INNOVATIVE RHEUMATOLOGY Edited by Hiroaki Matsuno INNOVATIVE RHEUMATOLOGY Edited by Hiroaki Matsuno Innovative Rheumatology http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/55641 Edited by Hiroaki Matsuno Contributors Wahid Ali Khan, Mohd. Wajid Ali Khan, Mohd Wajid Khan, Andrew B Lemmey, Stevan Stojanović, Branislav Predrag Belić, Rafael Burgos, María A. Hidalgo, Juan L. Hancke, Juan C. Bertoglio, Giovanni Ciancio, Uta Schurigt, Michał Gajewski, Przemyslaw Rzodkiewicz, Koichiro Komiya, Maria Das Graças Henriques, Hiroaki Matsuno, Katarzyna Romanowska-Prochnicka, Marzena Olesinska, Chenqi Zhao Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Danijela Duric Technical Editor InTech DTP team Cover InTech Design team First published December, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected] Innovative Rheumatology, Edited by Hiroaki Matsuno p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0916-7 Contents Preface VII Section 1 Basic Science 1 Chapter 1 Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pathological Implications and Potential Therapeutic Targets 3 Zhiyi Zhang and Chenqi Zhao Chapter 2 New Therapeutic Targets for the Control of Inflammatory Arthritis: A Pivotal Role for Endothelins 29 Maria das Graças Muller de Oliveira Henriques Chapter 3 The Role of Micro-RNAs in Rheumatic Diseases: An Update 51 Giovanni Ciancio, Manuela Ferracin, Massimo Negrini and Marcello Govoni Chapter 4 Catecholestrogens in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): Hidden Role 71 Wahid Ali Khan and Mohd. Wajid Ali Khan Section 2 Clinical Science 93 Chapter 5 Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Biological Agents 95 Hiroaki Matsuno Chapter 6 Perioperative Surgical Site Infections and Complications in Elective Orthopedic Surgery in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Agents − Discontinue or Not, Clinical Dilemma 109 Koichiro Komiya and Nobuki Terada VI Contents Chapter 7 Extraskeletal Manifestations in Rheumatoid Arthritis - Clinical Cases 131 Katarzyna Romanowska-Próchnicka, Przemysław Rzodkiewicz, Marzena Olesińska, Dariusz Szukiewicz and Sławomir Maśliński Chapter 8 Small Molecule DMARD Therapy and Its Position in RA Treatment 165 Hiroaki Matsuno Chapter 9 Gas-Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment: When West Meets East – Actual Medical Concepts with Ancient World Ideas 189 Michal Gajewski, Slawomir Maslinski, Przemyslaw Rzodkiewicz and Elzbieta Wojtecka-Lukasik Chapter 10 Laryngeal Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis 215 Stevan Stojanović and Branislav Belić Chapter 11 Andrographolide a New Potential Drug for the Long Term Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease 247 María A. Hidalgo, Juan L. Hancke, Juan C. Bertoglio and Rafael A. Burgos Chapter 12 Efficacy of Nandrolone Decanoate in Treating Rheumatoid Cachexia in Male Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients 271 Andrew B. Lemmey, Srinivasa Rao Elamanchi, Samuele M. Marcora, Francesco Casanova and Peter J. Maddison Chapter 13 Role of Cysteine Cathepsins in Joint Inflammation and Destruction in Human Rheumatoid Arthritis and Associated Animal Models 287 Uta Schurigt Preface First of all, we are delighted to be able to provide the "Innovative Rheumatology" to everyone involved in the treatment and research of rheumatoid arthritis. In recent years, the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis has undergone tremendous changes due to methotrexate and biologics in large part. Until a decade ago, avoiding joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis was not realistic for rheumatologist. However, prevention of joint deterioration is now possible, and the quality of life of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in long-term has been able to improve by advances in treatment. However, there are still many problems to be overcome before achieving the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. All of review articles presented on this book are explaining treatment, basic research, and patient care of rheumatoid arthritis with innovative perspective and ideas. I hope that the ideas that have been described in these articles help the reader to resolve the outstanding issues in rheumatoid arthritis. Finally, the editor would like to thank the wonderful authors for their contribution to this book. Furthermore, I would like to thank Mr. Danijela Duric and Ms. Silvia Valsa of InTech's for their unfailing help. Hiroaki Matsuno Director, Matsuno Clinic for Rheumatic Diseases, Toyama, Japan Section 1 Basic Science