Telopea Volume 21: 161-165 The Royal Publication date: 18 October 2018 Botanic Gardens Journal of Plant Systematics dx.doi.org/10.7751/telopea12784 & Domain Trust plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/Telopea • escholarship.usyd.edu.au/journals/index.php/TEL • ISSN 0312-9764 (Print) • ISSN 2200-4025 (Online) Hoya anulata (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): a new record for Maluku, Indonesia Wendy A. Mustaqim^ ^ Inggit P. Astuti^ and Sri Rahayu^ ^OMPT Canopy, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia and Graduate School-Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia ^Center for Plant Conservation, Bogor Botanical Garden, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jin. Ir. H. Juanda 13, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia ^author for correspondence: [email protected] Abstract Hoya anulata Schltr. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) is recorded for the first time from the Maluku Islands based on a specimen collected on Burn Island. A description of Maluku plants, along with notes on distribution, ecology, and a brief discussion are presented. The species is considered native to Burn Island. Keywords: epiphyte, Hoya anulata, Maluku, new record, taxonomy Introduction Hoya R.Br. is a diverse genus within the Apocynaceae {sensu APGIV 2016), with perhaps as many as 350-450 species (Lamb and Rodda 2016). Hoya is highly appreciated for its horticultural values (Rahayu et al. 2010; Lamb and Rodda 2016) and is also believed to have potential medicinal uses (Rahayu 2011; Silalahi et al. 2015). This genus is distributed from China, Southeast Asia through to Oceania (Li et al. 1995; Wanntorp et al. 2014), with highest diversity probably in the Indonesian Archipelago and surrounding areas (Kleijn and Donkelaar 2001). Early treatments of Indonesian Hoya began in the Dutch Era, by Blume (1826), Miquel (1856), Koorders (1898), Schlechter (1913,1916) and Backer and Bakhuizen van den Brink (1965). Since the 1990’s the Program of Eksplorasi Elora Nusantara has continued investigations of Hoya with the Bogor Botanic Gardens (Rahayu 1997). This has yielded several new records and extensions of range, reported from several localities such as from Central Kalimantan (Rahayu 2006), Gunung Cede Pangrango National Park, West Java (Rahayu 2012), Sumatra (Rahayu and Wanntorp 2012) and Belitung Island (Rahayu et al. 2018). The inventory provided new information including the number of species per location, new records and even new species. New records have been reported by Rahayu and Wanntorp (2012) who listed five species new for Sumatra, and two species as new records for Java (Rahayu 2012). After intensive study, several new species were then published from Indonesia, including Hoya rintzii Rodda, Simmonson & S.Rahayu from Sumatra and Kalimantan (Rodda et al. 2014), Hoya undulata S.Rahayu & Rodda from West Kalimantan (Rahayu et al. 2015), and Hoya narcissiflora S.Rahayu & Rodda also from West Kalimantan (Rahayu and Rodda 2017). The exploration of other locations in Indonesia continues to increase the number of new species and new © 2018 Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust 162 Telopea 21: 161-165, 2018 Mustaqim, Astuti and Rahayu records, and expeditions to the poorly documented eastern part of Indonesia such as Maluku Islands and Papua (Indonesian New Guinea) are very important. The most recent inventories of Hoya in Papuasia, focused on tropical Australia and Papua New Guinea, had been conducted by Forster and Fiddle (1992), Forster and Fiddle (1993), Forster et al (1995) and recently by Juhonewe and Rodda (2017) (only for Papua New Guinea) which included description of several new species. During an expedition to the southern part of Burn Island, Maluku, eastern Indonesia, in the year 2014, a specimen of the genus Hoya identified as Hoya anulata Schltr. was collected. This species was formerly reported for Madang in PNG (Schlechter 1905, 1913), Mount Carstensz, Western New Guinea by Moore (1916) (as Hoya schlechteriana), Madang Province, Papua New Guinea (as Hoya poolei) by White and Francis (1928), Western Province, Papua New Guinea (as Hoya pseudolittoralis) by Norman (1937) and lastly from Queensland, Australia (as Hoya alata) by Hill (1988). Forster and Fiddle (1992) updated the taxonomic concept of the species and revised the geographic distribution which was used by Albers and Meve (2002). No record of Hoya anulata from the Maluku Islands (Moluccas) has been published; as such our specimen from Burn Island is considered the first record from Maluku, and is presented here. Taxonomic Treatment Hoya anulata Schltr. in Schum. & Fauterb., iVucfifr. Fl Schutzgeb. Siidsee: 362 (1905). Type: Papua New Guinea (Kaiser-Wilhelmsland): Madang Province: Auf Baumen am oberen Nuru, auf de Wege vom Ramu zur Kuste, 4 Feb 1902, R. Schlechter 14185 (holotype: B 100277181 (Curators Herbarium B (2017a); photo!). =Hoya schlechteriana S.Moore, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 112 (1916). Type: Irian Jaya, Camps III-VI, 1912-13, Utakwa River to Mt Carstensz, CB Kloss s.n., s. dat. (holotype: BM). =Hoya poolei C.T.White & W.D.Francis, Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 39: 69, fig. 13 (1928). Type: Papua New Guinea: Madang Province: Joangey, South eastern end of Finnistere Range, Dec 1923, C.E. Lane-Poole 566 (holotype: BRI; isotype: K). =Hoya pseudolittoralis C.Norman, Brittonia 2: 328 (1937). Type: Papua New Guinea: Western Province: