Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys., Vol. 42, No. 5, pp. 1187-1197, 1998 Copyright © 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. Printed in the USA. All rights reserved PII S0360-3016(98)0000-0000 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLO BIOLOGY:PHYSICS VOLUME 42, NUMBER 1 AUGUST 1, 1998 TABLE OF CONTENTS @ CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS Radiation Pneumonitis As a Function of Mean Lung Dose: An Analysis of Pooled Data of 540 Patients S. L. S. Kwa, J. V. Lebesque, J. C. M. Theuws, L. B. Marks, M. T. Munley, G. Bentel, D. Oetzel, U. Spahn, M. V. Graham, R. E. Drzymala, J. A. Purdy, A. S. Lichter, M. K. Martel and R. K. Ten Haken 1 Lung and Heart Dose Volume Analyses With CT Simulator in Radiation Treatment of Breast Cancer I. J. Das, E. C. Cheng, G. Freedman and B. Fowble 11 Predictive Factors for Late Toxicity After Endobronchial Brachytherapy: A Multivariate Analysis C. Hennequin, J. Tredaniel, S. Chevret, C. Durdux, M. Dray, D. Manoux, M. Perret, G. Bonnaud, J.-P. Homasson, G. Chotin, A. Hirsch and C. Maylin 21 Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Hyperfractionated Radiotherapy With Concurrent Low-Dose Chemotherapy for Squamous Cell Esophageal Carcinoma J.-L. Raoul, E. L. Prisé, B. Meunier, D. Heresbach, J.-P. Campion and B. Launois 29 Oxygenation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Comparison of Primary Tumors, Neck Node Metastases, and Normal Tissue A. Becker, G. Hansgen, M. Bloching, C. Weigel, C. Lautenschlager and J. Dunst 35 Phase I Dose Escalating Trial of Hyperfractionated Pre-operative Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer B. Movsas, A. L. Hanlon, R. Lanciano, R. M. Scher, L. M. Weiner, E. R. Sigurdson, J. P. Hoffman, B. L. Eisenberg, H. S. Cooper, S. Provins and L. R. Coia 43 Sphincter Preservation in Rectal Cancer With Preoperative Radiation Therapy and Coloanal Anastomosis: Long Term Follow-up R. Wagman, B. D. Minsky, A. M. Cohen, J. G. Guillem and P. P. Paty Adjuvant Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer: Back to the Future W. F. Regine and R. A. Abrams Cost- and Time-Sparing Simplified Conformal Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Is it Feasible? A. G. Morganti, V. Valentini, G. Mantello, G. C. Mattiucci, S. Luzi, M. Leone and N. Cellini Differences in Gross Target Volumes on Contrast vs. Noncontrast CT Scans Utilized for Conformal Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning for Prostate Carcinoma S.-M. Zhou, G. C. Bentel, C. G. Lee and M. S. Anscher Preoperative Chemoradiation for Advanced Vulvar Cancer: A Phase II Study of the Gynecologic Oncology Group D. H. Moore, G. M. Thomas, G. S. Montana, A. Saxer, D. G. Gallup and G. Olt Cost Minimization Analysis of High-Dose-Rate Versus Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy in Endometrial Cancer J. Pinilla for the Gynecology Tumor Group Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix in Saudi Arabia: Experience in the Management of 164 patients With Stage-I & -II Disease ° M. El-Senoussi, Y. Bakri, M. H. Amer and E. B. DeVol Is There a Role for a Brachytherapy Vaginal Cuff Boost in the Adjuvant Management of Patients With Uterine-Confined Endometrial Cancer? K. M. Greven, R. B. D’ Agostino, Jr., R. M. Lanciano and B. W. Corn The Presence of Proliferative Breast Disease With Atypia Does Not Significantly Influence Outcome in Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer Treated With Conservative Surgery and Radiation B. Fowble, A. L. Hanlon, A. Patchefsky, G. Freedman, J. P. Hoffman, E. R. Sigurdson and L. J. Goldstein Long-Term Follow-up of Axillary Node-Positive Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant Tamoxifen Alone: Patterns of Recurrence B. J. Fisher, F. E. Perera, A. L. Cooke, A. Opeitum and L. Stitt A Multidisciplinary Study Investigating Radiotherapy in Ewing’s Sarcoma: End Results of POG #8346 