CONTENTS TITLE PAGE DEDICATION EPIGRAPH INTRODUCTION 1 IN THE BEGINNING Women Warriors of Myth and Early History Amazons Arab Women Warriors Boudicca Brunhilde and Fredegund Cartimandua Cleopatra VII Tomoe Gozen Women Warriors in Ancient Greece and Rome Zenobia 2 THE CAPTAINS AND THE QUEENS Women Leaders and Commanders, Directing War and Conflict Catherine II Elizabeth I Ethelfleda Gandhi, Indira Isabella of France Isabella I of Spain Matilda Meir, Golda Rice, Condoleezza Sforza, Caterina Tamara Thatcher, Margaret Tz’u-hsi 3 RUNAWAYS AND ROARING GIRLS Mavericks, Misfits, Malcontents, and Wild Ones: Women Seizing the Chance of War to Live and Fight as Men Barry, James Dahomey, Warrior Women of Durova, Nadezhda Joan of Arc Michel, Louise Sampson, Deborah Sandes, Flora Velazquez, Loreta Janeta 4 REBELS AND REVOLUTIONARIES Women Taking Up Arms for a Cause Bochkareva, Mariya Eritrea, Women Combatants Figner, Vera FLN Bombers Lakshmi Bai, Rani of Jhansi Long March Molly Pitcher Partisans Santamaría, Haydée Tamil Tigers Tubman, Harriet “Araminta” Vietnam Women Fighters 5 CREATURE COMFORTS Courtesans, Consorts, and Camp Followers: Women Drawn into War to Minister to Men Camp Followers Comfort Women Conquistadoras Leaguer Ladies Lynch, Elisa Mata Hari Royal Navy Soldaderas Tenepal, Malinalli Travers, Susan Vivandières 6 INTO UNIFORM Women Mobilized to Support the War Effort Air Transport Auxiliary Auxiliary Territorial Service Civil Defense Conscription Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the Services First Aid Nursing Yeomanry Helferinnen Israeli Defense Forces Lotta Svärd NATO Armed Forces Red Army Women Soldiers Rosie the Riveter Soviet Women in War Industries United States Armed Forces US Air Force US Army US Marine Corps US Navy Voluntary Aid Detachment Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps Women’s Auxiliary Air Force Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps Women’s Royal Naval Service 7 AT THE SHARP END Modern Soldiers, Sailors, and Airwomen Cochran, Jacqueline Duckworth, Tammy Hester, Leigh Ann Holm, Jeanne Hopper, “Amazing” Grace Litvak, Lily Lynch, Jessica McGrath, Kathleen McSally, Martha Mixed Antiaircraft Batteries Night Witches Raskova, Marina Reitsch, Hanna Rossi, Marie T. Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 8 HEALING HANDS Doctors, Nurses, Medics, and Health Workers Ang, Swee Chai Army Nurse Corps Barton, Clara Bickerdyke, Mary Ann Bullwinkel, Vivian Chisholm, Mairi, and Elsie Knocker Dix, Dorothea Etheridge, Anna Inglis, Elsie Keil, Lillian Kinkela Nightingale, Florence Seacole, Mary “Mother” US Military Nurses and Doctors Walker, Mary Edwards 9 RECORDING ANGELS Singers, Entertainers, Artists, Propagandists, and Chroniclers of War, the Good and the Bad Al Haideri, Sahar Hussein Amanpour, Christiane Bourke-White, Margaret Deuell, Peggy Hull Frank, Anne Gellhorn, Martha Gillars, Mildred Elizabeth Kirkpatrick, Helen K’tut Tantri Lynn, Vera Politkovskaya, Anna Toguri, Ikuko 10 VALKYRIES, FURIES, AND FIENDS Ruthless Opportunists, Sadists, and Psychopaths Unleashed and Empowered by War Ammash, Dr. Huda Salih Mahdi Braunsteiner, Hermine England, Lynndie Grese, Irma Khaled, Leila Lakwena, Alice Mbandi, Jinga Mukakibibi, Sister Theophister Plavsic, Biljana