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Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill Education and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. CONTENTS Contributors Preface to the Third Edition Preface to the First Edition Acknowledgments Chapter 1. Fasteners and Welds for Structural Connections Larry S. Muir, P.E., William A. Thornton, Ph.D., P.E., and Thomas Kane, C.Eng., M.I.Struct.E. 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Bolted Connections 1.2.1 Types of Bolts 1.2.2 Washer Requirements 1.2.3 Pretensioned and Snug-Tight Bolts 1.2.4 Bearing-Type versus Slip-Critical Joints 1.2.5 Bolts in Combination with Welds 1.2.6 Standard, Oversized, Short-Slotted, and Long-Slotted Holes 1.2.7 Edge Distances and Spacing of Bolts 1.2.8 Installation 1.3 Welded Connections 1.3.1 Types of Welds 1.3.2 Welding Symbols 1.3.3 Welding Material 1.3.4 Welding Positions 1.3.5 Weld Procedures 1.3.6 Weld Quality 1.3.7 Methods for Determining Strength of Skewed Fillet Welds 1.3.8 Obliquely Loaded Concentric Fillet Weld Groups References Chapter 2. Design of Connections for Axial, Moment, and Shear Forces Larry S. Muir, P.E., William A. Thornton, Ph.D., P.E., and Thomas Kane, C.Eng., M.I.Struct.E. 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 Philosophy 2.1.2 General Procedure 2.1.3 Economic Considerations 2.1.4 Types of Connections 2.1.5 Organization 2.2 Axial Force Connections 2.2.1 Bracing Connections 2.2.2 Truss Connections 2.2.3 Hanger Connections 2.2.4 Column Base Plates 2.2.5 Splices—Columns and Truss Chords 2.3 Moment Connections 2.3.1 Introduction 2.3.2 Example: Three-Way Moment Connection 2.4 Shear Connections 2.4.1 Introduction 2.4.2 Framed Connections 2.4.3 Skewed Connections 2.4.4 Seated Connections 2.4.5 Beam Shear Splices 2.4.6 Extended Single-Plate Shear Connections (Shear Tabs) 2.5 Miscellaneous Connections 2.5.1 Simple Beam Connections under Shear and Axial Load 2.5.2 Reinforcement of Axial Force Connections 2.5.3 Extended Tab with Axial References Chapter 3. Welded Joint Design and Production Duane K. Miller, Sc.D., P.E., and Michael D. Florczykowski 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Welding Codes and Standards 3.2.1 AISC Specifications 3.2.2 AWS Specifications 3.3 Structural Steels for Welded Construction 3.3.1 AWS D1.1 Steel Listings 3.3.2 AISC Specification Treatment of Unidentified Steels 3.3.3 Welding Requirements for Specific Steels 3.4 Welding and Thermal Cutting Processes 3.4.1 Shielded Metal Arc Welding 3.4.2 Flux Cored Arc Welding 3.4.3 Gas Metal Arc Welding 3.4.4 Submerged Arc Welding 3.4.5 Gas Tungsten Arc Welding 3.4.6 Arc Stud Welding 3.4.7 Electroslag Welding 3.4.8 Oxyfuel Cutting 3.4.9 Plasma Arc Cutting 3.4.10 Air Carbon Arc Cutting and Gouging 3.5 Welded Joint Design 3.5.1 CJP Groove Welds 3.5.2 PJP Groove Welds 3.5.3 Fillet Welds 3.6 Welding Procedures 3.6.1 Effects of Welding Variables 3.6.2 Purpose of Welding Procedure Specifications 3.6.3 Prequalified Welding Procedure Specifications 3.6.4 Guidelines for Preparing Prequalified WPSs 3.6.5 Qualifying Welding Procedures by Test 3.6.6 Approval of WPSs 3.7 Welding Cost Analysis 3.8 Welding Problems: Cracking and Tearing during Fabrication 3.8.1 Centerline Cracking 3.8.2 Underbead Cracks 3.8.3 Transverse Cracks 3.8.4 Lamellar Tearing 3.9 Welding Problems: Distortion 3.10 Welding on Existing Structures 3.10.1 Safety Precautions 3.10.2 Existing Steel Composition and Condition 3.10.3 Welding and Cutting on Members under Load 3.10.4 Modifications and Additions to Undamaged Steel 3.10.5 Repair of Plastically Deformed Steel 3.11 Welding on Seismically Resistant Structures 3.11.1 High Connection Demands 3.11.2 Stress Concentrations 3.11.3 Fracture Resistance 3.11.4 Demand Critical Connections and Protected Zones 3.11.5 Seismic Welded Connection Details 3.11.6 Filler Metal Requirements 3.11.7 Welder Qualification Tests 3.11.8 Nondestructive Testing 3.12 Acknowledgments References Chapter 4. Partially Restrained Connections Roberto T. Leon 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Connection Classification 4.2.1 Connection Stiffness 4.2.2 Connection Strength 4.2.3 Connection Ductility 4.2.4 Derivation of M-θ Curves 4.2.5 Analysis 4.3 Design of Bolted PR Connections 4.3.1 Column Welded-Beam Bolted Connections 4.3.2 Column Bolted-Beam Bolted (T Stubs) 4.3.3 End-Plate Connections 4.4 Flexible PR Connections 4.5 Considerations for Analysis of PR Frames References Chapter 5. Seismic Design of Connections James O. Malley and Raymond S. Pugliesi 5.1 Special Design Issues for Seismic Design 5.2 Connection Design Requirements for Various Structural Systems 5.3 Design of Special Moment-Frame Connections 5.3.1 Introduction 5.3.2 Post-Northridge Developments in Connection Design 5.3.3 Toughened Connections 5.3.4 Strengthened Connections 5.3.5 Weakened Connections 5.4 Concentrically Braced Frames 5.4.1 Introduction 5.4.2 Connection Design and Example 5.5 Eccentrically Braced Frames 5.6 Buckling Restrained Braced Frames 5.7 Special Plate Shear Walls 5.8 Other Connections in Seismic Frames References Chapter 6. Structural Steel Details David R. Williams, P.E. Reference Chapter 7. Connection Design for Special Structures Lawrence A. Kloiber 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Lateral Load Systems 7.3 Long-Span Trusses 7.4 Space-Frame Structures 7.5 Examples of Connections for Special Structures 7.6 Building Information Model 7.7 Conclusion References Chapter 8. Quality Control and Quality Assurance Robert E. Shaw, Jr., P.E. 8.1 Principles of Quality Control and Quality Assurance 8.2 Standards for QC and QA 8.3 Fabricator’s and Erector’s QC Programs 8.3.1 Fabricator and Erector QC Activities 8.3.2 QC Inspection Personnel 8.3.3 Fabricator and Erector Approvals 8.4 Quality Assurance Programs 8.4.1 QA Inspection Activities 8.4.2 QA Inspection Personnel 8.4.3 Nondestructive Testing Personnel 8.5 Inspection of Bolted Connections 8.5.1 Scope of Inspections 8.5.2 Inspection prior to Bolting 8.5.3 Inspection during Bolting 8.5.4 Inspection after Bolting