S E C O N D E D I T I O N CHEMICAL ENGINEERING C h M e B m Handbook of e i o i c m t e a H c l b Membrane Separations , h n P ra o h a a n l n The Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and o r Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, g m d Biotechnological Applications, Second Edition provides detailed information on e i c a b membrane separation technologies from an international team of experts. a c S and Biotechnological Applications o l e The handbook fills an important gap in the current literature by providing a compre- u e A o hensive discussion of membrane applications in the chemical, food, pharmaceutical, t p p i c k and biotechnology industries as well as in the treatment of toxic industrial effluents. p a a l l r This revised second edition has been updated and expanded with discussions of i , o c a new membrane products and processes and novel applications in engineering, life a F f t o t sciences, and energy conversion. i o i o o d n It also includes new chapters in the field of membrane science and technology , n s covering recent advances in RO and UF, ionic liquids, nanotechnology, roles of a s n membrane in power generation, updates on fuel cells, new membrane extraction d configuration, and other important topics. The handbook is equally suited for the newcomer to the field as it is for process engineers and research scientists (membranologists/membrane experts) who are interested in obtaining more advanced information about specific applications. It provides readers with a comprehensive and well-balanced overview of the present state of membrane science and technology. Pabby Rizvi Edited by Sastre Anil K. Pabby Syed S.H. Rizvi Second Edition Ana Maria Sastre K15379 ISBN: 978-1-4665-5556-3 90000 9 781466 555563 K15379_Cover_PubGr.indd All Pages 2/25/15 3:07 PM Handbook of Membrane Separations H a n d b o o k o f Membrane Separations Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Biotechnological Applications Second Edition Edited by Anil K. Pabby Syed S.H. Rizvi Ana Maria Sastre CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2015 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20150212 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-5558-7 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. 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Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Contents Foreword ......................................................................................................................................................................................ix Preface..........................................................................................................................................................................................xi Editors ........................................................................................................................................................................................xiii Contributors ................................................................................................................................................................................xv Section i Membrane Applications in chemical and Pharmaceutical industries and in conservation of natural Resources Chapter 1 Membrane Applications in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries and in the Conservation of Natural Resources: Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................3 Anil K. Pabby, Syed S.H. Rizvi, and Ana Maria Sastre Chapter 2 Advanced Materials in Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration Membranes ...................................................................7 W.J. Lau, A.F. Ismail, T. Matsuura, N.A. Nazri, and E. Yuliwati Chapter 3 Reverse Osmosis Membrane .................................................................................................................................35 Dipak Rana, Takeshi Matsuura, Mohd Azraai Kassim, and Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Chapter 4 Industrial Applications of Membrane Contactors .................................................................................................53 Anil K. Pabby, J.V. Sonawane, Ana Maria Sastre, and Y. Kulkarni Chapter 5 Membrane Applications in Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry ..................................................................77 A. Brunetti, G. Barbieri, and Enrico Drioli Chapter 6 Membrane and Monolithic Convective Chromatographic Supports....................................................................101 M.E. Avramescu, Zandrie Borneman, and M. Wessling Chapter 7 Membranes in Gas Separation .............................................................................................................................143 May-Britt Hägg and Liyuan Deng Chapter 8 Pervaporation: Theory, Practice, and Applications in the Chemical and Allied Industries ................................181 Vishwas G. Pangarkar and Samit Kumar Ray Chapter 9 Ceramic Membranes Technology: Current Applications and Future Development ...........................................215 Christian Guizard and Adam Stevenson Chapter 10 Techniques to Enhance Performance of Liquid-Phase Membrane Processes by Improved Control of Concentration Polarization..............................................................................................................................259 S. Chang and A.G. Fane