AND OF HABITAT COREOPSIS DISTRIBUTION, IDENTIFICATION, AND DESCRIPTION (ASTERACEAE) EUBLEPHARIS SECTION NEW A OF SPECIES Weakley and Alan LeBlond, Richard S. Bruce A. Sorrie, J. U.SA 27599-3280, CB. 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina RESUMEN INTRODUCTION neotropics NorthAmericaand seven in .he C»^isisagenusof35 28 species, in plamto rangingon the coastal American, easleiarNorth mSectionEuhlepharis Nutt, strictly is on a^eeinent e been hmite There has Nova Scotia to southern Florida and eastern Texas. l),withdisagreementcenteringonC.gIad^ thatpreriousauthorsrecognized (Table and “f™' plant morphology (several characters), habitat fideltty, ^ and ITS plastid from nuclear tnolecularwor^^^ngseq by dons, supported presented below, are largely ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^.^^ oglomCCrawford&MarkTOOSXwhoreportawell-t^lved^^gwy sample The authors including monophyly Eublephans. of section ^ “additional field Cm ^ ^hat C However, and C. rosea. ^ gladiata, C. integrifolia, C. linifolia, provide m pe^ t and relationships labratory needed elucidate studies are to C Smith, C. jloridana E.B. ^ Boynton t^le sectionEublephnns|^CMau^-^J™^^^^^^^^,^^^^^^^^^ for tecognizingnine species in treatment the synonymized in are here recognized not other taxa al while gathering years twenty of period over a author Thecu by the first d d d 1 American North specimen of the information on endemic species accessioned specimens constructe Smith newly by served augmented and as a baseline, Godfrey seven species; for «nce illustration Smith’s work. Smith P'^ovided (1976) we Wooten drawings These Measurements (1981) illustrated six species. each species. within on ygriation data ^mples provided ^ specimens of the species; herbarium (jgyg ^978) cited spec from specimen) '^ere made per 20-23 achenes (1-2 of mature It is describe as follows: & Weakley, nov. (Figs 1, 2). sp. Coreopsis LeBlond, Sorrie 1. aristulata character Differs from combination of C. palusiris in the following S«rie markedly in (= C. heiianthoides Beadle misapplied), but differ ro«sy'>l^ mm and the wide, these 2 PlantsThizomatous; rhizomes 14+ cm, ro rous, ^ Stems lower stem. g from giaied with roots or hardly distinguishable 4-6 lowest gmduallyreducrf^"!^^^^^^^^ leaves t-.lO-BmKiesbelowLflorei;ence.Canlme ^ cm tissue "“ies long, leaf ° leaOess 2.0-3.5 at anthesis. Petioles mm linear ,o „ sheaths 1-2 Blades glabrous, long. margins mi- LVry) ^Kxasbngas s.iff,hri.ilewhendry,surfa«ssm^h.shno^^^^^^ Wide, thick, open, Dutely 13-50 cmlong, scabrid. Inflorescence 0.4- midpoint, ^ide 8_1 at me 0 blunt, mm Vt rays. Outer phyllaries narrowly lance-oblong, mm wide 3-4.2 at long, 5 r ^aslongas innerphyllariesovate-oblong^pere^^^ the inner; .^^^^ • ''^estpoint.Achene oblanceolate-oblong,(3.0-)3.2 bodies mm mm wide, 0.1-0.3 Wings); awns wings 0.2-0.4 long; Run N Haws slow Co.: F Thalictrum cooleyi, It, ^ -D (NCU). Pender Co.: S j,. . 23Oct2011.R. virgalum ivirentumvar Eublephans section in species only — ’ r the are 4 aristulata and , palustrts Coreopsis two shriveled senes- or s. ^ lous at anthesi: ‘^ent leaves. This character is a striking 4. . chatacte by the to distinguished herbaria. The two can be species NoKthatleafwidihandacheneawnlengthdoiiotoverlapbetweenthelwospecies;m{acl,awnlenglho C. amlulata only 38% * is of that of C. palusths. The narrow of leaves of C. arislulala are simiUr to those narrow-leaved extreme of C. glndtotn mayh (described as C. Imgifolia Small), and specimens of the latter mistaken « lorthefornrer.Howev^.leafbladesofCnrismlmaamevenlongerandmoren C of ongi/olin the lowest leaves are absent , at anthesis awns sthkitigH (vs. present), and achene are mm the short (mean 0.3 mm). vs. 1.5 and Habitat Dates^orecrpsis aristulata occurs in the Very Wet Loamy Savanna natura Pine community (Schafale 2012), equivalent to the Pinus palustris-Pinus virginiana/Sp serotina/Magnolia Woodland (CEGL004500) Community structure ii 1^ V (NatureServe 2012). Ti! ^ usu and ^ dominated by Michx., Pinus serotina 