MEDITERRANEAN PERSPECTIVES Interfaith Relationships and Perceptions of the Other in the Medieval Mediterranean Essays in Memory of Olivia Remie Constable Edited by Sarah Davis-Secord Belen Vicens · Robin Vose Mediterranean Perspectives Series Editors Brian Catlos University of Colorado - Boulder Boulder, CO, USA Sharon Kinoshita University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz, CA, USA As a region whose history of connectivity can be documented over at least two and a half millennia, the Mediterranean has in recent years become the focus of innovative scholarship in a number of disciplines. In shifting focus away from histories of the origins and developments of phenomena predefined by national or religious borders, Mediterranean Studies opens vistas onto histories of contact, circulation and exchange in all their complexity while encouraging the reconceptualization of inter- and intra- disciplinary scholarship, making it one of the most exciting and dynamic fields in the humanities. Mediterranean Perspectives interprets the Mediterranean in the widest sense: the sea and the lands around it, as well as the European, Asian and African hinterlands connected to it by networks of culture, trade, politics, and religion. This series publishes monographs and edited collections that explore these new fields, from the span of Late Antiquity through Early Modernity to the contemporary. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/15161 Sarah Davis-Secord • Belen Vicens Robin Vose Editors Interfaith Relationships and Perceptions of the Other in the Medieval Mediterranean Essays in Memory of Olivia Remie Constable Editors Sarah Davis-Secord Belen Vicens University of New Mexico Salisbury University Albuquerque, NM, USA Salisbury, MD, USA Robin Vose St. Thomas University Fredericton, NB, Canada ISSN 2731-5592 ISSN 2731-5606 (electronic) Mediterranean Perspectives ISBN 978-3-030-83996-3 ISBN 978-3-030-83997-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83997-0 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Praise for Interfaith Relationships and Perceptions of the Other in the Medieval Mediterranean “This volume brings together eleven innovative and important essays on the Iberian Peninsula and the Mediterranean world from the ninth to eighteenth cen- turies. They form an eloquent homage to Olivia Remie Constable, whose work has inspired in her colleagues and students a rigorous attention to sources (their pro- duction, their contextualization, their vocabulary) and an appreciation of the intri- cacies of commercial, legal, and scholarly networks. The Mediterranean here appears as a region in constant movement, a zone of shifting and overlapping frontiers constantly redrawn through commerce, intellectual exchange, and con- flict. It is a book that Remie Constable would have enjoyed reading.” —John Tolan, Université de Nantes, and author of Faces of Muhammad: Western Perceptions of the Prophet of Islam from the Middle Ages to Today “Every essay in this volume will become required reading for anyone interested in how Christianity, Islam, and Judaism were formed and transformed by their encounters with each other on the waves and shores of the Mediterranean. Both the production of difference and the possibilities of pluralism are illuminated in its pages. This is a collection worthy of the great historian to whom it is dedicated.” —David Nirenberg, University of Chicago, and author of Neighboring Faiths: Christianity, Islam, and Judaism in the Middle Ages and Today “This jewel of a book is so much more than a scholarly homage to the intellectual legacy of Olivia Remie Constable. Focusing on interfaith relations and cross-cul- tural exchange, the case studies collected in the volume question the relevance of geographic, temporal, linguistic, and most importantly, disciplinary boundaries, making a compelling case for the continuing vitality of Mediterranean Studies and its capacity to transform the entire field of medieval history.” —Maya Soifer Irish, Rice University, and author of Jews and Christians in Medieval Castile: Tradition, Coexistence, and Change C ontents Introduction 1 Sarah Davis-Secord, Belen Vicens, and Robin Vose Part I Perceiving the Other 13 The Four Seas of Medieval Mediterranean Intellectual History 15 Thomas E. Burman Coronidis Loco: On the Meaning of Elephants, from Baghdad to Aachen 49 Paul M. Cobb Martial and Spiritual at San Baudelio de Berlanga 79 Jerrilynn D. Dodds Seeing the Substance: Rhetorical Muslims and Christian Holy Objects in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries 125 Ryan Szpiech The Perception of the Religious Other in Alonso de Espina’s Fortalitium Fidei: A Tool for Inquisitors? 