Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4224 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen UniversityofDortmund,Germany MadhuSudan MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,MA,USA DemetriTerzopoulos UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA MosheY.Vardi RiceUniversity,Houston,TX,USA GerhardWeikum Max-PlanckInstituteofComputerScience,Saarbruecken,Germany Emilio Corchado HujunYin Vicente Botti Colin Fyfe (Eds.) Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning – IDEAL 2006 7th International Conference Burgos, Spain, September 20-23, 2006 Proceedings 1 3 VolumeEditors EmilioCorchado UniversidaddeBurgos 09001Burgos,Spain E-mail:[email protected] HujunYin* TheUniversityofManchester Manchester,M601QD,UK E-mail:[email protected] VicenteBotti UniversidadPolitécnicadeValencia,CaminodeVeras/n 46022Valencia,Spain E-mail:[email protected] ColinFyfe UniversityofPaisley,PA12BE Scotland E-mail:[email protected] *Correspondingeditor LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2006932576 CRSubjectClassification(1998):H.2.8,F.2.2,I.2,F.4,K.4.4,H.3,H.4 LNCSSublibrary:SL3–InformationSystemsandApplication,incl.Internet/Web andHCI ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN-10 3-540-45485-3SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork ISBN-13 978-3-540-45485-4SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. SpringerisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia springer.com ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2006 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:11875581 06/3142 543210 Preface Since itsestablishmentinHong Kongin1998,the internationalIntelligentData Engineering and Automated Learning (IDEAL) conference has become a ref- erence for researchers in both theoretical and practical aspects of learning and information processing, data mining, retrieval and management, bioinformatics and bio-inspired models, agents and hybrid systems and financial engineering. The purpose of IDEAL conferences has been to provide a broad and interdis- ciplinary forum for scientists, researchers, and practitioners in these areas from around the world. A special feature of IDEAL conferences is cross-disciplinary exchangeofideasinemergingtopicsandapplicationintheseareas.Dataanaly- sis and engineering and associated learning paradigms are playing increasingly important roles in an increasing number of applications and fields. The multi- disciplinary nature ofcontemporaryresearchis pushing the boundaries and one of the principal aims of the IDEAL conferences is to promote interactions and collaborations across disciplines. This volume of Lecture Notes in Computer Science contains accepted pa- pers presented at IDEAL 2006 held at the University of Burgos, Spain, during, September 20–23, 2006. The conference received 557 submissions from over 40 countriesaroundtheworld,whichweresubsequentlyrefereedbytheProgramme Committeeandmanyadditionalreviewers.Afterrigorousreview,170top-quality papers were accepted and included in the proceedings.The acceptance rate was only 30%, which ensured an extremely high-quality standard of the conference. The buoyant number of submitted papers is a clear proof of the vitality and increasedimportanceofthe fields relatedtoIDEAL,andis alsoanindicationof the rising popularity of the IDEAL conferences. IDEAL 2006 enjoyed outstanding keynote speeches by distinguished guest speakers:Jos´eMiraoftheUniversidadNacionaldeEducacio´naDistancia,Spain, Xin Yao of the University of Birmingham, UK, Hojjat Adeli of Ohio State Uni- versity,USAandNigelAllinsonoftheUniversityofSheffield,UK.Delegatesalso enjoyeda specialsessionon“Nature-InspiredData Technologies”sponsoredby NISIS. This year IDEAL also teamed up with three international journals, namely, the International Journal of Neural Systems, Integrated Computer-Aided En- gineering and the Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Algorithms. Three special issues on Bioinformatics and Bio-inspired Models, Soft Computing and Hybrid Systems and Algorithms for Mining Large Data Sets, respectively, have been scheduled from selected papers from IDEAL 2006. The extended papers, togetherwith contributedarticlesreceivedin responseto subsequentopencalls, will go through further rounds of peer refereeing in the remits of these three