HTML & CSS Design and Build Websites Jon DuCkeTT JoHn WiLey & SonS, inC. HTML & CSS DESIGN AND BUILD WEBSITES The text stock is SFI certified Published by ©2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN: 978-1-118-00818-8 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Manufactured in the United States of America Indianapolis, IN 46256 Published simultaneously in Canada www.wiley.com 15 14 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748- 6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifi cally disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fi tness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. The fact that an organization or Web site is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. For general information on our other products and services please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (877) 762-2974, outside the United States at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Library of Congress Control Number: 2011932082 Trademarks: Wiley and the Wiley logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affi liates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. CreDiTS For John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ExECUTIvE EDIToR AUTHoR PHoTogRAPHy Carol Long Jon Duckett John Stewardson johnstewardson.com MARkETINg MANAgER CovER DESIgNER Ashley Zurcher Emme Stone ADDITIoNAL PHoTogRAPHy Hesperian PRoDUCTIoN MANAgER DESIgN AND LAyoUT Joe Robertson Tim Tate Jon Duckett flickr.com/photos/mindfire Emme Stone Jules Clancy PRoDUCTIoN EDIToR thestonesoup.com Daniel Scribner TECHNICAL EDIToR kylie gusset Chris Mills gusset.net vICE PRESIDENT AND Michael Stillwell ExECUTIvE gRoUP PUBLISHER TECHNICAL REvIEWERS beebo.org Richard Swadley Andy Stone Angela Shimell vICE PRESIDENT AND Donna Watson ExECUTIvE PUBLISHER Martin Callanan Barry Pruett Rob Jacoby Tony Berry ASSoCIATE PUBLISHER Jim Minatel PRoDUCTIoN CooRDINAToR, CovER katie Crocker Try out and download all of the code for this book online at: http://www.htmlandcssbook.com/code/ ConTenTS Introduction 2 Chapter 1: Structure 12 Chapter 2: Text 40 Chapter 3: Lists 62 Chapter 4: Links 74 Chapter 5: Images 94 Chapter 6: Tables 126 Chapter 7: Forms 144 Chapter 8: Extra Markup 176 Chapter 9: Flash, Video & Audio 200 Chapter 10: Introducing CSS 226 Chapter 11: Color 246 Chapter 12: Text 264 Chapter 13: Boxes 300 Chapter 14: Lists, Tables & Forms 330 Chapter 15: Layout 358 Chapter 16: Images 406 Chapter 17: HTML5 Layout 428 Chapter 18: Process & Design 452 Chapter 19: Practical Information 476 Index 493 IntroductIon ▶ About this book ▶ How the web works ▶ Learning from other pages Firstly, thank you for picking up this book. It has been written with two very different types of people in mind: ● Those who want to learn how to design and build websites from scratch ● Anyone who has a website (that may be built using a content management system, blogging software, or an e-commerce platform) and wants more control over the appearance of their pages The only things you need in order to use this book are a computer with a web browser and a text editor (such as Notepad, which comes with Windows, or TextEdit, which comes with Macs). 3 INTRODUCTION