TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine! Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Begin8/ HTML: A Beginner’s Guide, Second Edition / Willard / 222644-7 / Front Matter Composite Default screen Blind FolioFM:i HTML A Beginner’s Guide Second Edition Wendy Willard McGraw-Hill/Osborne New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine! P:\010Comp\Begin8\644-7\FM.vp Monday, September 23, 2002 1:37:55 PM ebook_copyright 7.5x9.qxd 7/8/03 8:47 AM Page 1 Copyright ©2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.]. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distrib- uted in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-223042-8 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-222644-7 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in cor- porate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw- hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMSOFUSE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS”. McGRAW-HILLAND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WAR- RANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACYOR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANYINFORMATION THATCAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUTNOTLIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITYOR FITNESS FOR APAR- TICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any dam- ages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, con- sequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. DOI: 10.1036/0072230428 TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine! Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Begin8/ HTML: A Beginner’s Guide, Second Edition / Willard / 222644-7 / Front Matter Composite Default screen Blind FolioFM:iii To Corinna and Caeli——that you might remember your mom once knew some “cool stuff,” even when HTML becomes for you what 8-track tapes are to me. “Therefore do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about itself. Each day has enough trouble of its own.” —Matthew 6:34 TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine! P:\010Comp\Begin8\644-7\FM.vp Monday, September 23, 2002 1:37:55 PM Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Begin8/ HTML: A Beginner’s Guide, Second Edition / Willard / 222644-7 / Front Matter Composite Default screen Blind FolioFM:iv About the Author Wendy Willard offers design, illustration, marketing, and consulting services to businesses for both print and Web campaigns. She also teaches and writes on these topics, and is the author ofWeb Design: A Beginner’s Guideand Photoshop 7: Tips & Techniques(both published by McGraw-Hill/Osborne). She holds a degree in Illustration from Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California, where she first learned HTML in 1995. Wendy’s passions include all aspects of digital design, drawing,painting,andphotographingMaine,ChopPointSchool & Camp, and anything related to the Web. She lives and works in the midcoast area of Maine with her husband, Wyeth, and their two young daughters. TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine! P:\010Comp\Begin8\644-7\FM.vp Monday, September 23, 2002 1:37:55 PM Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Begin8/ HTML: A Beginner’s Guide, Second Edition / Willard / 222644-7 /1 Composite Default screen Blind FolioFM:v For more information about this title, click here. Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii PART I HTML Basics 1 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 CriticalSkill 1.1UnderstandtheInternetasaMediumforDisseminatingInformation . . . 4 The Anatomy of a Web Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Web Browsers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Looking to the Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Critical Skill 1.2Plan for the Audience, Goals, Structure, Content, and Navigation of Your Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Identify the Target Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Set Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Create the Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Organize Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Develop Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Critical Skill 1.3Identify the Different Types of HTML Editors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Text- or Code-based HTML Editors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 WYSIWYG HTML Editors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Which Is Best? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 v Copyright 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 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P:\010Comp\Begin8\644-7\FM.vp Monday, September 23, 2002 1:37:55 PM Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Begin8/ HTML: A Beginner’s Guide, Second Edition / Willard / 222644-7 / Front Matter Composite Default screen Blind FolioFM:vi vi HTML: A Beginner’s Guide Critical Skill 1.4Learn from the Pros Using theVIEW SOURCECommand of Popular Web Browsers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Project 1-1Develop a Web Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Module 1 Mastery Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2 Basic Page Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Critical Skill 2.1Create an HTML File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Naming Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Critical Skill 2.2Preview an HTML File in a Browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Critical Skill 2.3Describe and Apply the Basic HTML Document Format . . . . . . . . . 25 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Types of Tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Required Tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 The Three Flavors of XHTML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Capitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Quotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Nesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Spacing and Breaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Use Character Entities to Display Special Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Critical Skill 2.4Add Comments to an HTML File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Critical Skill 2.5Add Style Sheets to an HTML File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Define the Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Define the Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Create the Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Project 2-1Create the First Page of Your Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Module 2 Mastery Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3 Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Critical Skill 3.1Identify the Use of Hexadecimal Color in Web Development . . . . . 