus Or. 12 M an’s First Conception of God (Olympic Discourse), Dio Chrysostom Or. Graec. Oration to the Greeks, Tatian OT Old Testament Pan. Refutation of All Heresies, Epiphanius Pesah. Pesahim 1 Pet 1 Peter Phil Philippians Phld. To the Philadelphians, Ignatius of Antioch Poet. Poetics, Aristotle