Handbook of Research on Geriatric Health, Treatment, and Care Barre Vijaya Prasad Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (DIMHANS), India Shamsi Akbar King George’s Medical University, India A volume in the Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care (AMDTC) Book Series Published in the United States of America by IGI Global Medical Information Science Reference (an imprint of IGI Global) 701 E. Chocolate Avenue Hershey PA, USA 17033 Tel: 717-533-8845 Fax: 717-533-8661 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: http://www.igi-global.com Copyright © 2018 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without written permission from the publisher. Product or company names used in this set are for identification purposes only. Inclusion of the names of the products or companies does not indicate a claim of ownership by IGI Global of the trademark or registered trademark. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Vijaya Prasad, Barre, 1981- editor. | Akbar, Shamsi, 1985- editor. Title: Handbook of research on geriatric health, treatment, and care / Barre Vijaya Prasad and Shamsi Akbar, editors. Description: Hershey PA : Medical Information Science Reference, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: LCCN 2017017345| ISBN 9781522534808 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781522534815 (ebook) Subjects: | MESH: Geriatrics | Aging | Mental Disorders | Health Services for the Aged | Aged Classification: LCC RC952.5 | NLM WT 100 | DDC 618.97--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017017345 This book is published in the IGI Global book series Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care (AMDTC) (ISSN: 2475-6628; eISSN: 2475-6636) British Cataloguing in Publication Data A Cataloguing in Publication record for this book is available from the British Library. All work contributed to this book is new, previously-unpublished material. The views expressed in this book are those of the authors, but not necessarily of the publisher. For electronic access to this publication, please contact: [email protected]. 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Titles in this Series For a list of additional titles in this series, please visit: www.igi-global.com/book-series Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Kidney Health Mayuree Tangkiatkumjai (Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand) Annalisa Casarin (The NIHR Research Design Service East of England, UK) Li-Chia Chen (University of Manchester, UK) and Dawn-Marie Walker (University of Southampton, UK) Medical Information Science Reference • copyright 2018 • 308pp • H/C (ISBN: 9781522528821) • US $265.00 (our price) Research-Based Perspectives on the Psychophysiology of Yoga Shirley Telles (Patanjali Research Foundation, India) and Nilkamal Singh (Patanjali Research Foundation, India) Medical Information Science Reference • copyright 2018 • 456pp • H/C (ISBN: 9781522527886) • US $225.00 (our price) Sustainable Health and Long-Term Care Solutions for an Aging Population Ben Fong (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong) Artie Ng (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong) and Peter Yuen (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong) Medical Information Science Reference • copyright 2018 • 441pp • H/C (ISBN: 9781522526339) • US $225.00 (our price) Emerging Applications, Perspectives, and Discoveries in Cardiovascular Research Ashim Malhotra (Pacific University, USA) and Shivani Soni (California State University, Fullerton, USA & Chap- man University, USA & Alabama State University, USA) Medical Information Science Reference • copyright 2017 • 439pp • H/C (ISBN: 9781522520924) • US $225.00 (our price) Healthcare Community Synergism between Patients, Practitioners, and Researchers Valerie C. Bryan (Florida Atlantic University, USA) and Jennifer Lynne Bird (Florida Atlantic University, USA) Medical Information Science Reference • copyright 2017 • 348pp • H/C (ISBN: 9781522506409) • US $210.00 (our price) Transformative Healthcare Practice through Patient Engagement Guendalina Graffigna (Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Italy) Medical Information Science Reference • copyright 2017 • 382pp • H/C (ISBN: 9781522506638) • US $215.00 (our price) 701 East Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, PA 17033, USA Tel: 717-533-8845 x100 • Fax: 717-533-8661 E-Mail: [email protected] • www.igi-global.com Handbook of Research on Geriatric Health, Treatment, and Care is an edited collection of 26 chapters on the epidemiology, factors, prevalence of disability, scope of research in diagnosis/management, and implementation strategies of ageing by scholars from the diverse disciplines. The chapters therein contain all the major elements and concepts related to the aspects of geriatric health based on the researchers’ experiences, innovative research, practice and care giving in the field of Applied Gerontology. This comprehensive update of an excellent text is timely and relevant. The Editors, Dr. Barre Vijaya Prasad and Shamsi Akbar deserve appreciation for editing this volume. Readers and researchers will understand and apply key concepts and principles in ways that will not only create innovative higher-order thinking but will also enhance knowledge in the practicing aspect of Geriatric Medicine. Akbar Husain Aligarh Muslim University, India With rapid strides in the health care technology and improving economy, there is an explosive rise in the population of elderly all over the world. Consequent to it, the health problems of the elderly are also proportionately rising. In some developed countries, just the population of elderly itself is a major public health concern. Hence it is essential to have a book on the health issues of geriatric population. There exist only few books on the topics dealing with health issues of the elderly. But the books dealing comprehensively with different topics of physical as well as mental health are still rarer here. I must congratulate