Identification and characterization of traditional rice genotypes for drought tolerance through proteomic approach By PRATHI NARESH BABU (2013-11-107) Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE VELLANIKKARA, THRISSUR – 680656 KERALA, INDIA 2015 Identification and characterization of traditional rice genotypes for drought tolerance through proteomic approach By PRATHI NARESH BABU THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE (PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY) Faculty of Agriculture Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur CENTRE FOR PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE VELLANIKKARA, THRISSUR – 680656 KERALA, INDIA 2015 DECLARATION I, hereby declare that the thesis entitled “Identification and Characterisation of traditional rice genotypes for drought tolerance through proteomic approach” is a bonafide record of research work done by me during the course of research and the thesis has not previously formed the basis for the award to me any degree, diploma, fellowship or other similar title of any other University or Society. Vellanikkara Prathi Naresh Babu Date: (2013-11-107) CERTIFICATE Certified that the thesis entitled “Identification and Characterisation of traditional rice genotypes for drought tolerance through proteomic approach” is a bonafide record of research work done independently by Mr. Prathi Naresh Babu (2013-11- 107) under my guidance and supervision and that it has not previously formed the basis for the award of any degree, diploma, associateship or fellowship to him. Vellanikkara Dr. Abida, P.S. Date: Major advisor, Advisory Committee Associate Professor Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology College of Horticulture Vellanikkara, Thrissur CERTIFICATE We, the undersigned members of the advisory committee of Mr. Prathi Naresh Babu (2013-11-107), a candidate for the degree of Master of Science in Agriculture with major field in Plant Biotechnology, agree that the thesis entitled “Identification and Characterization of traditional rice genotypes for drought tolerance through proteomic approach” may be submitted by Mr. Prathi Naresh Babu., in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree. Dr. Abida P.S. . (Major Advisor) Associate Professor Centre for Plant B iotechnology and Molecular Biology College of Horticulture Vellanikkara, Thrissur Dr. P. A. Valsala Dr. P. A. Nazeem Professor and Head Professor and Coordinator (DIC) Centre for Plant Biotechn ology and Molecular Biology Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology College of Horticulture College of Horticulture Vellanikkara, Thrissur Vellanikkara, Thrissur Dr. R. Beena Assistant Professor External Examiner Dept. of Plant Physiology Principal Scientist (Plant Physiology) College of Agriculture IISR, Kozhikode Vellayani, Thiruvunanthapuram ACKNOWLEDGEMENT And so comes the time to look back on the path traversed during the endeavor and to remember the faces and spirits behind the action with a sense of gratitude. Nothing of significance can be accomplished without the acts of assistance, words of encouragement and gestures of help from the other members of the society. First and foremost, I bow my head before my PARENTS and also my privilsge to talk about Anjali whose love, care and support enabled me to successfully complete the thesis work . It is with immense pleasure I avail this opportunity to express my deep sense of whole hearted gratitude and indebtedness to my major advisor Dr. Abida P.S. Associate Professor, Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, for her expert advice, inspiring guidance, valuable suggestions, constructive criticisms, motherly approach, constant encouragement, affectionate advice and above all, the extreme patience, understanding and wholehearted co-operation rendered throughout the course of my study. I really consider it my greatest fortune in having her guidance for my research work and my obligation to her lasts forever. I consider it as my privilege to express my heartfelt gratitude to Dr. P. A. Valsala, Professor and Head, Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology for her constant support, valuable suggestions, cooperation throughout the research programme and critical scrutiny of the manuscript. I sincerely thank Dr. P.A. Nazeem, Professor and coordinator (DIC), Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara for her expert advice, constant inspiration, precious suggestions, generous