Review NAT. HIST. Burム.SIAM S町.54(2): 305-307，2 006 How to Plant aF orest: The Principles and Practice of Restoring Tropical Forests， compiled by Stephen Elliott，D avid Blakesley，J. F. Maxwell，S usan Doust & Sutthathom Suwannaratana. Forest Restoration Research Unit，B iology Dep紅佃lent，Science Faculty， vm Chiang Mai University，百lailand，2006. Pp. +2 00. ISBN 974・656-945・7. How to plant af orest is the product of 10 ye訂sresearch and practice by FORRU，出e Forest Restoration Research Unit at the Biology Department of Chiang Mai University. FORRUw槌 established泊 1994with the aim to generate knowledge and experience for restoring forests on degraded or deforested sites加 Northemτ'hailand.Forest restoration is not reforestation! While reforestation me sthe re-establishment of any kind of tree 佃 cover which may include even plantation forests，fo rest restoration is the re-establishment of the original forest ecosystem白紙 existedbefore deforestation. FORRU's achievement was to adapt the “台ameworkspecies method" for forest restoration，w hich had been pioneered in Queensland，Au stralia，to 出eforests and environmental conditions of Northem τ'hailand. Framework species are indigenous tree species白at釘ecapable of improving site conditions on deforested or degraded land，a nd of re-establishing natural mechanisms of forest regeneration. They are planted in order to initiate and accelerate the process of forest restoration. Essential steps in白eprocess of adapting血ismethod to the conditions of Northem百lailandwere to identi布suitableframework species，an d to develop methods for their propagation in nurseries and on restoration sites. Thisi nvolves more伽 juststudy同 the ecology and suitable horticultural trea加lentof candidate species，e ven though it is泊 these areas出atFORRU has carried out al ot of valuable research，e. g. by carrying out germ泊ation凶alsfor mo間出an400 native tr，回 species. For successfully restoring forests，it is also important to obtain the support of local communities or，e ven better，to get them involved in restoration activities. FORRU has developed as uccessful cooperation with the community of Ban Mae Sa Mai in Doi Suthep National Park. It carries out its forest restoration activities on land formerly used by the villagers for fanning，an d has established ac ommu凶tytree nursery in the village in 1997. Villagers participate actively in the restoration operations and also obtain benefits from ecotourism generated by the project. Within ar elatively short period，F ORRU has出us accumulated knowledge and working experience over aw ide range of areas，wh ich c be 釦 used for replication泊 otherplaces. How to Plant aF orest has been written to make FORRU's experience available to ab road audience，a nd to enco町'ageothers to engage泊 forest restoration activities. Versions of the book加百lai，Vietnamese，M andarin，K hmer and Laotian are under prep紅叫on. 官邸isthe latest and most comprehensive publication coming out ofFORRU activities. Previous publications include an umber of scientific papers，a nd av ery well-prepared and beautifully illustra飽dbooklet on the seeds and seedlings of 45 native 紅白 speciesuseful for forest restoration (Fo阻:STRESTURAT ION REsEARCH UNπ，2 000). How to Plant a Forest has been labeled by its compilers as am anual. It is，ho wever，a l ot more出anjust 白紙.Ap釘tfrom explain加g泊佃easyto follow step-by-step manner，w hat the framework species method is，a nd how it can be applied in Northem 百lailand，出，ebook also provides aw ealth of information and knowledge on the ecology of tropical forests in general，a nd of the forests in Northem Thailand in particul低Itis therefore valuable reading not only for the practitioner，bu t also for those with am ore general botanical，ec ological or regional interest. A lot of the knowledge presented in this book has been generated by the project 305 306 REVIEW itself over血e10 years of its activities. Another important S'O町'ceof knowledge is J. F. Maxwell' sp ublished database of plant species and forests habitats of Doi Suthep--Pui Nationa1 Park，w hich probably makes Doi Suthep血efloristica11y and ecologically best documented place in Thailand.τ'hed atabase has been especia11y va1uable加 providing infonnation on the phenology of tree species，e. g. the seasona1 cycles of fruiting and seed dispers ，1a which eof vita1 interest for forest restoration projects. 紅 Especially va1uable for those with an interest in the forests of No拙lemτ'hailandis Part 2，“Recognizing Forest Types"，w hich is based on af orest classification sys飽m developed by co-authors of this book. It provides guidance on how to identify each forest type by using structura1 indicators白紙canbe easi1yr ecognized by the lay-person，an d lists the botanica1 names of common species of the various vegetation layers. It a1so discusses the specia1 challenges of restoring the respective forest types. Equa11y important from出e ヘ perspective of af orest ecologist is P t3，“Understanding Forest Regeneration which 釘 contains al ot of va1uable information on the ecology of seasona11y dry位opica1forests，a lot of which，a g必n，has been generated “locally"，su ch as the insight血atonly 29 percent of the田 especies泊 DoiSuthep--PuiN ationa1 Park are wind-dispersed，w hich加dicates how important seed dispersa1 by anima1sis in佐opica1forests. Some views held by the authors on forest ecology，e. g. their decision to hold on t etime-honored cncept of a 'O白 'O stable climax that is in harmony with environmenta1 factors，ar e at odds with more recent views on the role of disturbances which，fo r instance，s問 自re部組泊herentpぽtof the ecology of certain forest types such as decidu'Ous dipterocarp forest.百leau也ors'bias against frre is understandable because of the focus of FORRU activities on evergreen forests，a nd because of their principa1 interest泊 gett泊gforests established in血efrrst place__，:血eymake it very clear白atfrreis曲egrea陥 th昭 ardand frre figh出gor prevention 白.emost important cost factor泊 forestrestoration projects! Long-term management of deciduous or partly deciduous forests may，h owever，c a11f or ar e血inkingof，a nd more research on，th e role of fire. More exclusively addressed to restoration practitioners eP ts5 to 8，w hich 紅 釘 meticulously explain every step in出eprocess of restoring af orest according to the framework species method:食omselecting and testing企'ameworkspecies，to grow也gtrees 也 an町seryand planting them out，組dfma11y to plann加gar estoration s回tegyand ge凶ngcommunities involved.百les回 ngthof these chapters lies in the fact白紙偽e recommendations and instructions have obviously been tried out over years and血usc紅ry 血efull weight 'Ofe xperience.百lebook closes with an annotated list of 41 forest佐田 sp iesnative to Northem Thai1and which have been proven by FORRU's research program 配 to act e百ectivelyas仕組neworkspecies. FORRU is加 excellentente.甲，rise，and How to Plant aF orest is av ery good book， which combines the qua1ities of as cience textbook with those of an instruction manua1. It is written in plain and accessible language，a nd is richly endowed with illustrations: photographs，wa ter colors，a nd especially the excellent line drawings of plants and plant parts by Surat Plukam. It is to be wished-in the language 'Off orest restorationー thatthe book may be dispersed rapidly and widely，an d白atits ideas and recommendations may get established effectively and reproduce sustainably. REVIEW 307 REFERENCES Fo隠 STRESTORATION RESEARCH UNπ. 2000. Tree Seeds and Seedlings for Restoring Forests in Northern Thailand. Biology Department. Science Faculty. Chiang Mai University. Th剖land. Dietrich Schmidt-Vogt Asian Institute of Technology School of Environment. Resources and Development P.O. Box 4K long Luang Pathum Th創1I12120 Printed by Amarin Printing and Publishing Public Company Limited 65/16 Chaiyaphruk Road, Taling Chan, Bangkok 10170 Tel. (662) 422-9000 Fax. (662) 433-2742,434-1385