Housing Displacement This book examines reasons, processes, and consequences of housing dis- placement in different geographical contexts. It explores displacement as a prime act of housing injustice – a central issue in urban injustices. With international case studies from the US, the UK, Australia, Can- ada, India, Spain, Denmark, Sweden, and Hungary, this book explores how housing displacement processes are more diverse and mutate into more new forms than have been acknowledged in the literature. It emphasizes a need to look beyond the existing rich gentrification literature to give primacy to re- searching processes of displacement to understand the socio-spatial change in the city. Although it is empirically and methodologically demanding for several reasons, studying displacement highlights gentrification’s unjust na- ture as well as the unjust housing policies in cities and neighborhoods that are simply not undergoing gentrification. The book also demonstrates how expulsion, though under-researched, has become a vital component of con- temporary advanced capitalism, and how a focus on gentrification has hin- dered a potential focus on its flipside of ‘displacement’, as well as the study of the occurrence of poor cleansing from a long-term historical perspective. This book offers interdisciplinary perspectives on housing displacement to academics and researchers in the fields of urban studies, housing, citizen- ship, and migration studies, interested in housing policies and governance practices at the urban scale. Guy Baeten is Professor of Urban Studies at Malmö University, Sweden, and is the Director of the newly established Institute for Urban Research. He is the principal investigator of the FORMAS Strong Research Environment CRUSH (Critical Urban Sustainability Hub). His research interests are in urban development and urban sustainability. Carina Listerborn is a Professor in urban planning at Malmö University, Sweden. She is part of the strong research environment CRUSH ( Critical Urban Sustainability Hub), and Vice-Chair of the Institute for Urban Research. Research interests are feminist urban theory, public spaces, neo- liberal planning, and housing inequalities. Maria Persdotter is a post-doctoral researcher in welfare law at Linköping University, Sweden. Her research interests span the fields of legal geogra- phy, critical race-, and migration studies. She holds a double PhD degree in Urban Studies from Malmö University and Roskilde University. Emil Pull is a PhD candidate in urban planning at Malmö University, Swe- den. He is part of the strong research environment CRUSH (Critical Urban Sustainability Hub). Research interests are critical urban geography, critical phenomenology, and housing inequalities. Routledge Critical Studies in Urbanism and the City This series offers a forum for cutting-edge and original research that ex- plores different aspects of the city. Titles within this series critically engage with, question and challenge contemporary theory and concepts to extend current debates and pave the way for new critical perspectives on the city. This series explores a range of social, political, economic, cultural and spa- tial concepts, offering innovative and vibrant contributions, international perspectives and interdisciplinary engagements with the city from across the social sciences and humanities. Urban Neighbourhood Formations Boundaries, Narrations, and Intimacies Edited by Hilal Alkan and Nazan Maksudyan Urban Ethics Conflicts Over the Good and Proper Life in Cities Edited by Moritz Ege and Johannes Moser Urban Art and the City Creating, Destroying, and Reclaiming the Sublime Edited by Argyro Loukaki Housing Displacement Conceptual and Methodological Issues Edited by Guy Baeten, Carina Listerborn, Maria Persdotter and Emil Pull Mega-Events, City and Power Nelma Gusmão de Oliveira For more information about this series, please visit www.routledge.com/ Routledge-Critical-Studies-in-Urbanism-and-the-City/book-series/RSCUC Housing Displacement Conceptual and Methodological Issues Edited by Guy Baeten, Carina Listerborn, Maria Persdotter and Emil Pull First published 2021 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2021 selection and editorial matter, Guy Baeten, Carina Listerborn, Maria Persdotter and Emil Pull; individual chapters, the contributors The rights of Guy Baeten, Carina Listerborn, Maria Persdotter and Emil Pull to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, have been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record has been requested for this book ISBN: 978-1-138-38555-9 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-429-42704-6 (ebk) Typeset in Times New Roman by codeMantra Contents List of figures ix List of tables xi List of contributors xiii Acknowledgements xix Introduction: housing displacement: conceptual and methodological issues 1 EMIL PULL, GUY BAETEN, CARINA LISTERBORN, AND MARIA PERSDOTTER 1 Council estate renewal in London: the challenges of evidencing its gentrification-induced displacement 18 PHIL HUBBARD AND LORETTA LEES 2 Overcoming the limits of theory: conceptual musings on displacement 33 IPSITA CHATTERJEE 3 A landscape of post-gentrification?: a renovation case in Sweden 53 EMIL PULL 4 Emotional displacement: misrecognition, symbolic violence, and loss of place 67 CHIARA VALLI 5 The biopolitics of displacement: Komfortfokozat, racism, and post-socialist gentrification in Budapest’s Eighth District 82 JONATHAN McCOMBS 6 Speculating upon San Francisco’s futurity: from Shell Company evictions to decolonial action 97 ERIN McELROY viii Contents 7 Keeping out the poor: banishment as an urban renewal strategy 113 GUY BAETEN AND CARINA LISTERBORN 8 Common resistance against state-led stigmatization and displacement 125 LOUISE FABIAN AND ANDERS LUND HANSEN 9 Housing displacement in Australian cities: a Brisbane case study 144 ANNE-SOPHIE IOTTI 10 Green gentrification and displacement in Barcelona 156 MELISSA GARCÍA-LAMARCA, JAMES CONNOLLY, AND ISABELLE ANGUELOVSKI 11 A dialogue on displacement as entwined colonialism 171 MATT HERN AND LISA K. BATES Conclusion: housing displacement: conceptual and methodological issues 186 MARIA PERSDOTTER, GUY BAETEN, CARINA LISTERBORN, AND EMIL PULL Index 199 Figures 1.1 Change in recorded % of council-rented housing, 2001–2011 25 1.2 Outflows of residents, 2010–2011 26 3.1 Map of Uppsala 54 3.2 Gentrification indicators Kvarngärdet 59 3.3 Gentrification indicators Gränby 60 3.4 Tenure split in Uppsala and studied tracts 61 5.1 Housing tenure distribution, 2014, or latest year available 84 8.1 Almen Modstand (Common Resistance) demonstration, Copenhagen, 29 September 2018. Text on sign: Housing is a human right 126 8.2 Gini coefficient in Denmark, 1983–2018 128 8.3 “The golden gate”. Reconstruction in Gellerupparken, 2019 133 8.4 Constructions in Gellerupparken, 2019, and the new road sign 134 8.5 Demolition Tours in Gellerup, 2018, with tour guide Aysha Amin from Andromeda 135 8.6 Zine made by Andromeda 136 10.1 In green, parks built during the period 1992–2004 within the Ciutat Vella, Sant Martí, Sant Andreu, Nou Barris, and Horta-Guinardó districts 162 10.2 Areas where strong, moderate, and no green gentrification seem to be occurring 165