HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION SYMPOSIUM IFIP – The International Federation for Information Processing IFIP was founded in 1960 under the auspices of UNESCO, following the First World Computer Congress held in Paris the previous year. An umbrella organization for societies working in information processing, IFIP's aim is two-fold: to support information processing within its member countries and to encourage technology transfer to developing nations. As its mission statement clearly states, IFIP's mission is to be the leading, truly international, apolitical organization which encourages and assists in the development, exploitation and application of information technology for the benefit of all people. IFIP is a non-profitmaking organization, run almost solely by 2500 volunteers. It operates through a number of technical committees, which organize events and publications. IFIP's events range from an international congress to local seminars, but the most important are: • The IFIP World Computer Congress, held every second year; • Open conferences; • Working conferences. The flagship event is the IFIP World Computer Congress, at which both invited and contributed papers are presented. Contributed papers are rigorously refereed and the rejection rate is high. As with the Congress, participation in the open conferences is open to all and papers may be invited or submitted. Again, submitted papers are stringently refereed. The working conferences are structured differently. They are usually run by a working group and attendance is small and by invitation only. Their purpose is to create an atmosphere conducive to innovation and development. Refereeing is less rigorous and papers are subjected to extensive group discussion. Publications arising from IFIP events vary. The papers presented at the IFIP World Computer Congress and at open conferences are published as conference proceedings, while the results of the working conferences are often published as collections of selected and edited papers. Any national society whose primary activity is in information may apply to become a full member of IFIP, although full membership is restricted to one society per country. Full members are entitled to vote at the annual General Assembly, National societies preferring a less committed involvement may apply for associate or corresponding membership. Associate members enjoy the same benefits as full members, but without voting rights. Corresponding members are not represented in IFIP bodies. Affiliated membership is open to non-national societies, and individual and honorary membership schemes are also offered. HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION SYMPOSIUM IFIP 20th World Computer Congress, Proceedings of the 1st TC 13 Human-Computer Interaction Symposium (HCIS 2008), September 7-10, 2008, Milano, Italy Edited by Peter Forbrig University of Rostock Germany Fabio Paternòoò ISTI-CNR Italy Annelise Mark Pejtersen Center of Cognitive Systems Engineering Denmark 123 Editors Peter Forbrig Fabio Paternò University of Rostock ISTI-CNR, Pisa Germany Italy Annelise Mark Pejtersen Risoe National Laboratory Roskilde, Denmark p. cm. (IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, a Springer Series in Computer Science) ISSN: 1571-5736 / 1861-2288 (Internet) ISBN: 978-0-387-09677-3 e-ISBN: 978-0-387-09678-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008929509 Copyright  2008 by International Federation for Information Processing. All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper springer.com IFIP 2008 World Computer Congress (WCC’08) Message from the Chairs Every two years, the International Federation for Information Processing hosts a major event which showcases the scientific endeavours of its over one hundred Technical Committees and Working Groups. 2008 sees the 20th World Computer Congress (WCC 2008) take place for the first time in Italy, in Milan from 7-10 September 2008, at the MIC - Milano Convention Centre. The Congress is hosted by the Italian Computer Society, AICA, under the chairmanship of Giulio Occhini. The Congress runs as a federation of co-located conferences offered by the different IFIP bodies, under the chairmanship of the scientific chair, Judith Bishop. For this Congress, we have a larger than usual number of thirteen conferences, ranging from Theoretical Computer Science, to Open Source Systems, to Entertainment Computing. Some of these are established conferences that run each year and some represent new, breaking areas of computing. Each conference had a call for papers, an International Programme Committee of experts and a thorough peer reviewed process. The Congress received 661 papers for the thirteen conferences, and selected 375 from those representing an acceptance rate of 56% (averaged over all conferences). An innovative feature of WCC 2008 is the setting aside of two hours each day for cross-sessions relating to the integration of business and research, featuring the use of IT in Italian industry, sport, fashion and so on. This part is organized by Ivo De Lotto. The Congress will be opened by representatives from government bodies and Societies associated with IT in Italy. This volume is one of fourteen volumes associated with the scientific conferences and the industry sessions. Each covers a specific topic and separately or together they form a valuable record of the state of computing research in the world in 2008. Each volume was prepared for publication in the Springer IFIP Series by the conference’s volume editors. The overall Chair for all the volumes published for the Congress is John Impagliazzo. For full details on the Congress, refer to the webpage http://www.wcc2008.org. Judith Bishop, South Africa, Co-Chair, International Program Committee Ivo De Lotto, Italy, Co-Chair, International Program Committee Giulio Occhini, Italy, Chair, Organizing Committee John Impagliazzo, United States, Publications Chair WCC 2008 Scientific Conferences TC12 AI Artificial Intelligence 2008 TC10 BICC Biologically Inspired Cooperative Computing WG 5.4 CAI Computer-Aided Innovation (Topical Session) WG 10.2 DIPES Distributed and Parallel Embedded Systems TC14 ECS Entertainment Computing Symposium TC3 ED_L2L Learning to Live in the Knowledge Society WG 9.7 HCE3 History of Computing and Education 3 