S. S. Donaldson, M. Torrey, M. P. Link, A. Glicksman, L. Gilula, F. Laurie, J. Manning, J. Neff, W. Reinus, E. Thompson, and J. J. Shuster A Brain Tumor Dose Escalation Protocol Based on Effective Dose Equivalence to Prior Experience R. K. Ten Haken, B. A. Fraass, A. S. Lichter, L. H. Marsh, E. H. Radany and H. M. Sandler Patterns of Failure Following Treatment for Medulloblastoma: Is It Necessary to Treat the Entire Posterior Fossa? N. Fukunaga-Johnson, J. H. Lee, H. M. Sandler, P. Robertson, E. McNeil and J. W. Goldwein Medulloblastoma: Time-Dose Relationship Based on a 30-Year Review J. O. del Charco, T. W. Bolek, W. M. McCollough, B. L. Maria, A. Kedar, R. C. Braylan, J. P. Mickle, J. M. Buatti, N. P. Mendenhall and R. B. Marcus, Jr. Prognostic Factors Derived From Recursive Partition Analysis (RPA) of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) Brain Metastases Trials Applied to Surgically Resected and Irradiated Brain Metastatic Cases O. Agboola, B. Benoit, P. Cross, V. Da Silva, B. Esche, H. Lesiuk and C. Gonsalves A Randomized Trial of Three Single-Dose Radiation Therapy Regimens in the Treatment of Metastatic Bone Pain B. Jeremic, Y. Shibamoto, L. Acimovic, B. Milicic, S. Milisavljevic, N. Nikolic, J. Aleksandrovic and I. Igrutinovic @ BIOLOGY CONTRIBUTIONS Changes in Histology and Fibrogenic Cytokines in Irradiated Colorectum of Two Murine Strains M. W. Skwarchuk and E. L. Travis An Experimental Model of Acute Encephalopathy After Total Body Irradiation in the Rat: Effect of Liposome-Entrapped Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase I. Lamproglou, H. Magdelenat, G. Boisserie, F. Baillet, W. Mayo, H. Fessi, F. Puisieux, B. Perderau, N. Colas- Linhart and J.-Y. Delattre ASTRO Research Fellowship: The Role of BCL-2 and Glutathione in an Antioxidant Pathway to Prevent Radiation-Induced Apoptosis M. T. Vlachaki and R. E. Meyn Oxidative Damage of Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Human Hepatoblastoma Cells A. Morales, M. Miranda, A. Sanchez-Reyes, A. Biete and J. C. Fernandez-Checa @ PHYSICS CONTRIBUTIONS A Solid Water Pelvic and Prostate Phantom for Imaging, Volume Rendering, Treatment Planning, and Dosimetry for an RTOG Multi-institutional, 3-D Dose Escalation Study B. R. Paliwal, M. A. Ritter, T. R. McNutt, T. R. Mackie, B. R. Thomadsen, J. A. Purdy and T. J. Kinsella A Critical Evaluation of the Planning Target Volume for 3-D Conformal Radiotherapy of Prostate Cancer A. Tinger, J. M. Michalski, A. Cheng, D. A. Low, R. Zhu, W. R. Bosch, J. A. Purdy and C. A. Perez Radiation Therapy Port Films: A Quality Assurance Study T. L. Morgan, D. A. Banks and A. R. Kagan Whole-Body Dose From Tomotherapy Delivery S. Mutic and D. A. Low @ MEETINGS @ ADVERTISING INDEX @ DIRECT RESPONSE Program Description and Objective/Continuing Medical Education Information xi Schema XViii Officers, Board of Directors and Past Presidents l Abstract Reviewers—1998 Awards 4 Gold Medal Award Tributes—1998 7 Meeting-At-A-Glance 9 Meeting Highlights 10 Special Events—Saturday, October 24 11 Schedule of Events 12 Poster Presentations 49 Agenda for ASTRO Membership Meeting (Active Members Only) 71 Association of Residents in Radiation Oncology Program Society for Radiation Oncology Administrators Program ASRT Educational Conference Commercial Exhibits and Map of Exhibit Hall President’s Address Keynote Addresses President’s Categorical Course on the Central Nervous System Refresher Course Listing Refresher Course Descriptions Abstracts of Panel Presentations Abstracts of ASTRO Oral, Poster Discussion, Poster and Scientific Exhibit Presentations Index of ASTRO Abstracts by Presenting Authors Index of ASTRO Abstracts by Topic VOLUME 42, NUMBER 2 SEPTEMBER 1, 1998 TABLE OF CONTENTS @ EDITORIAL Emmanuel van der Schueren (1943-1998) H. R. Withers @ CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS Concomitant B. I. D. Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy With Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil in Unresectable Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Pharynx: Clinical and Pharmacological Data of a French Multicenter Phase II Study R.-J. Bensadoun, M.-C. Etienne, O. Dassonville, P. Chauvel, X. Pivot, P.-Y. Marcy, B. Prevost, B. Coche-Dequeant, S. Bourdin, J. Valliconi, G. Poissonnet, A. Courdi, E. Teissier, J.-L. Lagrange, A. Thyss, J. Santini, F. Demard, M. Schneider and G. Milano The Impact of Treatment Time and Smoking on Local Control and Complications in T1 Glottic Cancer J. C. M. van der Voet, R. B. Keus, A. A. M. Hart, F. J. M. Hilgers and H. Bartelink Development of a Head and Neck Companion Module for the Quality of Life-Radiation Therapy Instrument (QOL-RTI) A. Trotti, D. J. Johnson, C. Gwede, L. Casey, B. Sauder, A. Cantor and J. Pearlman Failure Patterns by Prognostic Group Determined by Recursive Partitioning Analysis (RPA) of 1547 Patients on Four Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) Studies in Inoperable Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). R. Komaki, C. B. Scott, R. Byhardt, B. Emami, S. O. Asbell, A. H. Russell, M. Roach, M. B. Parliament and L. E. Gaspar Combined Chemoradiotherapy vs. Radiotherapy Alone for Early Stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus: A Study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group T. J. Smith, L. M. Ryan, H. O. Douglass, Jr., D. G. Haller, Y. Dayal, J. Kirkwood, D. C. Tormey, A. J. Schutt, J. Hinson and B. Sischy Variability of Target Volume Delineation in Cervical Esophageal Cancer P. Tai, J. Van Dyk, E. Yu, J. Battista, L. Stitt and T. Coad Actuarial Disease-Free Survival After Prostate Cancer Brachytherapy Using Interactive Techniques With Biplane Ultrasound and Fluoroscopic Guidance G. L. Grado, T. R. Larson, C. S. Balch, M. M. Grado, J. M. Collins, J. S. Kriegshauser, G. P. Swanson, R. J. Navickis and M. M. Wilkes Conformal Proton Therapy for Prostate Carcinoma J. D. Slater, L. T. Yonemoto, C. J. Rossi Jr., N. J. Reyes-Molyneux, D. A. Bush, J. E. Antoine, L. N. Loredo, R. W. M. Schulte, S. L. Teichman and J. M. Slater High-Precision Conformal Radiotherapy (HPCRT) of Prostate Cancer—A New Technique for Exact Position- ing of the Prostate at the Time of Treatment P. Bergstrom, P.-O. Léfroth and A. Widmark Postoperative Radiotherapy for Stage I/II Seminoma: Results for 212 Patients G. S. Bauman, V. M. Venkatesan, C. Tetteh Ago, J. S. Radwan, A. R. Dar and E. W. Winquist Preoperative Radiation With Concurrent 5-Fluorouracil Continuous Infusion for Locally Advanced Unresect- able Rectal Cancer G. M. M. Videtic, B. J. Fisher, F. E. Perera, G. S. Bauman, W. I. Kocha, M. Taylor, M. D. Vincent, E. A. Plewes, C. J. Engel and L. W. Stitt High Dose Rate Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (HDR-IORT) as Part of the Management Strategy for Locally Advanced Primary and Recurrent Rectal Cancer L. B. Harrison, B. D. Minsky, W. E. Enker, B. Mychalczak, J. Guillem, P. B. Paty, L. Anderson, C. White and A. M. Cohen Role of a DT-Diaphorase Mutation in the Response of Anal Canal Carcinoma to Radiation, 5-Fluorouracil, and Mitomycin C Z. I. Goldberg, B. J. Cummings, W. B. Chapman, H. J. Klamut and A. M. Rauth Irradiation in Carcinoma of the Vulva: Factors Affecting Outcome C. A. Perez, P. W. Grigsby, C. Chao, A. Galakatos, M. Garipagaoglu, D. Mutch and M. A. Lockett 1190 Extending the Indications for Breast-Conserving Treatment to Patients With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer J. Clark, J. Rosenman, W. Cance, J. Halle and M. Graham 345 Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: Analysis of Treatment Outcome W. W. Wong, T. Hirose, B. W. Scheithauer, S. E. Schild and L. L. Gunderson 351 Radiotherapy for Unilesional Mycosis Fungoides B. Micaily, C. Miyamoto, G. Kantor, S. Lessin, A. Rook, L. Brady, R. Goodman and E. C. Vonderheid 361 What Is the Prognosis for Patients Who Relapse After Primary Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Low-Grade