LOAN TRANSLATION OF SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE’S THE MEMOIRS OF SHERLOCK HOLMES INTO DAISY DIANA’S MEMOAR SHERLOCK HOLMES A THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Attainment of a Sarjana Sastra Degree in English Language and Literature By Andy Setyanta 07211141017 ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE STUDY PROGRAM ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT LANGUAGES AND ARTS FACULTY YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY 2013 i ii iii iv MOTTO AND DEDICATIONS MOTTO “Ora ana apa-apa, kejaba sing kandha” DEDICATIONS Alhamdulillahirobbil’alaamiin I dedicate this thesis to: My beloved parents, Bapak Suhardi and Ibu Rukmiyati. My beloved grandparents, Kyai Sarbani Hadiprajitna and Nyai Ponijem Hadiprajitna My beloved sisters and brothers; Mbak Rukmini Dessy Susilowati and her husband Mas Ridwan Rulianto, Mas Agus Santoso and his wife Mbak Yulia Puspitasari and Dek Denny Sulistiyanta. My handsome nephews, Ahmad Zahier and Mustajab Abdillah. Thanks for all supports you give to me, Al Fatihah! {} v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Foremost, I would like to express my highest gratitude and appreciation to the first consultant, Bapak Asruddin B. Tou, Ph.D. who has given his advice, supervision, direction, and especially knowledge during my thesis writing. I would also like to express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to Bapak Yosa A. Alzuhdy, M. Hum, as my second consultant, who has given guidance and correction on my thesis, and especially for accepting my sudden request to be my second consultant. I would also like to dedicate my greatest thankfulness to my beloved parents, Bapak Suhardi and Ibu Rukmiyati for the countless love and prayers given to me. I am sorry for the many semesters I took to finish my study. Many thanks go to my beloved sisters, brothers, and my relatives who always support me when I am down, for all the supports and prayers they have given to me. Gusti Allah bless us all! I realize that this thesis is far from being perfect. However, there is a big hope that the thesis will give significant contribution to the translation study and to the people studying it. Finally, I welcome any criticism and suggestion for the betterment of this thesis. Andy Setyanta vi TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE ………………………………………………………………………. i APPROVAL SHEET ………………………………………………………. ii RATIFICATION SHEET ………………………………………………….. iii PERNYATAAN .…………………………………………………………… iv MOTTO .....………………………………………………………………….. v DEDICATIONS ……………………………………………………...…….. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ………………………………………….…….… vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………..…. vii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1 A. Background of Research .......................................................................... 1 B. Research Focus .......................................................................................... 3 C. Research Objectives .................................................................................. 6 D. Research Significance ............................................................................... 7 1. Theoretical Significance ....................................................................... 7 2. Practical Significance ........................................................................... 7 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................... 9 A. Theoretical Description ............................................................................... 9 1. Translation ........................................................................................... 9 a. Types of Translation ........................................................................ 10 b. Principles of Translation .................................................................. 12 c. Process of Translation ...................................................................... 13 d. Focuses of Translation ..................................................................... 14 2. Types of Direct Translation ............................................................... 16 a. Literal Translation .......................................................................... 17 b. Calque ............................................................................................. 18 c. Loan Translation .............................................................................. 18 3. Notions of Loan Translation ................................................................ 19 4. Factors of Loan Translation ................................................................ 20 a. Structural Factors ............................................................................ 21 b. Non-Structural Factors ..................................................................... 23 5. Cultural Aspects in Translation............................................................. 24 6. Proper Names ....................................................................................... 26 vii 7. The Standard Integration of Absorption Elements in Indonesia .......... 27 8. Equivalence Process of Word Form ..................................................... 29 a. Direct Translation .............................................................................. 29 b. Translation By Plan ........................................................................... 30 9. Eqiuvalence of Word Form in Absorption ............................................ 30 a. Term Absorptions .............................................................................. 31 b. Absorbing Approach ......................................................................... 31 c. Affix Abrosptions and Foreign Bounds Form .................................. 32 10. About Authors and Novels .................................................................. 32 11. Previous Research Study ..................................................................... 33 B. Theoritical Framework and Analytical Construct....................................... 34 1. Theoritical Framework ........................................................................ 34 2. Analytical Construct ........................................................................... 37 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ......................................................... 40 A. Research Approach..................................................................................... 40 B. Data and Data Sources .............................................................................. 41 C. Instruments of The Research ...................................................................... 42 D. Technique for Data Collection and Data Analysis .................................... 42 E. Data Trustworthiness ................................................................................. 44 CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.............................................. 45 A. Description of Loan Translation ................................................................. 45 B. Discussion ................................................................................................... 46 1. Pure Loan Translation ........................................................................... 47 2. Naturalized Loan Translation ............................................................... 49 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS ................................. 61 A. Conclusion .................................................................................................. 61 B. Suggestion .................................................................................................. 63 REFERENCES ................................................................................................ 65 APPENDIX ..................................................................................................... 68 viii LIST OF TABLES Table 1 : Seven Procedures of Translation Table 2 : Examples of Pure Loan Translation and Naturalize Loan Translation from The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes into Memoar Sherlock Holmes. Table 3 : The Percentage of Pure Loan Translation and Naturalized Loan Translation LIST OF DATA SAMPLES Sample 1 : Pure Loan Translation by Absorbing Consonant Sample 2.1 : Naturalized Loan Translation by Absorbing Consonant Sample 2.2 : Naturalized Loan Translation by Absorbing Consonant Sample 2.3 : Naturalized Loan Translation by Absorbing Consonant Sample 2.4 : Naturalized Loan Translation by Absorbing Consonant Sample 2.5 : Naturalized Loan Translation by Absorbing Suffix Sample 2.6 : Naturalized Loan Translation by Absorbing Suffix Sample 2.7 : Naturalized Loan Translation by Absorbing Vowels LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 : Processes of Translation Figure 2 : Analytical Construct ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS SL : Source Language RL : Receptor Language EYD : The Improved of General Guidance for Indonesian Spelling System KBBI : The Great Dictionary of Bahasa Indonesia x