TC3 TC13 HCI Human Computer Interaction TC8 ISREP Information Systems Research, Education and Practice WG 12.6 KMIA Knowledge Management in Action TC2 OSS Open Source Systems WG 2.13 TC11 IFIP SEC Information Security Conference TC1 TCS Theoretical Computer Science IFIP • is the leading multinational, apolitical organization in Information and Communications Technologies and Sciences • is recognized by United Nations and other world bodies • represents IT Societies from 56 countries or regions, covering all 5 continents with a total membership of over half a million • links more than 3500 scientists from Academia and Industry, organized in more than 101 Working Groups reporting to 13 Technical Committees • sponsors 100 conferences yearly providing unparalleled coverage from theoretical informatics to the relationship between informatics and society including hardware and software technologies, and networked information systems Details of the IFIP Technical Committees and Working Groups can be found on the website at http://www.ifip.org. Contents Preface ................................................................................................................. xi HCIS 2008 Conference Organization ............................................................... xiii Invited Talk Interacting with Visual Interfaces on Mobile Devices...................................... 1 LUCA CHITTARO Task models and interaction Identification Criteria in Task Modeling ......................................................... 7 JOSEFINA GUERRERO GARCÍA, JEAN VANDERDONCKT, CHRISTOPHE LEMAIGRE HCI-Task Models and Smart Environments ................................................. 21 MAIK WURDEL, STEFAN PROPP, PETER FORBRIG Themes in Human Work Interaction Design ................................................. 33 RIKKE ORNGREEN, ANNELISE MARK PEJTERSEN, TORKIL CLEMMENSEN Evaluating User Experience in Technology Pilots ......................................... 47 MINNA ISOMURSU viii Contents Elicitation and Evaluation Interface Model Elicitation from Textual Scenarios...................................... 53 CHRISTOPHE LEMAIGRE, JOSEFINA GUERRERO GARCÍA, JEAN VANDERDONCKT Virtual Fixtures for Secondary Tasks............................................................. 67 GIANVITO LEFEMINE, GUIDO PEDRINI, CRISTIAN SECCHI, FRANCESCO TESAURI, STEFANO MARZANI How ‘learnable’ are CASE tools in diverse user communities?.................... 83 BRENDA SCHOLTZ, JANET WESSON A Prospect of Websites Evaluation Tools Based on Event Logs ................... 99 VAGNER FIGUERÊDO DE SANTANA, M. CECILIA C. BARANAUSKAS Studies and Experiments Habbo Hotel – Academic Studies in Mixed Feelings.................................... 105 RAIJA HALONEN, EEVA LEINONEN Improving Accessibility to Governmental Forms......................................... 119 NORBERT KUHN, STEFAN RICHTER, MICHAEL SCHMIDT, ANDREAS TRUAR Communicability in multicultural contexts: A study with the International Children’s Digital Library....................................... 129 CLARISSE SIECKENIUS DE SOUZA, ROBIN FRED LAFFON, CARLA FARIA LEITÃO Facing the digital divide in a participatory way – an exploratory study.... 143 ELAINE C. S. HAYASHI, M. CECÍLIA C. BARANAUSKAS User Interface Input by Device Movement ................................................... 155 RYOSUKE KOKAJI, TAKAKO NONAKA, TOMOHIRO HASE Models, Learning and Solicitation An End User Development Model to Augment Usability of Rule Association Mining Systems............................................................................ 161 ELISA ALBERGARIA, FERNANDO MOURÃO, RAQUEL PRATES, WAGNER MEIRA JR. C ontents ix Investigating Entertainment and Learning in a Multi-User 3D Virtual Environment............................................................................................ 175 NICOLETTA DI BLAS, CATERINA POGGI Openphone User Engagement and Requirements Solicitation in Low Literacy Users ..................................................................................... 189 TEMBALETHU JAMA NDWE, ETIENNE BARNARD, MQHELE DLODLO, DANIEL MASHAO, CHRISTIAAN KUUN, ADITI SHARMA Complex and Dynamic Data Representation by Sonification.. ..................... 195 MAHER CHEMSEDDINE, MONIQUE NOIRHOMME-FRAITURE Collaboration and Visualization Collaborative Knowledge Building for Decision-Support System Development....................................................................................... 201 HELENA LINDGREN Multitouch Sensing for Collaborative Interactive Walls ............................. 207 ALESSANDRO SORO, GAVINO PADDEU, MIRKO LUCA LOBINA Visualization of Personalized Faceted Browsing ...........................................213 MICHAL TVAROŽEK, MÁRIA BIELIKOVÁ Preface The IFIP World Computer Congress (WCC) is one of the most important conferences in the area of computer science and a number of related Human and Social Science disciplines at the worldwide level and it has a federated structure, which takes into account the rapidly growing and expanding interests in this area. Human-Computer Interaction is now a mature and still dynamically evolving part of this area, which is represented in IFIP by the Technical Committee 13 on HCI. We are convinced that in this edition of WCC, which takes place for the first time in Italy, it will be interesting and useful to have a Symposium on Human- Computer Interaction in order to present and discuss a number of contributions in this field. There has been increasing awareness among designers of interactive systems of the importance of designing for usability, but we are still far from having products that are really usable, and usability can mean different things depending on the application domain. We are all aware that too many users of current technology feel often frustrated because computer systems are not compatible with their abilities and needs with existing work practices. As designers of tomorrow technology, we have the responsibility of creating computer artefacts that would permit better user experience with the various computing devices, so that users may enjoy more satisfying experiences with information and communications technologies. This has raised new research areas, such as ambient intelligence, natural interaction, end user development, work analysis and cultural and social interaction.