the editors Dr Barre Vijaya Prasad and Shamsi Akbar for not just thinking of this idea but actually working on it and giving it a shape. I admire the patience and perseverance with which both kept working despite all odds. Hats off to the editors and their families. The proposed book contains 26 chapters, all written by well established authors. These are well organized in five sections arranged from basic aspects to the applied clinical topics. This step ladder arrangement helps the readers understand some complex topics very easily. I am sure that the postgraduate students, researchers, teachers as well clinicians would find this book not just useful but interesting too. Happy reading! Hitesh Khurana Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, India   The book entitled Handbook of Research on Geriatric Health, Treatment, and Care edited by Dr Barre Vijay Prasad and Shamsi Akbar is a necessary attempt to probe into the current research perspectives on not only the curative aspects of geriatric health but also the care. Gero-Psychology is the much sought after research area considering the increasing geriatric population worldwide thanks to advancements in science and medicine towards enhancement of longevity. The bio-psycho-social effects like disabilities, dependency and others are often seen to lead to a self-perception by the elders themselves and perception of others towards the elderly as the ‘burdensome old’. It is thus the responsibility of learned professionals such as Psychologists, Social workers, Medical and para medical professionals, along with the family support to form Health teams to provide a holistic support to the elderly. This book provides a platform to illustrate the research relating to aspects of cure and care for the elderly. The four main sections with 26 chapters cover several subthemes and topics of contemporary relevance and importance. Thus it seeks to provide a panorama of research areas both from theoretical to applied perspectives. The editors are congratulated for this integrative vision and fusion of articles from across a wide array of fields. This combined presentation helps in creating a synthesis of areas focusing on the needs and necessities of the elderly showcasing a need for holistic support to the elderly. G. Padmaja University of Hyderabad, India I thank the Editors Dr Barre Vijaya Prasad and Shamsi Akbar for asking to review and share my thoughts about this book. I appreciate the work of Dr Barre Vijaya Prasad, a devotee of excellence in the publish- ing work on various themes in Mental Health. To remind his previous book on chronic Mental illness was a commendable job, in continuum he has moved forward with new theme Research on geriatric Health treatment and care with focus on the Psychiatric and Psychological aspects of the Ageing. It is worth to note, World health Organization report on Ageing, Populations around the world is rapidly ageing. Hence ageing presents both challenges and opportunities. There is increase demand for primary health care and long-term care for ageing population. To meet the needs we require a larger and better trained workforce and intensify the need for environments to be made more age-friendly. Societies that adapt to this changing demographics and invest in Healthy Ageing, enable individuals to live both longer and healthier lives and for societies to reap the dividends”. I think editors have fairly done justice to these aspects in the book by incorporating various issues highlighted by WHO in the research work. Twenty- six chapters organized into four sections on various themes, makes handy for the reader to choose his topic of interest. Very informative and interesting topics for reader would be topics on approach for promoting successful positive ageing, psychosocial and medical management of cognitive impairment which catches the special attention. Chapter on sleep related disorders in elderly needs special mention, less discussed topic is well presented, treatment aspects like sleep hygiene and cognitive behavioral therapies is noteworthy for a reader. Last thing but not the least, the book caught my attention was on suicide and sexual needs among the elderly. For any treating physician these are of low priority areas, editors have done justice by incorporating these chapters. The book is well researched, reads well, and represents theme, I hope difficult subject presented in simple language will catch the attention of all the stakeholders. I wish editors good luck for their commendable job, hoping to see this work at earliest in the bookshelves Srinivas Kosgi Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (DIMHANS), India Editorial Advisory Board Singh,T.Bahdur,Central University of South Bihar (CUSB), India AkbarHusain,Aligarh Muslim University, India HiteshKhurana,Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, India G.Padmaja,University of Hyderabad, India K.Srinivas,Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, India  List of Contributors Akbar, Shamsi /King George’s Medical University, India................................................175,288,339 Alee, Nongzaimayum Tawfeeq/Aligarh Muslim University, India...................................................81 Bajantri, Manjunath R./Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (DIMHANS), India.......................................................................................................................................357,475 Chooramani, Gagan /King George’s Medical University, India.............................................288,326 Devi, Trishna Priya/Indian School of Complimentary Therapy and Allied Sciences, India...........206 Garg, Amit /Felicity Mindcare Clinic, India...................................................................................134 Garg, Shobit /SMI Medical College and Hospital, India....................................................................1 Goswami, Srijan /Indian School of Complimentary Therapy and Allied Sciences, India...............206 Goswami, Swagata /Institute