https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20120014572 2018-11-16T17:42:04+00:00Z Presentation Overview  NASA & Human Systems Integration (HSI)  HSI Domain Standards & Requirements – NASA-STD-3001: Space Flight Human Systems Standards (2 vols) – Human Integration Design Handbook – Constellation Program HSI Requirements  HSI Processes – Commercial HSI Processes document – HSI Processes document  HSI Insertion in Systems Engineering  HSI Metrics NDIA, 9/11/12 2 NASA & HSI There is currently no formal Agency-wide recognition of HSI but there’s awareness and discussion • I.e., there’s no mandate equivalent to DoD Instruction 5000.02 • This presentation relates the current state of DoD-like HSI at NASA At the Johnson Space Center (JSC) and other NASA Centers, there are Human advocates for DoD-like HSI models for application to space missions 0011010111010 • HSI domains exist: Environmental Factors, Software Hardware Human Factors, Occupational Health, Training, Habitability, Countermeasures, Survivability – Manpower & Personnel are not currently formalized the same as the others NDIA, 9/11/12 3 NASA Human Spaceflight Programs Space International Apollo Constellation Shuttle Space Station (1963-1972) (1981-2011) (1998-present) (2005-2010) NDIA, 9/11/12 4 Apollo 1963-1972 The Apollo Program focused on successful completion of a mission that utilized innovative technologies • Clearly, the human was an important element of the Program There was significant human/system interaction with the crew in all elements of design • Significant human-in-the-loop testing and evaluation of systems, but standards had not yet evolved NDIA, 9/11/12 5 Space Shuttle 1981-2011 By the time of the Space Shuttle Program, vehicle design was handled more like today’s acquisition contracts and less as an R&D endeavor • Prime Contractor held principal responsibility for design & integration Human System lessons began to be captured in design standards that evolved from Apollo, Gemini, Mercury NDIA, 9/11/12 6 NASA Standards for HSI Domain Knowledge Human/system experience for development of vehicles is captured in NASA-STD-3001, “Space Flight Human System Standards” • Volume 1: Crew Health • Volume 2: Human Factors, Habitability & Environmental Health Evolved from… Supported by… NASA-STD-3000, Man NASA Space Flight Human NASA Human System Standard, Volume 1 Systems Integration Integration Design Crew Health NASA Space Flight Human Handbook (2010) Standards (1985) System Standard, Volume 2 • Initiated between the Office of the Chief Health Human Factors,  • 1136 pages of information and Medical Officer Habitability &  • NASA’s databank of HSI Shuttle and Station Environmental Health domain lessons learned programs Office of the Chief Health  and Medical Officer Basic NASA Human  Integration November 2006 Design Handbook  National Aeronautics and Office of the Chief Health  Space Administration and Medical Officer January 10, 2011 National Aeronautics and January 27, 2010 Space Administration National Aeronautics and Space Administration NDIA, 9/11/12 7 Standards-to-Requirements Each new human spaceflight program turns NASA-STD-3001 into their own program-specific set of requirements • Written into development contracts & sub-contracts as “SHALLS” • This “Standards-to-Requirements” process was followed for the ISSP & CxP International Space SSP 50005 Man‐System  This process is Station: Integration  Standards required by NASA ISSP Flight  (1998-present) Crew  Procedural Integration  Requirements Requirements: National Aeronautics and Space Administration • NPR 8705.2, Human- Rating Requirements for Constellation: NASA Space Flight  NASA Human  Space Systems CxP 70024 Human Integration (2005-2010) VSoylsutmeme  S1tandNHauArmSdA,a  nSpace Flight  HanDdebsoiognk  • NPR 7120.11, Health & Crew System Standard,  Medical Technical Health Volume 2 CxP Human‐ Human Factors,  Authority Implementation System Habitability &  Environmental  Integration  Health National Aeronautics and Requirements National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration National Aeronautics and Space Administration Case Study: HSI domain standards & requirements documents are updated and ready for NASA’s next major mission NDIA, 9/11/12 8 Standards-to-Requirements Examples Example Human Factors Standard (from NASA-STD-3001):  10.3.2.6 Display Navigation [V2 10043] Display navigation shall allow the crew to move within and among displays without loss of situational awareness in a timely manner Example Human Factors Requirement (from Constellation):  3.6.4.2.1 Location within the Display Hierarchy Displays shall provide the crew with the location of the current display within the display hierarchy Example Habitability Requirement (from Constellation):  3.5.7.3 Trash Management Contamination Control
 The trash management system shall prevent the release of trash into the habitable environment Example Environmental Requirement (from Constellation):  3.2.4.1.1 Crew Exposure to Rate of Change of Acceleration
 The system shall prevent the crew from being exposed to a rate of change of acceleration of more than 500 g/s during any sustained acceleration event NDIA, 9/11/12 9 HSI Processes Current program emphasis on requirements hasn’t been very accepting of including processes in lieu of requirements • But often there’s no simple “Shall” answer to complex design issues Case Study: For the current Commercial Crew Program (CCP) the first HSI Processes document was generated and is in process of becoming a generic “HSIP” applicable to all future programs Example Processes: • Task Analyses • Workload Evaluation • Human Error Analyses COMMERCIAL HUMAN SYSTEMS  HUMAN SYSTEMS  INTEGRATION  • Design for Human Physical Characteristics, INTEGRATION  PROCESSES Capabilities, and Population PROCESSES (HSIP) Variation (CHSIP) • Acoustic Noise Control • Handling Qualities Evaluation 2011 2012 • Crew Survivability Assessment • etc. NDIA, 9/11/12 10