Dagwa, Oriomo River, Feb-Mar 1934, L.J.Brass 5990 (holotype: NY; isotypes: A, BM, BO, BRI) =Hoya alata K.D.Hill, Telopea 3: 249 (1988). Type: Queensland: Pascoe River rockpile, 16 Sep 1983, B. Wallace 83250 (holotype: NSW). Climbing epiphyte or epilithophyte, to c. 3 m in length, plants with abundant white milky sap. Stem to 4.5 mm across, glabrous, internodes up to 9 cm long. Feaves opposite, blades elliptic, 7.5-8.2 x 4.3-5 cm, base obtuse to cuneate, margin entire, revolute, apex obtusely acuminate, coriaceous, glabrous on both sides, nerves faintly raised when dry, 6 on each side of the midrib, the two basal-most borne from the base; petiole robust, 5-9 mm long, wrinkled, broad and shallowly channeled above. Infiorescence on c. 7 cm long peduncle, rachis branched, 1.4-1.8 cm long, 2.5 mm across, cylindric, bearing c. 14 flowers blooming at the same time, pedicels slender, glabrous, 8-17 mm long. Flowers: calyx segment short, c. 1 mm long, glabrous. Corolla rotate, c. 1.05 cm across, pure white, fleshy, glabrous outside, inside papillose-puberulent, 5-lobed, lobes triangular, 3.5 x 3 mm, acute, reflexed at the apex. Corona c. 7 mm across, purple, glabrous, outer lobes narrowly ovoid, c. 2.5 x 1 mm, apex of lower part shortly bilobed, apex of upper part blunt, inner lobes erect, acute, c. 0.75 mm long, anther appendages covering the stigma, corpuscle blackish brown, c. 0.75 mm long, pollinia oblong, oblique, winged on outer side, yellow, c. 0.3 x 0.1 mm, apex obliquely truncate. Ovary, style, and stigma together c. 1.3 mm high. Fruit and seeds not seen. Fig. 1. Distribution: New Guinea, Australia (Queensland) (Albers and Meve 2002, POWO 2018), and Maluku Islands (Burn). Distribution in Burn, Maluku Island is presented in Fig. 2. Habitat in Burn: Growing on tree trunks which grow on limestone rocks, at around 11m asl. Only one population recorded. Flowering: February, April and July. Vernacular name: Not recorded. Uses: Not recorded. Hoya anulata in Maluku Telopea 21: 161-165, 2018 163 Fig. 1. Inflorescence of Hoya anulata (Photo; W.A. Mustaqim). Fig. 2. Distribution of Hoya anulata in Maluku based on current record ((cid:9733)). 164 Telopea 21: 161-165, 2018 Mustaqim, Astuti and Rahayu Additional material examined: Indonesia: Maluku: Buru Island, Burn Selatan Regency, Namrole District, Labuang Village, on tree trunk on steep limestone rock, near sea level, 11m asl, (3°5ri4"S 126°44'7.7"E), 25 Apr 2014, WA Mustaqim & LHBaton 206 (BO!). Papua New Guinea: Morobe: Boana, on Big Nauclea, ?across river, 998 m, 15 Jul 1938, M.S. Clemens 8480 (B (B100271822 (Curators Herbarium B (2017b)); photo!). Notes: This species was discovered for the first time from ‘Kaiser-Wilhelmsland’, now part of Papua New Guinea, in the eastern part of the New Guinea island (Schlechter 1905). Eleven years later, specimens from the slope of Mount Jaya (Carstensz Pyramid) were described as Hoya schlechteriana S. Moore (Moore 1916). Prior to the discovery of the species in Buru, Maluku Island, the distribution in Mount Jaya area is the westernmost geographical range of the species. Additional names have been published since Moore (1916). Two additional names were proposed based on plants from Papua New Guinea. First, Hoya poolei (White and Francis 1928) was described based on specimens from Madang, in the northeastern part of New Guinea. Second, Hoya pseudolittoralis C. Norman was published based on specimens collected by Leonard J. Brass from Western Province (Norman 1937). Later, Hill (1988) published another name based on specimens collected in Queensland as Hoya alata Hill. Two years later, Forster and Fiddle (1990) concluded that Hoya alata is a synonym of Hoya pseudolittoralis. They also listed two records of Hoya from Australia as synonyms of Hoya pseudolittoralis, which are Hoya sp. (Jones and Gray 1977) and Hoya gracilipes auct. non. Schltr. (Jones and Gray 1988). Forster and Fiddle (1992) considered that all mentioned names above are the same species and this concept is followed in this account. The latest compilatory information of this species has been published by Albers and Meve (2002), where this species is known from New Guinea and Australia. It is not surprising to find this species in Buru Island since this island posses the same geological history with other localities in Australia and New Guinea based on a reconstruction of the geological history of the three regions by Hall (2002). Although we only record one locality in Buru Island, the only threat potential to the plant could be illegal collecting. Habitat destruction seems unlikely in the near future. No information available on the local name and uses of this species in Buru Island. However, this species has a great potential for ornamental purposes since it has been found in a low elevation. The suitability caused by the facts that most settlements in Buru Island are mostly in lowland. The species was found on a relatively inaccessible undisturbed slope of limestone bedrock. There are no records of this species in cultivation in surrounding settlements, and we did not observe it in cultivation during our trip to various localities in Buru Island. Therefore, we are confident our record is of an indigenous plant, and not the result of introduction or naturalization. Acknowledgements We thank Ekspedisi NKRI Maluku and Maluku Utara 2014 for support the plant collecting in Buru Island, especially for Mr. Dedy Dwi Cahyadi as our commander during the stay. 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