support and constructive criticism during my entire study which helped in successful completion of this work. I am delighted to place on record my profound sense of gratitude to Dr.R. Beena, Assistant Professor, RARS, Pattambi member of my Advisory Committee for her support, critical comments and valuable advice. My heartfelt thanks to my beloved teachers Dr. Deepu Mathew, Dr. M.R.Shailaja and Dr. Rosemarry for their encouragement, valuable help and advice rendered during the course of my study. I express my gratitude to Dr. S. Krishnan, Associate Professor and Head, Dept. of Agricultural Statistics, College of Horticulture, for his valuable assistance, immense help and guidance during the statistical analysis of the data. I also express my thanks to Dr. A T Francis, Dr. George Thomas and Dr. Jiju P Alex for teaching regarding thesis writing in their course and also helped a lot while writing my thesis by give suggestions. More over my special thanks to Dr. A T Francis for providing such a good facilities in Library and easy access too journals for my thesis references I express my sincere thanks to my classmates, Donzo, Ramesh, Nabarun Roy, Manikesh, Deepthi, and also my roommate cum classmate Dolagobinda for their affection and kind help offered during my thesis work. I am happy to place on record my sincere thanks to my seniors especially , Ramana Kumar, Amrnath Reddy, Vemaraju, Ramnaryana, Vaishali, Vilas, Hari Kumar, Yeshwanth, Audumbar, Datta, Meena, Sachin and Rohini juniors Mangalam, Naresh, Reddy, Manjesh, Darshan, Sandesh and Saurav for their immense help and support during the course of this study. I have great pleasure to express whole hearted thanks to my classamates Ali, Mani kalyan, Mallikarjun, Arjun, Suganya, and Neethu for their suggestions and support. I am extremely thankful to the workers, Balan chaetan, Muttun chaetan and many chechis attached to the Department of Plant Biotechnology for their co-operation and support during the conduct of the field experiment. I also wish to express my sincere and heartful thanks to all the non-teaching staff members, research associates and workers of CPBMB, Mrs. Shylaja, Mrs. Simi, Mrs. Shilpa, Ms.Kavya, Sandhya, Remia, Sajani, Sikta, Shruthi and Bincy I wholeheartedly thank my loving friends Naveen Kumar, and Ajit Kumar for their encouragement and moral support which helped me get over all odds and tedious circumstances. I am in dearth of words to express my soulful gratitude to my loving Father and Mother for their blessings, selfless support, boundless patience, prayers, inspiration, sacrifices, unflagging interest and eternal love which sustains peace in my life. I am forever indebted to my loving sisters, brothers and my entire family without whose blessings and support I would not have completed this work. I appreciate and acknowledge the facilities provided at CPBMB and Bioinformatics Centre for the successful completion of my research work. I also acknowledge all the other facilities, research grant and Junior Research Fellowship provided by the Department of Biotechnology, Kerala Agricultural University for financial and technical support for persuasion of my study and research work. It would be impossible to list out all those who have helped me in one way or another in the successful completion of this work. I once again express my heartfelt thanks to all those who helped me in completing this venture on time. Prathi Naresh Babu TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Title Page No. 1 INTRODUCTION 1-3 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4-34 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS 35-47 4 RESULTS 48-65 5 DISCUSSION 66-75 6 SUMMARY 76-77 7 REFERENCES i-xxv 8 ANNEXURES 9 ABSTRACT LIST OF TABLES Table Title Page No. No. 1 Leaf rolling scores description 27 2 Drought score at vegetative stage 27 3 Plant material selected for the study 36-37 51 No. of days taken by genotypes for reaching IRRI leaf rolling 4 score 7.0 5 Root length of the genotypes in different treatments 52 6 53 The root volume of genotypes in different treatments 7 54 Root dry wt. of genotypes in different treatments 8 55 Root to shoot ratio of genotypes in different treatments 9 58 Stomatal conductance of rice genotypes in different treatments 10 59 Transpiration rate of rice genotypes in different treatments 11 Electrical Conductivity of rice genotypes in different 60 treatments 12 Membrane stability Index of rice genotypes in different 61 treatments