161 Ana Echevarria vii viii CONTENTS Part II Interfaith Relationships 197 A Global “Infection” of Judaizing: Investigations of Portuguese New Jews and New Christians in the 1630s and 1640s 199 Gretchen Starr-LeBeau Jews, Muslims, and Christians in Late Medieval Society: The Case of Ávila 227 Teofilo F. Ruiz Sex, Lies, and Alleged Rape: Scandal and Corruption in Fourteenth-Century Mudéjar Lleida 255 Brian A. Catlos A Tunisian Jurist’s Perspective on Jihād in the Age of the Fondaco 283 Janina M. Safran The Significance of Morisco Feuding in the Kingdom of Valencia 305 Mark D. Meyerson An Incident at Damietta: 1733 331 Molly Greene Afterword 363 William C. Jordan Publications of Olivia Remie Constable 369 Index 373 n C otes on ontributors Thomas E. Burman is the Robert M. Conway Director of the Medieval Institute and Professor of History at the University of Notre Dame in 2017. He is the author of Religious Polemic and the Intellectual History of the Mozarabs, c. 1050–1200 (1994), Reading the Qur’an in Latin Christendom, 1140–1560 (2007), and, with Brian Catlos and Mark D. Meyerson, The Sea in the Middle: The Mediterranean World 650–1650, (forthcoming). Brian A. Catlos is Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Colorado and research associate in Humanities at the University of California Santa Cruz. He studies ethno-religious identity, Christian- Muslim- Jewish relations, and the history of the Mediterranean from the seventh to the seventeenth centuries. He is co-founder and co-director of the Mediterranean Seminar. He is the author of Muslims of Latin Christendom (2014), which was awarded the Albert Hourani Book Prize by the Middle East Studies Association, Infidel Kings and Unholy Warriors (2014), and The Victors and the Vanquished (2004), which won two prizes from the AHA. Paul M. Cobb is Professor of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations at the University of Pennsylvania. His areas of interest include the history of memory, historiography, Islamic relations with the West, and travel and exploration. He is, in particular, a recognized authority on the history of the medieval Levant and of the crusades in their Islamic context. He is the author of numerous books and articles, including White Banners: Contention in ‘Abbasid Syria, 750–880 (2001); Usama ibn ix x NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS Munqidh: Warrior-Poet of the Age of Crusades (2005); The Book of Contemplation: Islam and the Crusades (2008), a translation of the “memoirs” and other works of Usama ibn Munqidh; and The Race for Paradise: An Islamic History of the Crusades (2014). Sarah Davis-Secord is Associate Professor of History at the University of New Mexico. She is a historian of the early and central Middle Ages and is particularly interested in inter-cultural and inter-religious relations within the Mediterranean Sea region. Her Where Three Worlds Met: Sicily in the Early Medieval Mediterranean (2017) was awarded the 2019 Dionisius A. Agius Prize from the Society for the Medieval Mediterranean. Jerrilynn D. Dodds is Harlequin Adair Dammann Professor at Sarah Lawrence College. Her work has centered on transculturation and how groups form identities through art and architecture. Her publications include Architecture and Ideology in Early Medieval Spain (1990); Arts of Intimacy: Christians, Jews and Muslims in the Making of Castilian Culture (with co-authors Maria Menocal and Abigail Balbale) (2008); Al-Andalus: The Art of Islamic Spain (editor) (1992); The Art of Medieval Spain 500–1200 (co-editor, with Charles Little, Serafín Moralejo and John Williams, 1993), and New York Masjid (2002). Ana  Echevarria is Professor of Medieval History at the UNED (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia) in Spain. Her work cen- ters on relations between Islam and Christianity, particularly interreligious polemics, Castilian mudéjares, conversion, and the crusades. She is also interested in the Trastamaran monarchy in Castile and Queen Catalina of Lancaster and medieval mining. She is the author of The Fortress of the Faith (1999), Catalina de Lancaster, reina regente de Castilla (2002), Caballeros en la frontera. La guardia morisca de los reyes de Castilla (1410–1467) (2013), The City of the Three Mosques (2011), and Almanzor, un califa en la sombra (2011). Molly Greene is Professor of History and Hellenic Studies at Princeton University. She studies the history of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire, and the Greek world. Her interests include the social and economic history of the Ottoman Empire, the experience of Greeks under Ottoman rule, Mediterranean piracy, and the institution of the market. Her first book, A Shared World: Christians and Muslims in the Early Modern Mediterranean (2000), examines the transition from