of Genetic Engineering, India..........................................................206 Gupta, Garima /Arya Mahila Post Graduate College, India............................................................68 Halder, Susmita /Institute of Psychiatry, India...............................................................................118 Husain, Akbar /Aligarh Muslim University, India............................................................................81 Jigdung, Trecy /Indian School of Complimentary Therapy and Allied Sciences, India.................206 Kallollimath, Pradeep /Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (DIMHANS), India..............................................................................................................................................194 Kaushik, Pratima /Amity University, India.........................................................................48,152,448 Kaushik, Rajpal /West Delhi Psychiatry Centre, India...................................................................152 Khurana, Hitesh /Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, India.........................................................................................................................................17,409 Kori, Ashok /Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (DIMHANS), India....357,475 Mahanta, Kongkoan /Institute of Genetic Engineering, India.......................................................206 Mahato, Akash Kumar/Amity University, India.............................................................................118 Mahour, Pooja /King George’s Medical University, India..............................................................236 Malik, Lipika /Institute of Mental Health, India...............................................................................17 Mattoo, Surendra Kumar/Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, India........17 Mishra, Preeti /SMI Medical College and Hospital, India..............................................................269 Nehra, Ashima /All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India.........................................................94 Pandey, Jyoti Mishra/Government Medical College and Hospital Chandigarh, India...............1,269 Pandey, Smita /Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, India..........................................................393 Prasad, Barre Vijaya/Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (DIMHANS), India..................................................................................................................175,253,288,339,357 Punia, Vikas /Institute of Mental Health, India.................................................................................17 R., Ashwini /Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (DIMHANS), India.....175,253 Raj, Aishwarya /GNCT of Delhi, India...........................................................................................409    Sharma, Deepa Luxmi/Counselling Crux, India..............................................................................68 Sharma, Shivani /All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India......................................................94 Singh, Pooja /Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India...............................................................326 Sinha, Pallavi /North Delhi Municipal Corporation Medical College, India & Hindu Rao Hospital, India..............................................................................................................................134 Srivastava, Garima /Allahabad University, India...........................................................................303 Tekkalaki, Bheemsain /Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, India................................................430 Tripathi, Rakesh Kumar/King George’s Medical University, India..............................................303 Verma, Neelam /Talk to Cure, India................................................................................................369 Verma, Shailendra Prasad/King George’s Medical University, India...........................................236 Table of Contents Foreword...........................................................................................................................................xxiv Preface...............................................................................................................................................xxvi Acknowledgment..........................................................................................................................xxxviii Section 1 Social and Psychological Factors in Ageing Chapter 1 PositivePsychologyandAging...............................................................................................................1 Jyoti Mishra Pandey, Government Medical College and Hospital Chandigarh, India Shobit Garg, SMI Medical College and Hospital, India Chapter 2 SpiritualityandAging...........................................................................................................................17 Surendra Kumar Mattoo, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, India Vikas Punia, Institute of Mental Health, India Lipika Malik, Institute of Mental Health, India Hitesh Khurana, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, India Chapter 3 PromotingSuccessfulPositiveAgingAcrosstheHealthContinuum:AHolisticApproach...............48 Pratima Kaushik, Amity University, India Chapter 4 Aging,QualityofLife,andSocialSupport..........................................................................................68 Garima Gupta, Arya Mahila Post Graduate College, India Deepa Luxmi Sharma, Counselling Crux, India Chapter 5 ManagementofElderAbuseThroughSocialSupport.........................................................................81 Akbar Husain, Aligarh Muslim University, India Nongzaimayum Tawfeeq Alee, Aligarh Muslim University, India