46 Color Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Web-safe Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Specify Document Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Project 3-1Change the Colors of Your Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Module 3 Mastery Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4 Working with Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Critical Skill 4.1Format and Align Paragraphs of Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Paragraph Breaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Line Breaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine! P:\010Comp\Begin8\644-7\FM.vp Monday, September 23, 2002 1:37:55 PM Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Begin8/ HTML: A Beginner’s Guide, Second Edition / Willard / 222644-7 / Front Matter Composite Default screen Blind FolioFM:vii Contents vii Preformat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Quotation Blocks and Text Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Horizontal Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Project 4-1Format Paragraphs and Page Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Extra Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Critical Skill 4.2Add Headings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Critical Skill 4.3Add Emphasis to Sections of Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Logical Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Physical Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Emphasis with Style Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Critical Skill 4.4Alter the Face, Size and Color of Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Format with HTML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Format with Style Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Project 4-2Add Styles to Your Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Module 4 Mastery Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 5 Working with Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Critical Skill 5.1Add Links to Other Web Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Absolute Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Relative Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Critical Skill 5.2AddLinkstoSectionsWithintheSamePage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Create an Anchor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Link to an Anchor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 CriticalSkill 5.3AddLinkstoE-mailAddresses,Newsgroups,andDownloadableFiles . . . 113 E-mail Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Newsgroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 FTP and Downloadable Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Project 5-1Add Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Project Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Change Link Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Default Link Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Critical Skill 5.4Customize Links by Setting the Title, Tab Order, Keyboard Shortcut, and Target Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Tab Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Keyboard Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 Target Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Project 5-2Customize Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Module 5 Mastery Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine! P:\010Comp\Begin8\644-7\FM.vp Monday, September 23, 2002 1:37:55 PM Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Begin8/ HTML: A Beginner’s Guide, Second Edition / Willard / 222644-7 / Front Matter Composite Default screen Blind FolioFM:viii viii HTML: A Beginner’s Guide 6 Working with Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Critical Skill 6.1Use Images as Elements in the Foreground of a Web page . . . . . . . . 134 Image File Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Using Existing Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Creating Your Own Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Project 6-1Add an Image to Your Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Critical Skill 6.2Specify the Height and Width of Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Critical Skill 6.3Provide Alternative Text and Titles for Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Critical Skill 6.4LinkImagestoOtherContentonaWebSite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Link the Entire Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Link Sections of an Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Use Borders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Critical Skill 6.5Align Images with Other Elements on the Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Ending Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Add Space Around Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Project 6-2Change Image Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Critical Skill 6.6Use Images as Elements in the Background of a Web Page . . . . . . . 164 Project 6-3Add a Background Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 Module 6 Mastery Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 7 Working with Multimedia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Critical Skill 7.1Understand How Plug-ins and ActiveX Controls Are Used with Web Browsers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Identify the Installed Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Recognize File Types, Extensions, and Appropriate Plug-ins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Critical Skill 7.2Link to Multimedia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 Critical Skill 7.3Embed Multimedia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 Using Embed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 Using Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 Use Embed and Object Together . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Java Applets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Project 7-1Embed Sound in a Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Extra Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Module 7 Mastery Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 8 Creating Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Critical Skill 8.1Use Ordered Lists in a Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine! P:\010Comp\Begin8\644-7\FM.vp Monday, September 23, 2002 1:37:55 PM Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Begin8/ HTML: A Beginner’s Guide, Second Edition / Willard / 222644-7 / Front Matter Composite Default screen Blind FolioFM:ix Contents ix Critical Skill 8.2Use Unordered Lists in a Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 Project 8-1Use Lists on Your Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Critical Skill 8.3Use Definition Lists in a Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Use Style Sheets to Format Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 Critical Skill 8.4Combine and Nest Two or More Types of Lists in a Web Page . . . . 211 Project 8-2Use Two Different Types of Lists Within Your Web Page . . . . . . . . . . 213 Module 8 Mastery Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 9 Using Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 Critical Skill 9.1Understand the Concept and Uses of Tables in Web Pages . . . . . . . 222 Critical Skill 9.2Create a Basic Table Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 Table Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 Cell Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Critical Skill 9.3Format Tables Within Web Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 Borders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 Cell Padding and Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 Width and Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 Background Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Captions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Project 9-1Create a Basic Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 Critical Skill 9.4Format Content Within Table Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Width and Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 Ask the Expert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Prohibit Line Breaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 Spanning Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 Spanning Rows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Project 9-2Format Cell Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 Additional Formatting Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 Grouping and Aligning Rows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 Group and Align Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 Critical Skill 9.5Use Seamless and Nested Tables for Page Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 Seamless Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 Nested Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 Project 9-3Using Seamless and Nested Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 Module 9 Mastery Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine! 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