(cid:8220)STANDARDIZATION OF GRAFTING TIME IN JAMUN (Syzygium cumini L.) UNDER NORTH MAHARASHTRA CONDITIONS(cid:8221) By Mr. KHETMALAS SURAJ SUDHAKAR (Reg. No. 011/321) A Thesis Submitted to the MAHATMA PHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH, RAHURI - 413 722, DIST.AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE (HORTICULTURE) in FRUIT SCIENCE HORTICULTURE SECTION, COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, DHULE-424004 MAHARASHTRA, INDIA 2013 (cid:8220)STANDARDIZATION OF GRAFTING TIME IN JAMUN (Syzygium cumini L.) UNDER NORTH MAHARASHTRA CONDITIONS(cid:8221) By Mr. SURAJ SUDHAKAR KHETMALAS (Reg. No. 011/321) A Thesis submitted to the MAHATMA PHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH, RAHURI - 413 722, DIST. AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE (HORTICULTURE) in FRUIT SCIENCE Approved by Dr. S. D. Patil (Chairman and Research Guide) Dr. B. B. Dhakare Dr. C. V. Pujari (Committee Member) (Committee Member) Dr. P. M. Chaudhari Dr. M. R. Patil (Committee Member) (Committee Member) HORTICULTURE SECTION, COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, DHULE-424004 MAHARASHTRA, INDIA 2013 ii CANDIDATE(cid:8217)S DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis or part thereof has not been submitted by me or other person to any other University or Institute for a Degree or Diploma Place: Dhule (S. S. Khetmalas) Dated: 31.05.2013 iii Dr. S. D. Patil Chairman and Research Guide Assistant Professor, Horticulture Section, College of Agriculture, Dhule-424004, Maharashtra, (INDIA). CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled, (cid:8220)STANDARDIZATION OF GRAFTING TIME IN JAMUN (Syzygium cumini L.) UNDER NORTH MAHARASHTRA CONDITIONS(cid:8221), submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Dist. Ahmednagar, Maharashtra State, India, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE (HORTICULTURE) in FRUIT SCIENCE embodies the results of piece of bona fide research work carried out by MR. KHETMALAS SURAJ SUDHAKAR, under my guidance and supervision and that no part of the thesis has been submitted to any other university for Degree or Diploma or publication in other form. The assistance and help received during the course of this investigation and sources of reference have been duly acknowledged. Place: Dhule (S. D. Patil) Date: 31.05.2013 Chairman and Research Guide iv Prof. P. K. Dharne Associate Dean, College of Agriculture, Dhule-424004, Maharashtra, (INDIA) CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled, (cid:8220)STANDARDIZATION OF GRAFTING TIME IN JAMUN (Syzygium cumini L.) UNDER NORTH MAHARASHTRA CONDITIONS(cid:8221), submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Dist. Ahmednagar, Maharashtra State, India, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE (HORTICULTURE) in FRUIT SCIENCE embodies the results of piece of bona fide research work carried out by MR. KHETMALAS SURAJ SUDHAKAR, under the guidance and supervision of Dr. S. D. Patil, Assistant Professor, Horticulture Section, College of Agriculture, Dhule, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra (India). It is sufficiently high standard to warrant its submission to the University for the Award of said degree. No part of the thesis has been submitted to any other University for degree or diploma. Place: Dhule (P. K. Dharne) Date: 31/05/2013. Associate Dean v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I consider myself to be extremely fortune for opportunity to work under the guidance of knowledge and cheerful person, Dr. S. D. Patil, Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Dhule and chairman of my Advisory Committee for Suggesting the topic and for his valuable guidance, keen interest, counsel and encouragement during the course of research work. I am very thankful for his constructive criticism, painstaking corrections and generous treatment during the preparation of thesis. It is my proud privilege to express my sincere gratitude and indebtedness to Dr. B. B. Dhakare, I/c Professor, Department of Horticulture, Dhule and member of advisory committee for his scientific guidance and suggestions during this investigation