v vi Contents Chapter 11 Zeolite Membranes: Synthesis, Characterization, Important Applications, and Recent Advances ...................293 M.P. Pina, Manuel Arruebo, and Reyes Mallada Chapter 12 Current Challenges in Reducing Membrane Fouling .........................................................................................355 Mattheus F.A. Goosen Chapter 13 Membrane Extraction in Preconcentration, Sampling, and Trace Analysis .......................................................377 Jan Åke Jönsson and Estelle Larsson Chapter 14 Advancements in Membrane Processes for Pharmaceutical Applications .........................................................403 Ralf Kuriyel, Masatake Fushijima, and Gary W. Jung Chapter 15 Membranes in Drug Delivery...............................................................................................................................419 Simona Maria Fiorentino, Rossella Farra, Barbara Dapas, Bruna Scaggiante, Federica Tonon, Gabriele Grassi, and Mario Grassi Chapter 16 Chitosan and Its Derivatives as Potential Materials for Membrane Technology ................................................465 Rajesha Kumar and Arun M. Isloor Section ii Membrane Applications in Biotechnology, Food Processing, Life Sciences, and energy conversion Chapter 17 Membrane Applications in Biotechnology, Food Processing, Life Sciences, and Energy Conversion: Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................483 Anil K. Pabby, Ana Maria Sastre, and Syed S.H. Rizvi Chapter 18 Membranes in Power Generation: A Review of Current Uses and Emerging Applications ...............................485 Dhaval Bhandari, Anthony Y. Ku, and Surinder Singh Chapter 19 Applications of Membrane Technology in the Dairy Industry ...........................................................................505 Philipina A. Marcelo and Syed S.H. Rizvi Chapter 20 Transporting and Separating Molecules Using Tailored Nanotube Membranes ................................................539 Kexin Jiao, Punit Kohli, and Charles R. Martin Chapter 21 Proton-Conducting Membranes for Fuel Cells ...................................................................................................567 Vineet Rao, Norbert Kluy, Wenbo Ju, and Ulrich Stimming Chapter 22 On the Use of Ionic Liquid Technology for the Selective Separation of Organic Compounds and Metal Ions ....615 A. Pérez de los Ríos, F.J. Hernández-Fernández, L.J. Lozano, C. Godínez, S. Sánchez-Segado, F.J. Alguacil, F. Tomás-Alonso, and S. Galai Chapter 23 A Critical View on Separation Processes by Membrane Technology Applied in Vegetable Oil Refining .........629 Cesar de Morais Coutinho Contents vii Section iii M embrane Applications in industrial Waste Management (including nuclear), environmental engineering, and Future trends in Membrane Science Chapter 24 Membrane Applications in Industrial Waste Management (Including Nuclear), Environmental Engineering, and Future Trends in Membrane Science: Introduction ................................................................663 Anil K. Pabby and Ana Maria Sastre Chapter 25 Advancement in Membrane Methods for Liquid Radioactive Waste Processing: Current Opportunities, Challenges, and the Global Scenario ..................................................................................................................665 Grazyna Zakrzewska-Koltuniewicz Chapter 26 Overview and the Current Status of Membrane-Based Processing of Radioactive Nuclear Plant Waste: Evaluation of Some Case Studies ........................................................................................................................709 Anil K. Pabby, J.V. Sonawane, S.K. Gupta, S.R. Sawant, N.S. Rathore, and Y. Kulkarni Chapter 27 Polymer Inclusion Membranes ............................................................................................................................723 Spas D. Kolev, M. Inês G.S. Almeida, and Robert W. Cattrall Chapter 28 Membrane Bioreactors for Wastewater Treatment ...............................................................................................741 Eoin Syron and Eoin Casey Chapter 29 Concentration-Driven Membrane Processes for the Recovery of Valuable Compounds from Industrial Wastes ........................................................................................................................................759 Eugenio Bringas, M. Fresnedo San Román, Ana M. Urtiaga, and Inmaculada Ortiz Chapter 30 Membrane Contactors for the Absorption of Carbon Dioxide from Gaseous Streams: State of the Art on Membrane Improvements .....................................................................................................773 Alessandra Criscuoli and Enrico Drioli Chapter 31 Liquid Membranes for Studies Involving Nuclear Waste Remediation Using Hollow-Fiber Contactors ...........787 Seraj A. Ansari, Pankaj Kandwal, and Prasanta K. Mohapatra Chapter 32 Hollow-Fiber Renewal and Strip Dispersion Liquid Membrane Techniques: Application for Metal Separation, Recovery, and Wastewater Treatment ..............................................................................................813 Anil K. Pabby, Suman C. Roy, J.V. Sonawane, N.S. Rathore, C.B. Patil, Ana Maria Sastre, and Y. Kulkarni Chapter 33 Future Progress in Membrane Engineering ........................................................................................................825 Enrico Drioli and Gianluca Di Profio