Follicular Lymphoma? M. P. Mac Manus, C. A. Rainer Bowie and R. T. Hoppe 365 Second Cancer Among Long-Term Survivors from Hodgkin’s Disease P. Nyandoto, T. Muhonen and H. Joensuu 373 Second Malignancies After Treatment for Ewing’s Sarcoma: A Report of the Cess-Studies J. Dunst, S. Ahrens, M. Paulussen, C. Riibe, W. Winkelmann, A. Zoubek, D. Harms and H. Jiirgens 379 Thyroid Dose in Children Undergoing Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation G. Stevens, S. Downes and A. Ralston 385 Radiographic Findings and Morbidity in Patients Treated With Stereotactic Radiosurgery D. Y. Gelblum, H. Lee, M. Bilsky, C. Pinola, S. Longford and K. Wallner Preoperative Irradiation Versus the Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for Prevention of Hetero- topic Ossification Following Total Hip Replacement: The Results of a Randomized Trial O. K6élbl, D. Knelles, T. Barthel, F. Raunecker, M. Flentje and J. Eulert @ BIOLOGY CONTRIBUTIONS Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy With Tetra(M-Hydroxyphenyl)Chlorin: Tumor Versus Striated Muscle Damage S. Andrejevic-Blant, A. Woodtli, G. Wagnieres, C. Fontolliet, H. van den Bergh and P. Monnier The Potentiation of the Effect of Radiation Treatment by Intratumoral Delivery of Cisplatin D. T. T. Yapp, D. K. Lloyd, J. Zhu and S. M. Lehnert @ PHYSICS CONTRIBUTIONS Dosimetric Properties of a Novel Brachytherapy Balloon Applicator for the Treatment of Malignant Brain- Tumor Resection-Cavity Margins J. F. Dempsey, J. A. Williams, J. B. Stubbs, T. J. Patrick and J. F. Williamson A Comparison of Three Stereotactic Radiotherapy Techniques; ARCS vs. Noncoplanar Fixed Fields vs. Intensity Modulation R. M. Cardinale, S. H. Benedict, Q. Wu, R. D. Zwicker, H. E. Gaballa and R. Mohan Initial Performance Evaluation of an Indirect-Detection, Active Matrix Flat-Panel Imager (AMFPI) Prototype for Megavoltage Imaging L. E. Antonuk, Y. El-Mohri, W. Huang, K.-W. Jee, J. H. Siewerdsen, M. Maolinbay, V. E. Scarpine, H. Sandler and J. Yorkston Portfolio: A Prototype Workstation for Development and Evaluation of Tools for Analysis and Management of Digital Portal Images A. A. Boxwala, E. L. Chaney, D. S. Fritsch, C. P. Friedman and J. G. Rosenman @ LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Why the Utility of a Normalized Dose-Response Gradient (y-Factor) Should Be Redefined R. Suwinsky, H. R. Withers In Vitro and In Vivo Radiation Sensitivity of Glioblastoma Multiforme: Correction A. Taghian @ MEETINGS @ ERRATA @ AD INDEX @ DIRECT RESPONSE VOLUME 42, NUMBER 3 OCTOBER 1, 1998 @® CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS Response, Toxicity, Failure Patterns, and Survival in Five Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) Trials of Sequential and/or Concurrent Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Non-Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung R. W. Byhardt, C. Scott, W. T. Sause, B. Emami, R. Komaki, B. Fisher, J. S. Lee and C. Lawton A Pilot Trial of Hyperfractionated Thoracic Radiation Therapy With Concurrent Cisplatin and Oral Etoposide for Locally Advanced Inoperable Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A 5-year Follow-up Report J. S. Lee, R. Komaki, F. V. Fossella, B. S. Glisson, W. K. Hong and J. D. Cox Alternating Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy for Inoperable Stage III Non—Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Long- Term Results of Two Phase II GOTHA Trials R.