1 ally wi^tthh someP.palitstnsP.MiUandTaxodinmnscendemBrongnTheshrnbUyer issparsetop^^^^^ typically M C i. Characters ot Loreopsis amtulata vs. palustns. N and of creeks IS ri e North Carolina tc With Morelia caroliniensis Mill.) Small, (P. Cyrilla racemiflora L., Ilex glabra (L.) A. Gray, myrtifolia Wall, and I. & Vacciniumfuscatum Aiton prominent. Juvenile Acer rubrum L. var. trilobum Torrey A. Gray and Nyssa biflora Walter are often present. The herb layer is dense, and dominated by combinations of Ctenium aromaticum, Sporobolus pinetorum, and several Rhynchospora taxa [e.g., R. pinetorum Small, R. latifolia (Baldwin ex Ell.) Thomas, and R. thomei Flowering mid Krai]. Sep-mid dates: Oct. Etymology.—The specific epithet, aristulata, means “with short awn" or “with short bristle.” Range.— Coreopsis aristulata occurs only in Onslow and Pender North Other counties. Carolina (Fig. 3). endemic locally species share range and tliis specialized habitat: Allium sp. nov. cemuum Roth (Alliaceae), aff. Carex LeBlond lutea (Cyperaceae), Scleria sp. nov. aff. dliottii Chapman (Cyperaceae), and Thalictrum cooleyi Ahles (Ranunculaceae); LeBlond see and et (1994) LeBlond al. (2001) for a discussion of this remarkable eco- system. The three localities cited under Specimens Examined km occur within eight of each other and are part complex of a of savannas that are remnants of once a larger ecosystem. F.E. Boynton, i Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1(2):14L 1902. This and nudata C. are the only spring/summer blooming species in the section and both have basally disposed leaves^ nudata C. is easily distinguished by pink deep its to rosy ray and more southern ligules, terete leaves, istnbution; the two species are allopatric. Seven out of 51 specimens NCU we could not at lacked leaf lobes (or them see hence clearly); this species keyed is twice. mm; features very only It short achene awns, averaging 0.5 those of C. anstulata are shorter. Furthermore, achenes of C.falcata are truncated each end, unlike any other at p^ies. inhabits seepage It bogs, wet savannas, wet borrow and from pits, seepy streamsides. C.falcata ranges ex reme southeastern Virginia [Fleming and Caljouw 10435 (GMUF, WILLI)] southern South Carolina (Fig. to was 4). It reported or Georgia in McIntosh and Bibb Counties by Jones and Code (1988) and there is a speci- men GH at snnpty labeled “Georgia”; possibly more common it is in Georgia than these few records indicate. (NCU)], which s.n. is far out of range but plausible if collected in a monta May-late June(-earlyJul). 3. Coreopsis Horidana E.B. Smith, Sida 6:192. 1976. and shape ^ broader, resulting in an elliptical “andZTb^'d Lith represent drawing ‘"e in (1976) esemblmg Uese C./alcotu. two speetes ate amply outer distinguished by Dowering length of period, s usua present y in C.falcata. Coreopsis jloridana wet savannas, flat' inhabits 305 Eublepharis Coreopsis sect. Soriie et al.. and lower Most plants have broadly elliptic basal from other and are strikingly distinct all leaves C may have (=helianthoides) only palustris taxa; but those occur only in broad leaves, similarly and because the basal region mid-cauline the have senesced by anthesis. Core- lower leaves and have the longest C. gladiata linifolia opsis described as C. Plants originally respectively. narrow extreme Small represent the longifolia morphology appears to achene width; of leaf appears narrow leaved variant This differences. most but throughout the range, is more-or-less peninsular Florida. Core- encountered in often Gulf most frequent in the East gladiata is opsis wet pitcher- where inhabits Coastal Plain, it Disjunct streamhead seepages. and bogs plant mountains of the Car- occur in the populations mon- where they inhabit and Georgia, olinas ranges gladiata Coreopsis bogs. seepage tane north Florida South Carolina to from eastern mon- disjunct to Mississippi; southeastern and and North Caro- South Carolina, Georgia, tane southeastern be sought in should lina (Fig. 6). It mid August-early