IMISCOE Research Series Irina Isaakyan Anna Triandafyllidou Simone Baglioni Editors Immigrant and Asylum Seekers Labour Market Integration upon Arrival: NowHereLand A Biographical Perspective IMISCOE Research Series NowacceptedforScopus!ContentavailableontheScopussiteinspring2021. This series is the official book series of IMISCOE, the largest network of excellence on migration and diversity in the world. It comprises publications whichpresentempiricalandtheoreticalresearchondifferentaspectsofinternational migration. The authors are all specialists, and the publications a rich source of information for researchers and others involved in international migration studies. The series is published under the editorial supervision of the IMISCOE Editorial CommitteewhichincludesleadingscholarsfromalloverEurope.Theseries,which contains more than eighty titles already, is internationally peer reviewed which ensuresthatthebookpublishedinthisseriescontinuetopresentexcellentacademic standardsandscholarlyquality.Mostofthebooksareavailableopenaccess. (cid:129) Irina Isaakyan Anna Triandafyllidou Simone Baglioni Editors Immigrant and Asylum Seekers Labour Market Integration upon Arrival: NowHereLand A Biographical Perspective Editors IrinaIsaakyan AnnaTriandafyllidou CERCMigration FacultyofArts,DepartmentofSociology TorontoMetropolitanUniversity TorontoMetropolitanUniversity (FormerlyRyersonUniversity) (FormerlyRyersonUniversity) Toronto,ON,Canada Toronto,ON,Canada SimoneBaglioni DepartmentofEconomics andManagement UniversityofParma Parma,Italy ThisworkwassupportedbyIMISCOE ISSN2364-4087 ISSN2364-4095 (electronic) IMISCOEResearchSeries ISBN978-3-031-14008-2 ISBN978-3-031-14009-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14009-9 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s)2023.Thisbookisanopenaccesspublication. 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ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Contents 1 LabourMarketIntegrationasanInteractiveProcess. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 AnnaTriandafyllidou,IrinaIsaakyan,andSimoneBaglioni 2 FemaleMigrants’ExperiencesofLabourMarket‘Integration’ inDenmark. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 MichellePaceandKatrineSofieBruunBennetzen 3 ExaminingNon-EUMigrantsandRefugees’Agency WhenNavigatingtheBritishLabourMarkets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 FrancescaCaloandSimoneBaglioni 4 SwitzerlandandtheTwoFacesofIntegration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 MariaM.Mexi 5 Precarity,Opportunity,andAdaptation:Recently ArrivedImmigrantandRefugeeExperiencesNavigating theCanadianLabourMarket. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 ClaireEllisandAnnaTriandafyllidou 6 Italy:ThePromisedLand?JourneysofMigrants,Refugees andAsylumSeekersTowardsLabourMarketIntegration. . . . . . . . 129 MattiaCollini 7 ResistanceIsUseless!(AndSoAreResilience andReworking):MigrantsintheFinnishLabourMarket. . . . . . . . 161 QuivineNdomoandNathanLillie 8 MigrationtotheCzechRepublic:PersonalStories AboutRunningfromandRunningTowards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 OlgaGheorghievandDinoNumerato 9 ALongJourneyofIntegration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 IrinaIsaakyan,AnnaTriandafyllidou,andSimoneBaglioni v About the Editors IrinaIsaakyan isaSeniorResearchAssociateatTorontoMetropolitanUniversity. BeforecomingtoTorontoMet,shewasworkingintheEuropeanUniversityInstitute in Florence, Italy. Prior to that, she was teaching English, Cultural Studies and Narrative Biographic Methods in Russian Universities. Holding PhD from the University of Edinburgh, UK, she was also engaged in post-doctoral research and teaching there on the topics of migrant identities and qualitative research methods. Forseveralyears,shehasbeenalsoAssociateEditorintheJournalofImmigrantand RefugeeStudiesandtheManagingEditoroftheIMISCOEResearchSeries.Irinais a qualitative and interpretive sociologist whose research connects to high-skill and elite migrations, gender and identity, diaspora and post-communist studies – and challenges traditional understandings of integration and agency. She has publica- tions on post-communist space and identities, diaspora nationalism and high-skill migrationinjournalssuchasSymbolicInteraction,InternationalMigrationReview, Ethnic and Racial Studies, Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies. She