-O. Mirimanoff, D. Moro, M. Bolla, G. Michel, C. Brambilla, B. Mermillod, R. Mirabell and P. Alberto Radiation Therapy for Chest Wall Recurrence of Breast Cancer After Mastectomy in a Favorable Subgroup of Patients R. Alex Hsi, A. Antell, D. J. Schultz and L. J. Solin Effect of Higher Radiation Dose on Biochemical Control After Radical Prostatectomy for pT3N0 Prostate Cancer R. K. Valicenti, L. G. Gomella, M. Ismail, S. G. Mulholland, R. O. Petersen and B. W. Corn Real-Time Magnetic Resonance Image—Guided Interstitial Brachytherapy in the Treatment of Select Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer A. V. D’Amico, R. Comack, C. M. Tempany, S. Kumar, G. Topulos, H. M. Kooy and C. N. Coleman Prostate Cancer in African-American Men: Outcome Following Radiation Therapy With or Without Adjuvant Androgen Ablation G. K. Zagars, A. Pollack and C. A. Pettaway Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated With External Beam Radiation: Influence of Total Dose, Overall Treatment Time, and Treatment Interruption on Local Control L. Moonen, H. V. D. Voet, R. De Nijs, S. Horenblas, A. A. M. Hart and H. Bartelink Prognostic Factors in Patients With Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix Treated With External Beam Irradiation and IR-192 High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy K. S. Kapp, G. F. Stuecklschweiger, D. S. Kapp, J. Poschauko, H. Pickel, M. Lahousen and A. Hackl Local Vaginal Anesthesia During High-Dose-Rate Intracavitary Brachytherapy for Cervical Cancer H.-C. Chen, S. W. Leung, C.-J. Wang, L.-M. Sun, F.-M. Fang, E.-Y. Huang, S.-J. Wang and C.-W. Yang 125Todine Brachytherapy for Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Recurrent in the Pelvis and Paraortics R. Martinez-Monge, S. Nag and E. W. Martin A Pilot Study of the Effect of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor on Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients During X-Radiation Therapy: A Preliminary Report O. Nicolatou, A. Sotiropoulou-Lontou, J. Skarlatos, K. Kyprianou, G. Kolitsi and K. Dardoufas Second Primary Tumors in Laryngeal Cancer: Results of Long-Term Follow-up A. Narayana, A. T. M. Vaughan, S. G. Fisher and S. P. Reddy Preoperative vs. Postoperative Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Matter of Presentation A. Pollack, G. K. Zagars, M. S. Goswitz, R. A. Pollock, B. W. Feig and P. W. T. Pisters Initial Clinical Results of Linac-based Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Pituitary Adenomas M. Mitsumori, D. C. Shrieve, E. Alexander III, U. B. Kaiser, G. E. Richardson, P. McL. Black and J. S. Loeffler Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Cerebral Metastatic Melanoma: Factors Affecting Local Disease Control and Survival Y. Mori, D. Kondziolka, J. C. Flickinger, J. M. Kirkwood, S. Agarwala and L. Dade Lunsford Preliminary Experience With Frameless Stereotactic Radiotherapy J. M. Buatti, F. J. Bova, W. A. Friedman, S. L. Meeks, R. B. Marcus, Jr., J. P. Mickle, T. L. Ellis and W. M. Mendenhall Craniopharyngioma in Children Y. Khafaga, D. Jenkin, I. Kanaan, M. Hassounah, M. Al. Shabanah and A. Gray 1192 Spinal Cord Compression Due to Extramedullary Hematopoiesis in Beta-Thalassemia Intermedia R. K. Munn, C. A. Kramer and S. M. Arnold 607 @ BIOLOGY CONTRIBUTIONS Enhancement of Fractionated-Dose Irradiation by Retinoic Acid Plus Interferon L. E. Gerweck, S. T. Zaidi and T. F. Delaney 611 External Beam Irradiation Inhibits Neointima Hyperplasia After Injury-Induced Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation U. Schafer, O. Micke, A. Dorszewski, G. Breithardt and N. Willich 617 Late Effects of Intraoperative Radiation Therapy in Anastomotic Rat Colon W. F. Seifert, J. Biert, T. Wobbes, A. A. J. Verhofstad, J. Hoogenhout and T. Hendriks 623 Synthetic, Implantable Polymers for Local Delivery of [UDR to Experimental Human Malignant Glioma J. A. Williams, X. Yuan, L. E. Dillehay, V. R. Shastri, H. Brem and J. R. Williams 631 Extravascular Diffusion of Tirapazamine: Effect of Metabolic Consumption Assessed Using the Multicellular Layer Model K. O. Hicks, Y. Fleming, B. G. Siim, C. J. Koch and W. R. Wilson 641 @ PHYSICS CONTRIBUTIONS The Impact of Treatment Complexity and Computer-Control Delivery Technology on Treatment Delivery Errors B. A. Fraass, K. L. Lash, G. M. Matrone, S. K. Volkman, D. L. McShan, M. L. Kessler and A. S. Lichter 651 Prostate Target Volume