and preparation of the manuscript. I am also grateful to my advisory committee members Dr. C. V. Pujari, Associate professor, Department of Horticulture, Dhule; Dr. P. M. Chaudhari, Department of Agronomy, Dr. M. R. Patil, Assistant Professor of Statistics for their timely advice, co- operation, valuable suggestions throughout the course of investigation. It is my pleasure to express the deep sense of gratitude Dr. P. K. Dharne, Associate Dean, College of Agriculture, Dhule for extending necessary facilities and kind co-operation during the conduct of this research. I feel a great pleasure in recording my deep sense of gratitude to Dr. S. A. Ranpise, Head, Department of Horticulture, M.P.K.V. Rahuri; M. B. Khetmalas, Director, D. Y. Patil College of Biotechnology and Informatics, Pune for their kind co-operation and encouragement at various stages of investigation. vi I am thankful to Dr. P. D. Dalve, Senior Research Assistant and Garden Superintendent; Mr. P. I. Khairnar, Agril. Assistant; Mrs. A. J. Gaikwad, Agril. Assistant; Shri. Subhash Patil, Mali; D. R. Patil and Mrs. S. K. Chaudhari for their co-operation, suggestions and providing all the facilities to carry out this research work. Words are not sufficient to take account of encouraging and evergreen love of my family. Everything in my life is nothing if I ignore the all time encouragement, evergreen affection and latent love of father Shri. Sudhakar Baburao Khetmalas and respectful mother Sau. Ratnamala Sudhakar Khetmalas, my sister Aarti and brothers Deepak, Shrikant, Sagar and Anirudha. My heart is filled with sweet memories and I fill short of words to express thanks to my beloved friends Sagar, Prashant, Yogesh, Hanumant, Mahesh, Vishal, Anil, Nilam, Ameet, Avinash, Mohan and all departmental colleagues for their constant affection, co-operation and motivation during the course of investigation and study period. While traveling on this path of education, many hands pushed me forth. Learned hearts put me on the right track enlightened by their knowledge and experience, I ever rest thanks to all of them. Place: Dhule (S. S. Khetmalas) Date: 31.05.2013 vii CONTENTS CANDIDATE(cid:8217)S DECLARA TION (cid:8230).. ii iii CERTIFICATES : 1. Research Guide .(cid:8230). 2. Associate Dean (cid:8230).. iv AKNOWLEDGEMENTS (cid:8230).. v LIST OF TABLES viii (cid:8230).. LIST OF FIGURES ix (cid:8230).. LIST OF PLATES x (cid:8230).. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xi (cid:8230).. ABSTRACT xii (cid:8230).. 1. INTRODUCTION (cid:8230).. 1 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE (cid:8230).. 5 3. MATERIAL AND METHODS (cid:8230).. 28 4. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS (cid:8230).. 33 5. DISCUSSION (cid:8230).. 52 6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION (cid:8230).. 62 7. LITERATURE CITED (cid:8230).. 67 8. APPENDIX (cid:8230).. 81 9. VITA (cid:8230).. 83 viii LIST OF TABLES Page Table Title No. No. Days required for sprouting of graft 1 33 (Days) 2 Per cent success (%) at 30 days 35 Number of leaves at different growth 3 36 stages Number of branches at different 4 38 growth stages Diameter of scion (mm) at different 5 40 growth stages Diameter of rootstock (mm) at different 6 42 growth stages Number of internodes at different 7 44 growth stages Length of internodes (cm) at different 8 47 growth stages Survival percentage over success of 9 49 grafts (%)at different growth stages ix LIST OF FIGURES Figure Between List of Figures No. Page No. Days required for sprouting (Days) as 1 34-35 influenced by grafting time Per cent success (%) at 30 days as 2 35-36 influenced by grafting time Number of leaves as influenced by 3 37-38 grafting time Number of branches as influenced by 4 39-40 grafting time Diameter of scion (mm) as influenced 5 41-42 by grafting time Diameter of rootstock (mm) as 6 43-44 influenced by grafting time Number of internodes as influenced by 7 46-47 grafting time Length of internodes (cm) as influenced 8 48-49 by grafting time Survival percentage over success of 9 grafts (%) as influenced by grafting 50-51 time Per cent success in softwood grafting at 10 different timings as influenced by 66-67 weather parameters