journals. VI Preface WewouldliketothanktheInternationalAdvisoryCommitteeandtheSteer- ing Committee for the guidance and influential and useful advice. We would particularlyliketoacknowledgethediligentworkofourProgrammeCommittee Members who performed admirably under tight deadlines. Particularthanks go to the Applied ResearchGroup ofthe University ofthe Burgos, in particular A´lvaro Herrero, Bruno Baruque and David Mart´ın, and also Juan Manuel Corchado of the University of Salamanca for his suggestions on organizationand promotion of IDEAL 2006.And we must also mention and thankourtechnicalstaffatViajesOjeda.Wewerefortunatetohavethesupport from Junta de Castilla y Le´on, University of Burgos,NISIS, GCI, FEC-Burgos, Caja de Burgos and Caja C´ırculo. We also wish to thank the publisher Springer, especially Alfred Hofmann, Anna Kramer and Ursula Barth for their continued support and collaboration in this demanding publication project. Last but not the least, we thank all the authors and participants for their great contributions that made this conference a successful and enjoyable event. July 2006 Emilio Corchado Hujun Yin Vicente Botti Colin Fyfe Organization General Chairs Jos´e M. Leal Rector of the University of Burgos, Spain Hujun Yin University of Manchester, UK Hojjat Adeli (Honorary) Ohio State University, USA International Advisory Committee Lei Xu (Chair) Chinese University of Hong Kong, China Yaser Abu-Mostafa CALTECH, USA Shun-ichi Amari RIKEN, Japan Michael Dempster University of Cambridge, UK Nick Jennings University of Southampton, UK Sun-Yuan Kung Princeton University, USA Erkki Oja Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Latit M. Patnaik Indian Institute of Science, India Burkhard Rost Columbia University, USA Steering Committee Hujun Yin (Co-chair) University of Manchester, UK Lai-Wan Chan (Co-chair) Chinese University of Hong Kong, China Nigel Allinson University of Sheffield, UK Yiu-ming Cheung Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China Marcus Gallagher University of Queensland, Australia Marc van Hulle K. U. Leuven, Belgium John Keane University of Manchester, UK Jimmy Lee Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Malik Magdon-Ismail Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA Zheng Rong Yang University of Exeter, UK Ron Sun Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA Ning Zhong Maebashi Institute of Technology, Japan Organizing Committee Emilio Corchado (Chair) University of Burgos, Spain Juan Manuel Corchado University of Salamanca, Spain A´lvaro Herrero University of Burgos, Spain VIII Organization Organizing Committee (continued) Bruno Baruque University of Burgos, Spain Rau´l Marticorena University of Burgos, Spain David Mart´ın University of Burgos, Spain Jose Manuel S´aiz University of Burgos, Spain Leticia Curiel University of Burgos, Spain Juan Carlos P´erez University of Burgos, Spain Lourdes Sa´iz University of Burgos, Spain Pedro Burgos University of Burgos, Spain Miguel A´ngel Manzanedo University of Burgos, Spain Carlos L´opez University of Burgos, Spain Carlos Pardo University of Burgos, Spain Bel´en Vaquerizo University of Burgos, Spain Eduardo Renedo University of Burgos, Spain O´scar J. Gonz´alez University of Burgos, Spain Jacinto Canales CPIICyL, Spain Programme Committee Vicente Botti (Co-chair) Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain Colin Fyfe (Co-chair) University of Paisley, UK Ajith Abraham Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea Khurshid Ahmad Trinity College Dublin, Ireland Nigel Allinson University of Sheffield, UK A´ngel Alonso University of Le´on, Spain Luis Alonso University of Salamanca, Spain Martyn Amos University of Exeter, UK Jiyuan An Deakin University, Australia Davide Anguita University of Genoa, Italy Bruno Apolloni University of Milano, Italy Bernard De Baets Ghent University, Belgium Federico Barber Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain Alan Blair University of New South Wales, Australia Mikael Boden University of Queensland, Australia Juan Bot´ıa University of Murcia, Spain Teodoro Calonge University of Valladolid, Spain Carlos Carrascosa Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain Andr´e de Carvalho University of Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil Matthew Casey Surrey University, UK Sheng Chen University of Southampton, UK Songcan Chen Nanjing Univ. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China Sung-Bae Cho Yonsei University, Korea Sungzoon Cho Seoul National University, Korea Organization IX Programme Committee (continued) Emilio Corchado University of Burgos, Spain Juan Manuel Corchado University of Salamanca, Spain Rafael Corchuelo University of Seville, Spain David Corne Heriot-Watt University, UK Ernesto Costa University of Coimbra, Portugal Miguel Delgado University of Granada, Spain Jos´e Dorronsoro Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain Zhao Yang Dong University of Queensland, Australia Tom Downs University of Queensland, Australia Richard Everson University of Exeter, UK Fernando Fern´andez Carlos III University of Madrid, Spain Marcus Frean VictoriaUniversityofWellington,NewZealand Richard Freeman Capgemini, UK Toshio Fukuda Nagoya University, Japan Bogdan Gabrys Bournemouth University, UK Marcus Gallagher University of Queensland, Australia Francisco Garijo Telef´onica I+D, Spain John Qiang Gan University of Essex, UK Mark Girolami University of Glasgow, UK Antonio F. G´omez University of Murcia, Spain Ana Gonza´lez Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain Jennifer Hallinan University of Queensland, Australia Francisco Herrera University of Granada, Spain James Hogan QueenslandUniversityofTechnology,Australia Tony Holden University of Cambridge, UK Jaakko Hollmen Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Robert J. Howlett University of Brighton, UK David Hoyle University of Exeter, UK Hisao Ishibuchi Osaka Prefecture University, Japan Paul Jackway CSIRO, Australia Gareth Jones Dublin City University, Ireland Vicente Juli´an Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain Ata Kaban Birmingham University, UK Hoon Kang Chung Ang University, Korea Juha Karhunen Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Samuel Kaski Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Dong Hwa Kim Hanbat National University, Korea Irwin King Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Aldebaro Klautau Federal University of Para (UFPA), Brazil Mario K¨oppen Fraunhofer IPK, Germany Kostadin Korutchev Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain Rudolf Kruse University of Magdeburg, Germany X Organization Programme Committee (continued) Jimmy Lee Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Kwong S. Leung Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Carlos Linares Carlos III University of Madrid, Spain Paulo Lisboa Liverpool John Moores University, UK Malik Magdon-Ismail Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA Frederic Maire Queensland University of Technology, Australia Roque Mar´ın University of Murcia, Spain Jos´e F. Mart´ınez INAOE, Mexico Simon Miles University of Southampton, UK Jos´e Mira Universidad Nacional de Educacio´n a Distancia, Spain Jos´e Manuel Molina Carlos III University of Madrid, Spain Carla Moller-Levet University of Manchester, UK Ajit Narayanan University of Exeter, UK Ricardo del Olmo University of Burgos, Spain Ram´on Otero University of A Corun˜a, Spain Joaqu´ınPacheco University of Burgos, Spain Juan Pavo´n University Complutense of Madrid, Spain Witold Pedrycz University of Alberta, Canada David Pelta University of Granada, Spain David Powers Flinders University, Australia Jos´e Principe University of Florida, USA a M Jos´e Ramirez Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain Omer Rana University of Wales, Cardiff, UK Vic Rayward-Smith University of East Anglia, UK Perfecto Reguera University of Leo´n, Spain Bernardete Ribeiro University of Coimbra, Portugal Jos´e Riquelme University of Seville, Spain Ram´on Rizo University of Alicante, Spain Shazia Sadiq University of Queensland, Australia Jos´e Santos University of A Corun˜a, Spain Michael Small Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China P. N. Suganthan Nanyang TechnologicalUniversity, Singapore David Taniar Monash University, Australia Peter Tino Birmingham University, UK Miguel Toro University of Seville, Spain Marc Van Hulle K. U. Leuven, Belgium Alfredo Vellido Technical University of Catalonia, Spain Jos´e Ram´on Villar University of Oviedo, Spain Lipo Wang Nanyan Technological University, Singapore Dong-Qing Wei Shanghai Jiaotong University, China