Variations During a Course of Radiotherapy J. A. Antolak, I. I. Rosen, C. H. Childress, G. K. Zagars and A. Pollack 661 Comparison of 2D and 3D Algorithms for Adding a Margin to the Gross Tumor Volume in the Conformal Radiotherapy Planning of Prostate Cancer V. S. Khoo, J. L. Bedford, S. Webb and D. P. Dearnaley Quality Assurance of Serial Tomotherapy for Head and Neck Patient Treatments D. A. Low, K. S. Clifford Chao, S. Mutic, R. L. Gerber, C. A. Perez and J. A. Purdy @ MEETINGS AND NEWS NOTES @ ADVERTISING INDEX @ DIRECT RESPONSE VOLUME 42, NUMBER 4 NOVEMBER 1, 1998 @ TRIBUTE A Tribute to Ged Adams E. J. Hall @ EDITORIAL The Tumor Microenvironment: A Double-Edged Sword D. W. Siemann @ KEYNOTE ADDRESS Measurement of Tumor Oxygenation M. R. Horsman @ MEASUREMENT OF TUMOR OXYGENATION Hyperfractionation as an Effective Way of Overcoming Radioresistance J. Denekamp, A. Dasu, A. Waites, and B. Littbrand The Lifetime of Hypoxic Human Tumor Cells R. E. Durand, and E. Sham Heterogeneity of Tumor Oxygenation; Relationship to Tumor Necrosis, Tumor Size, and Metastasis K. De Jaeger, F. M. Merlo, M.-C. Kavanagh, A. W. Fyles, D. Hedley, and R. P. Hill 1193 (Contents continued) Temporal Changes in pO, of R3230AC Tumors in Fischer-344 Rats M. W. Dewhirst, R. D. Braun, and J. L. Lanzen 723 Relationship of Hypoxia to Metallothionein Expression in Murine Tumors J. A. Raleigh, S.-C. Chou, L. Tables, S. Suchindran, M. A. Varia, and M. R. Horsman 27 Preclinical Evaluation of the Novel Hypoxic Marker *""Tc-HL91 (Prognox) in Murine and Xenograft Systems In Vivo D. J. Honess, S. A. Hill, D. R. Collingridge, B. Edwards, G. Brauers, N. A. Powell, and D. J. Chaplin 731 Studies of °°™Tc-BnAO (HL-91): A Non-Nitroaromatic Compound for Hypoxic Cell Detection X. Zhang, T. Melo, J. R. Ballinger, and A. M. Rauth 737 Preclinical Assessment of Hypoxic Marker Specificity and Sensitivity R. V. Iyer, E. L. Engelhardt, C. C. Stobbe, R. F. Schneider, and J. D. Chapman 741 Regional Tumor Oxygen Tension: Fluorine Echo Planar Imaging of Hexafluorobenzene Reveals Heterogeneity of Dynamics R. P. Mason, S. Hunjan, D. Le, A. Constantinescu, B. R. Barker, P. S. Wong, P. Peschke, E. W. Hahn, and P. P. Antich 747 Cervix Cancer Oxygenation Measured Following External Radiation Therapy A. W. Fyles, M. Milosevic, M. Pintilie, and R. P. Hill 751 @ KEYNOTE ADDRESS Bioreductive Therapies: An Overview of Drugs and Their Mechanisms of Action A. M. Rauth, T. Melo, and V. Misra @ BIOREDUCTIVE THERAPIES Involvement of Human Cytochromes P450 (CYP) in the Reductive Metabolism of AQ4N, A Hypoxia Activated Anthraquinone di-N-oxide Prodrug S. M. Raleigh, E. Wanogho, M. D. Burke, S. R. McKeown, and L. H. Patterson The Measurement of Bioreductive Capacity of Tumor Cells Using Methylene Blue J. E. Biaglow, C. J. Koch, S. W. Tuttle, Y. Manevich, I. S. Ayene, E. J. Bernhard, W. G. McKenna, and A. V. Kachur NLCQ-1, A Novel Hypoxic Cytotoxin: Potentiation of Melphalan, cisDDP and Cyclophosphamide In Vivo M. V. Papadopoulou, M. Ji, and W. D. Bloomer @ KEYNOTE ADDRESS Chemical Sensitizers and Protectors C. N. Coleman @ CHEMICAL SENSITIZERS AND PROTECTORS Effects of SN-38 (An Active Metabolite of CPT-11) on Responses of Human and Rodent Cells to Irradiation K. Sasai, G. Z. Guo, K. Shibuya, N. Oya, T. Shibata, Y. Nagata, and M. Hiraoka The Potentiation of Radiation Response in Human Colon Carcinoma Cells Jn Vitro and Murine Lymphoma In Vivo by AG337 (THYMITAQ™), a Novel Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor S. H. Kim, S. L. Brown, and J. H. Kim Redox Generation of Nitric Oxide to Radiosensitize Hypoxic Cells J. B. Mitchell, W. DeGraff, S. Kim, J. A. Cook, J. Gamson, D. Christodoulou, M. Feelisch, and D. A. Wink TX-1877: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activities as a BRM-Functional Hypoxic Cell Radiosensitizer S. Kasai, H. Nagasawa, H. Kuwasaka, T. Oshodani, A. Nishioka, Y. Ogawa, S. Yoshida, S. Inayama, T. Inomata, and H. Hori Continuous Hyperfractionated Accelerated Radiotherapy With/Without Mitomycin C in Head and Neck Cancer W. Dobrowsky, J. Naudé, J. Widder, E. Dobrowsky, W. Millesi, R. Pavelka, C. Grasl, and M. Reichel Pilot Study of Nimorazole as a Hypoxic-Cell Sensitizer With the “CHART” Regimen in Head and Neck Cancer C. P. Cottrill, K. Bishop, M. I. Walton, and J. Michael Henk Concurrent Tirapazamine and Radiotherapy for Advanced Head and Neck Carcinomas: A Phase II Study D.