is publishingabookontheglobalelitemigrationofoperasingers. Anna Triandafyllidou holds the Canada Excellence Research Chair in Migration andIntegration,atTorontoMetropolitanUniversity(formerlyRyersonUniversity). PriortojoiningTorontoMetinAugust2019,sheheldaRobertSchumanChairatthe Global Governance Programme, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute, Florence, Italy. She is the Editor of the Journal of ImmigrantandRefugeeStudies.HerrecentauthoredbooksincludeWhatisEurope (with R. Gropas, 2nd edition, Routledge, 2022); and Rethinking Migration and ReturninSoutheasternEurope(withE.Gemi,Routledge,2021).Sherecentlyedited a volume on Migration and Pandemics (2022, Springer.) Her recent journal publi- cations have appeared in the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies (2022), Environment and Planning A: Economy and Society (2022), Ethnicities (2022) International Migration (2021) and Nations and Nationalism (2020). For more information please see: https://www.torontomu.ca/cerc-migration/People/anna- triandafyllidou/andwww.annatriandafyllidou.com vii viii AbouttheEditors SimoneBaglioni holdsaChairinSociologyintheDepartmentofEconomicsand Management at the University of Parma, Italy. Previously, he was Professor of PoliticsintheYunusCentreforSocialBusinessandHealthatGlasgowCaledonian University,UK,andhasheldacademicpositionsattheUniversitiesofGenevaand Neuchatel in Switzerland, and Florence and Milan-Bocconi, in Italy. Professor Baglioni’sresearchinterestsincludelabourmigration,asylum,changesinthelabour market(unemploymentandprecarity),civicengagementandcivilsociety.Heactsas an expert and evaluator for the EU, the ESRC UK, and the Belgian National Research Council. He was the Principal investigator and the coordinator of the SIRIUS H2020 project, and currently is the PI for the UK case of the MATILDE H2020 project, both focusing on migration issues.He has been a principal investi- gatoralsointheEUHorizon2020projectsTRANSSOL(“TransnationalSolidarity attheTimeofCrisis”)andFAB-MOVE(“ForaBetterTomorrow:SocialEnterprise ontheMove”).Hispublicationsinclude11books,numerousarticlesandchapters. Among the recent books Migrants, Refugees and Asylum Seekers’ Integration in EuropeanLabourMarkets.AComparativeApproachonLegalBarriersandEnablers (co-edited with V. Federico) published in 2021 in the IMISCOE Research Series, andSocialPolicyandSocialInnovation(co-authoredwithStephenSinclair,Policy Press,2018). Acknowledgements This book has developed from the interpretive biographic interviews conducted in January–September 2021 as part of the Horizon 2020 project “SIRIUS: Skills and Integration of Migrants, Refugees and Asylum Applicants in European Labour Markets” https://www.sirius-project.eu/. The project itself was implemented in 2018–2020 with the overall purpose to explore labour market integration of migrants,refugeesandasylumseekersintheEU.Groundedinamulti-dimensional framework, SIRIUS aimed to study politically institutional, societal and individual conditions that function as enablers or barriers for labour market integration in different European countries. Our objectives were: to provide systematic evidence onpost-2014migrants’entrancetoandpotential foremploymentatdestination; to explorevarioussocio-economiccontextsaroundtheirlabourmarketintegration;to advance existing integration theories; and to provide policy recommendations to MemberStatesandotherEuropeancountriesonimprovingtheirprogrammesonand servicesforlabourmarketintegration.Toachievethis,weusedthemixedmethod, combiningstatisticalanalysisofmacro-economicfactorswithqualitativeanalysesof meso-level data from focus groups, ethnographic observations and organizational casestudies,andmicro-leveldatafrombiographicinterviews. Thedatapresentedinthisbookwerecollectedandanalysedduringthefinalyear oftheproject.Wewouldliketothankallourinformants,whohavegivenusin-depth biographicinterviewsandhereingenerouslycontributedtoourresearch.Wearealso verygratefultotheanonymousreviewersfortheirinsightfulcomments,whichhave helpedustoreviseandfinalizethisbook.Weespeciallyacknowledgetheroleofthe European Commission, which funded our overall project through the European Union’sHorizon2020ResearchProgramme[GrantAgreement770515(SIRIUS)]. ix List of Figures Fig.1.1 Epiphanictriangle........................................................ 18 Fig.2.1 NumberofAsylumApplicants.(Source:DanmarksStatistik)....... 31 xi