Howering dates; Louisiana. November. integrifolia Poii Coreopsis Suppl.2,352.1811. opposite, in strictly distinctive its species is s Core- small-bladed leaves. uniformly and ite, known from and local, rare is integrifolia is south- in northern Florida, five in counties South southeastern and four in Georgia, 1 We have not been able to verify (Fig. 7). rolina 2006). (Strother It North Carolina from iport This seepages. and streamside ts, calcareous soils. prefer appears to species November. mid August-early dates: Flowering 307 Eublepharis Coreopsis sert. Sonie et al.. Beadle has hdianthoides Since inception, C. its been misunderstood and often neglected a due the general pau- In part this to species. is specimens in herbaria and in part due to of city Beadle (1898) erroneous protolog. Beadle’s October type [Aspalaga, Florida, designated a AW. Chapman (Biltmore Herb., holo- 1897, s.n. MO!, isotypes US!)], perhaps destroyed; type Wal- specimens actually are C. gladiata but the broad-bladed leaves due the presence of to ter, culm and and lower nodes, collect- basal at all outside of the prov- hundreds kilometers ed of We recommend hdianthoides. en range of C. name Walter be conserved gladiata C. that the neo- Smith has designated a Walter’s plant; for known Therefore, the entity above). type (see (Weakley 2011). Sorrie et al. name: palustris C. highly distinctive of this The features salient been overlooked by practically all have species Radford (1968). Its leaf except et al. authors by matched only C. aristulata, phenology is 4-6 senescent or decidu- leaves lower with the nodes lower the thus leaving ous by anthesis, nota- naked. Coreopsis palustris is essentially mm), wings achene (0.5 broad very the ble for Coreopsis palustris by nudata. matched only C. with ascending distal grows prostrate often due relatively perhaps to stems, portions of section species in of the inundation; frequent C and integrifolia palustris only C. Eublepharis, inhabits palustris Coreopsis overflow. stream or creek fresh tidal and openings, swamp forests borrow ponds. rang- and It marshes, margins, Duval North Carolina to southeastern from es in 1898) there collected Florida (last County, are specimens of C. palustris Georgia 10). (Fig. N mi of Camden County, 1 extremely rare; 50908 (FSU, Godfrey Oct 1950, 18 Kingsland, mid August-late Flowering dates: NCSC). Amer. Gen. N. Pi. rosea Nutt., Coreopsis 9. no other species in sec of The distribution in under-represented been as has Eublepharis manuals and monographs maps as that of C. rosea. For example, Smith (1976) in six it New New Rhode Island, York, Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland) plus Nova Scotia, Canada. Strother (2006) lists New Rhode six states (Massachusetts, Island, Jersey, Delaware, and South Carolina) plus Nova Scotia. Howev- New er, there are specimens dating as far back as 1903 from Maryland (MO), 1871 from York (GH), 1865 from Pennsylvania (GH, MO), and 1900 from South Carolina (PH). Nuttall’s original discovery was made in Georgia my in October 1815: “about 20 mis. from Savannah on way to Augusta found and a beautiful new purple I . . . flowered species of Coreopsis!” (Graustein 1967, p. 101). This location would be in present-day Effingham County. New Nuttafl’s original description of C. rosea clearly stated that occurred “from it Jersey to Georgia” (Nuttall 1818, p. 179). Finally, there is a Leavenworth specimen collected in Georgia pre-1862 (Leavenworth PH), as reported by Smith s.n. (1978). Figure 11 shows the distribution by county. Coreopsis rosea is unique in the section in its very short and narrow achenes which wings and The may lack awns. awnless achenes suggest with some affinity other section of the genus, as was done by Sherff (1936)—section Calliopsis—but molecular data needed guide IS to current decision-making. Coreopsis rosea inhabits sandy to stony shores of ponds, lakes, and other depressional wetlands, plus sandy margins Waccamaw of River, South Carolina. Flowering dates: mid Jul-late Sep.