-J. Lee, A. Trotti, S. Spencer, R. Rostock, C. Fisher, R. von Roemeling, E. Harvey, and E. Groves Radiosensitization Mediated by a Transfected Anti-erbB-2 Single-Chain Antibody In Vitro and In Vivo M. A. Stackhouse, D. J. Buchsbaum, W. E. Grizzle, S. J. Bright, C. C. Olsen, S. Kancharla, M. S. Mayo, and D. T. Curiel Electroporation Increases the Effect of Borocaptate (‘°B-BSH) in Neutron Capture Therapy K. Ono, Y. Kinashi, S. Masunaga, M. Suzuki, and M. Takagaki 823 Pulse Radiolysis Studies Indicate That Electron Transfer Is Involved in Radioprotection by Hoechst 33342 and Methylproamine R. F. Martin and R. F. Anderson 827 Radiation-Sensitive Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Cellular Proteins: Sensitive to Changes in GSH Content Induced by Pretreatment With N’Acetyl-L-Cysteine or L-Buthionine-S,R-Sulfoximine S. Tuttle, A. M. Horan, C. J. Koch, K. Held Y. Manevich, and J. Biaglow 833 In Vivo Radioprotection and Effects on Blood Pressure of the Stable Free Radical Nitroxides S. M. Hahn, A. M. DeLuca, D. Coffin, C. M. Krishna, and J. B. Mitchell 839 @ KEYNOTE ADDRESS Modulation of Tumor Oxygenation P. Vaupel, D. K. Kelleher, and O. Thews 843 @ MODULATION OF TUMOR OXYGENATION The Comparative Effects of the NOS Inhibitor, N°-Nitro-L-Arginine, and the Haemoxygenase Inhibitor, Zinc Protoporphyrin IX, on Tumour Blood Flow G. M. Tozer, V. E. Prise, R. Motterlini, B. A. Poole, J. Wilson, and D. J. Chaplin 849 Variability in Blood Flow and pO, in Tumors in Response to Carbogen Breathing J. L. Lanzen, R. D. Braun, A. L. Ong, and M. W. Dewhirst Regional Perfusion and Oxygenation of Tumors Upon Methylxanthine Derivative Administration D. K. Kelleher, O. Thews, and P. Vaupel The Optimal Combination of Hyperthermia and Carbogen Breathing to Increase Tumor Oxygenation and Radiation Response R. J. Griffin, K. Okajima, and C. W. Song MIBG Inhibits Respiration: Potential for Radio- and Hyperthermic Sensitization J. E. Biaglow, Y. Manevich, D. Leeper, B. Chance, M. W. Dewhirst, W. T. Jenkins., S. W. Tuttle, K. Wroblewski, J. D. Glickson, C. Stevens, and S. M. Evans @ ANGIOGENESIS AND VASCULAR TARGETING The Influence of Elevated Levels of Platelet-Derived Endothelial Cell Growth Factor/Thymidine Phosphorylase on Tumourigenicity, Tumour Growth, and Oxygenation L. Griffiths and I. J. Stratford Radiation-Induced Changes in Bone Perfusion and Angiogenesis P. Okunieff, X. Wang, P. Rubin, J. N. Finkelstein, L. S. Constine, and I. Ding Effects of Combretastatin on Murine Tumours Monitored by *1P MRS, 'H MRS, and 'H MRI R. J. Maxwell, F. U. Nielsen, T. Breidahl, H. Stédkilde-Jorgensen, and M. R. Horsman The Effect of Combretastatin A-4 Disodium Phosphate in a C3H Mouse Mammary Carcinoma and a Variety of Murine Spontaneous Tumors M. R. Horsman, E. Ehrnrooth, M. Ladekarl, and J. Overgaard Targeting the Tumor Vasculature With Combretastatin A-4 Disodium Phosphate: Effects on Radiation Therapy L. Li, A. Rojiani, and D. W. Siemann Enhancement of Tumor Radiation Response by the Antivascular Agent 5,6-Dimethylxanthenone-4-Acetic Acid W. R. Wilson, A. E. Li, D. S. M. Cowan, and B. G. Siim @ HYPOXIC STRESS PROTEINS AND GENE REGULATION Developing VDEPT for DT-Diaphorase (NQO1) Using an AAV Vector Plasmid K. H. Warrington, Jr., C. Teschendorf, L. Cao, N. Muzyczka, and D. W. Siemann Enhancement of Gene Expression Under Hypoxic Conditions Using Fragments of the Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and the Erythropoietin Genes T. Shibata, N. Akiyama, M. Noda, K. Sasai, and M. Hiraoka Toward Targeted “Oxidation Therapy” of Cancer: Peroxidase-Catalysed Cytotoxicity of Indole-3-Acetic Acids « L. K. Folkes, L. P. Candeias, and P. Wardman Ionizing Radiation-Induced MEK and Erk Activation Does Not Enhance Survival of Irradiated Human Squamous Carcinoma Cells J. A. Bonner, B. T. Vroman, T. J. H. Christianson, and L. M. Karnitz 921 927 @ MEETINGS & NEWS NOTES IV @ ADVERTISING INDEX y @ DIRECT RESPONSE VOLUME 42, NUMBER 5 DECEMBER 1, 1998 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgment of Guest Reviewers ix-x @ CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS Randomized Clinical Trial on the Combination of Preoperative Irradiation and Surgery in the Treatment of Adenocarcinoma of Gastric Cardia (AGC)—Report on 370 Patients Z.-X. Zhang, X.-Z. Gu, W.-B. Yin, G.-J. Huang, D.-W. Zhang, and R.-G. Zhang 929 Prognostic Implications of Downstaging Following Preoperative Radiation Therapy for Operable T3-T4 Rectal Cancer M.-C. Kaminsky-Forrett, T. Conroy, E. Luporsi, D. Peiffert, M. Lapeyre, P. Boissel, F. Guillemin, and P. Bey 935 Rapid Growth of Microscopic Rectal Cancer as a Determinant of Response to Preoperative Radiation Therapy R. Suwinski, J. M. G. Taylor, and H. R. Withers 943 The Results of Radiotherapy for Ependymomas: The Mayo Clinic Experience S. E. Schild, K. Nisi, B. W. Scheithauer, W. W. Wong, M. K. Lyons, P. J. Schomberg, and E. G. Shaw 953 Survival of Very Young Children With Medulloblastoma (Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Posterior Fossa) Treated With Craniospinal Irradiation F. H. Saran, P. H. Driever, C. Thilmann, S. Mose, P. Wilson, G. Sharpe, I. A. Adamietz, and H. D. Bottcher 959 Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of Preirradiation Chemotherapy With BCNU, Cisplatin, Etoposide, and Accelerated Radiation Therapy in Patients With High-Grade-Glioma S. V. Rajkumar, J. C. Buckner, P. J. Schomberg, J. M. Reid, P. J. Bagniewski, M. M. Ames, T. L. Cascino, and R. S. Marks 969 Efficacy of Radiotherapy for Malignant Gliomas in Elderly Patients S. Villa, N. Vifiolas, E. Verger, R. Yaya, A. Martinez, M. Gil, V. Moreno, L. Caral, and F. Graus Outcome in Elderly Patients Undergoing Definitive Surgery and Radiation Therapy for Supratentorial Glioblastoma Multiforme at a Tertiary Care Institution D. S. Mohan, J. H. Suh, J. L. Phan, P. A. Kupelian, B. H. Cohen, and G. H. Barnett Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy of Small Intracranial Malignancies K. Tokuuye, Y. Akine, M. Sumi, Y. Kagami, S. Murayama, H. Nakayama, H. Ikeda, M. Tanaka, S. Shibui, and K. Nomura Assessment of Neuropsychological Changes in Patients With Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) After Radiosurgery F. Wenz, S. Steinvorth, S. Wildermuth, F. Lohr, M. Fuss, J. Debus, M. Essig, W. Hacke, and M. Wannenmacher Radiotherapy in Ewing’s Sarcoma and PNET of the Chest Wall: Results of the Trials CESS 81, CESS 86 and EICESS 92 A. Schuck, J. Hofmann, C. Riibe, A. Hillmann, S. Ahrnes, M. Paulussen, H. Jiirgens, J. Dunst, and N. Willich Radiation Therapy in the Management of Desmoid Tumors M. T. Ballo, G. K. Zagars, and A. Pollack Cervical Carcinoma Metastatic to Para-aortic Nodes: Extended Field Radiation Therapy With Concomitant 5-Fluorouracil and Cisplatin Chemotherapy: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study M. A. Varia, B. N. Bundy, G. Deppe, R. Mannel, H. E. Averette, P. G. Rose, and P. Connelly Perioperative Morbidity and Mortality of High-Dose-Rate Gynecologic Brachytherapy D. G. Petereit, J. N. Sarkaria, and R. J. Chappell High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy Alone Post-Hysterectomy for Endometrial Cancer C. MacLeod, A. Fowler, P. Duval, I. D’Costa, C. Dalrymple, I. Firth, P. Elliott, K. Atkinson, and J. Carter Pulsed Dose Rate (PDR) Brachytherapy as Salvage Treatment of Locally Advanced or Recurrent Gynecologic Cancer P. T. Jensen, H. Roed, S. A. Engelholm, and F. Rosendal 1196